United Bus. Commc'ns, Inc. v. Milgo Elec. Corp., 449 U.S. 1066 (1980). · Go Syfert
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United Bus. Commc'ns, Inc. v. Milgo Elec. Corp., 449 U.S. 1066 (1980). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
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cited 2× by 2 distinct cases, last quoted 1982 · …an appellate court must affirm the award if there is substantial record evidence to support it: the trial court's findings will not be set aside unless it is shown that they are clearly erroneous. ⚠ not in text
132 citation events (7 in the last 25 years) across 40 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Metso Minerals, Inc. v. Powerscreen International Distribution Ltd. (nyed, 2011-12-08) · Strongest negative: Aguirre-Molina v. New York State Division of Alcoholism & Alcohol Abuse (nynd, 1987-11-12)
Treatment trajectory · 1981 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1981 2003 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 31 distinct citers. How cited ↗
cited Cited "but see" Aguirre-Molina v. New York State Division of Alcoholism & Alcohol Abuse
N.D.N.Y. · 1987 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see 450 U.S. at 253 n. 6, 101 S.Ct. at 1094 n. 6: "In the instant case, it is not seriously contested that respondent has proved a prima facie case.
discussed Cited "but see" D.L. Auld Co. v. Park Electrochemical Corp.
E.D.N.Y · 1982 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see Milgo Electronic Corp. v. United Business Communications, 623 F.2d 645, 659 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980) (fraud not a prerequisite, but some injustice must be shown). 3 .
discussed Cited "but see" Devex Corporation v. General Motors Corporation (2×) also: Cited as authority (quoted)
3rd Cir. · 1982 · signal: but see · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
an appellate court must affirm the award if there is substantial record evidence to support it: the trial court's findings will not be set aside unless it is shown that they are clearly erroneous.
discussed Cited "but see" Devex Corp. v. General Motors Corp. (2×) also: Cited as authority (quoted)
3rd Cir. · 1981 · signal: but see · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
an appellate court must affirm the award if there is substantial record evidence to support it: the trial court's findings will not be set aside unless it is shown that they are clearly erroneous.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Metso Minerals, Inc. v. Powerscreen International Distribution Ltd.
E.D.N.Y · 2011 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
mere ownership of stock is not enough to pierce the corporate veil
discussed Cited "see" Payne v. State of New York Power Authority
S.D.N.Y. · 1998 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hudson v. International Business Machines Corp., 620 F.2d 351, 355 (2d Cir.1980) (statistics showing racial composition of employer’s workforce could not “standing alone” show that employer discriminated against plaintiff because of his race), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980); Robinson v. Metro-North Commuter R.R.
cited Cited "see" Davidson v. Time Inc.
E.D.N.Y · 1997 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hudson v. Int'l Business Machines Corp., 620 F.2d 351 , 354 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980).
cited Cited "see" Babcock v. Cae-Link Corp.
N.D.N.Y. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hudson v. International Business Machines Corp., 620 F.2d 351 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980). .
cited Cited "see" Melvin K. Rowlett, Sr. v. Anheuser-Busch, Inc.
1st Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hudson v. Int’l Business Machines, 620 F.2d 351, 354 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Duncan v. AT & T COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
S.D.N.Y. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hudson v. International Business Machines Corp., 620 F.2d 351, 354 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980); see also United States Postal Service Board of Governors v. Aikens, 460 U.S. 711, 715 , 103 S.Ct. 1478, 1482 , 75 L.Ed.2d 403 (1983) (inquiry in Title VII case is whether employer is treating some people less favorably than others because of race). 5 As for the duty of fair representation, a union or its representatives breach their duty when, acting in an arbitrary or discriminatory manner, they fail to serve *236 the interests of union members…
cited Cited "see" Rosie M. Daniels v. Board Of Education Of The Ravenna City School District
6th Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hudson v. International Business Machines Corp., 620 F.2d 351, 354 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980).
cited Cited "see" Daniels v. Board of Education of the Ravenna City School District
6th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hudson v. International Business Machines Corp., 620 F.2d 351, 354 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980).
cited Cited "see" Philip Morris, Inc. v. Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp.
M.D. Ga. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Milgo Electronic Corp. v. United Business Communications, Inc., 623 F.2d 645, 666 , 206 USPQ 481, 497 (10th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Ziering v. NY CITY DEPT. OF HEALTH
S.D.N.Y. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hudson v. International Business Machines Corp., 620 F.2d 351 , 354 (2d Cir.) ( McDonnell Douglas criteria applied to § 1981), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980); Ramirez v. Sloss, 615 F.2d 163 , 167-68 & nn. 6 & 7 (5th Cir.1980) (dictum) ( McDonnell Douglas factors may be applied to §§ 1981 and 1983); Allesberry v. Pennsylvania, 30 Fair Empl.Prac.Cas.
discussed Cited "see" Ziering v. New York City Department of Health
S.D.N.Y. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hudson v. International Business Machines Corp., 620 F.2d 351 , 354 (2d Cir.) (McDonnell Douglas criteria applied to § 1981), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980); Ramirez v. Sloss, 615 F.2d 163 , 167-68 & nn. 6 & 7 (5th Cir.1980) (dictum) (McDonnell Douglas factors may be applied to §§ 1981 and 1983); Allesberry v. Pennsylvania, 30 Fair Empl.Prac.Cas.
cited Cited "see" Kelly v. American Federation of Musicians' & Employers' Pension Welfare Fund
S.D.N.Y. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hudson v. International Business Machines Corp., 620 F.2d 351, 354 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980). 2 .
discussed Cited "see" Central Soya Company, Inc. v. Geo. A. Hormel & Company (2×)
Fed. Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Milgo Electronic Corp. v. United Business Communications, Inc., 623 F.2d 645, 665 , 206 USPQ 481, 498 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980). 28 To overcome the district court's holding of willful infringement, Hormel had not only to show an opinion from competent counsel but also that it had exercised reasonable and good faith adherence to the analysis and advice therein.
cited Cited "see" Lam, Inc. v. Johns-Manville Corporation and Johns-Manville Sales Corporation
Fed. Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Milgo Electronic Corp. v. United Business Communications, Inc., 623 F.2d 645, 663 , 206 USPQ 481, 495 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980).
cited Cited "see" Underwater Devices Incorporated v. Morrison-Knudsen Company, Inc., Morrison-Knudsen Company, Inc. v. Lester A. Haug, Don W. Schmid and Herman Gunther
Fed. Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Milgo Electronic *1390 Corp. v. United Business Communications, Inc., 623 F.2d 645, 666 , 206 USPQ 481, 497 (10th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Saturn Manufacturing, Inc., Appellant/cross-Appellee v. Williams Patent Crusher & Pulverizer Co. And Robert M. Williams, Appellees/cross-Appellants (2×)
8th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Milgo Electronic Corp. v. United Business Communications, Inc., 623 F.2d 645, 663 (10th Cir.) (per curiam), cert denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980); Panduit Corp. v. Stahlin Bros.
discussed Cited "see" 29 Fair empl.prac.cas. 1027, 30 Fair empl.prac.cas. 605, 30 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 33,026 James Gay, Leonard Whitman, Frederick McDowell Douglas Lee, Gary Dennis and Loyal Graham, on Behalf of Themselves and All Persons Similarly Situated v. Waiters' and Dairy Lunchmen's Union, Local No. 30 Dining Room Employees Union, Local No. 9 Hotel and Restaurant Employees & Bartenders Union, Local No. 2 the St. Francis Hotel Corporation, a Delaware Corporation Hilton Hotels Corp., a Delaware Corporation D/B/A San Francisco Hilton & Tower
9th Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hudson v. IBM Corp., 620 F.2d 351 , 354 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980). 16 Our statement in Craig that "equal protection rather than Title VII standards apply to employment discrimination claims brought under Sec. 1981," Craig, supra, 626 F.2d at 668 , is not to the contrary.
cited Cited "see" Kori Corp. v. Wilco Marsh Buggies & Draglines, Inc.
E.D. La. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See Milgo Electronics v. United Business Communications, Inc., 623 F.2d 645 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980).
cited Cited "see" Gay v. Waiters' & Dairy Lunchmen's Union, Local No. 30
9th Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See Hudson v. IBM Corp., 620 F.2d 351 , 354 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" Lang v. Prescon Corp.
D. Del. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See Milgo Electronic Corp. v. United Business Communication, 623 F.2d 645, 665-66 (10th Cir.) (per curiam), cert, denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980); American Safety Table Co. v. Schreiber, 415 F.2d 373, 378-79 (2d Cir. 1969).
cited Cited "see" General Battery Corp. v. Gould, Inc.
D. Del. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See Milgo Electronics Corp. v. United Business Communication, 623 F.2d 645, 665-66 (10th Cir.) (per cu-riam), cert, denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" 26 Fair empl.prac.cas. 513, 26 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 31,995 Chester W. Setser v. Novack Investment Company, F/k/a Western Trucking Company and Alvin S. Novack
8th Cir. · 1981 · signal: accord · confidence high
Accord Hudson v. International Business Machines Corp., 620 F.2d 351 , 354 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980); Flowers v. Crouch-Walker Corp., 552 F.2d 1277 (7th Cir. 1977); Sabol v. Snyder, 524 F.2d 1009 (10th Cir. 1975); Long v. Ford Motor Co., 496 F.2d 500 (6th Cir. 1974).
discussed Cited "see" Setser v. Novack Investment Co.
8th Cir. · 1981 · signal: accord · confidence high
Accord Hudson v. International Business Machines Corp., 620 F.2d 351 , 354 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980); Flowers v. Crouch-Walker Corp., 552 F.2d 1277 (7th Cir. 1977); Sabo1 v. Snyder, 524 F.2d 1009 (10th Cir. 1975); Long v. Ford Motor Co., 496 F.2d 500 (6th Cir. 1974).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Richards v. New York City Board of Education
S.D.N.Y. · 1987 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Hudson v. IBM, 620 F.2d 351 , 354 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980); Huntley v. Community School Board of Brooklyn, 543 F.2d 979 , 983 n. 6 (2d Cir.1976), cert. denied 430 U.S. 929 , 97 S.Ct. 1547 , 51 L.Ed.2d 773 .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Jackson v. Ebasco Services Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1986 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Hudson v. IBM, 620 F.2d 351 , 354 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980); Baldwin v. Birmingham Board of Education, 648 F.2d 950, 955 (5th Cir. 1981).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Hudson v. Moore Business Forms, Inc.
N.D. Cal. · 1985 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also, Hudson v. International Business Machines Corp., 620 F.2d 351 (2d Cir.), cert, denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980) (plaintiff in race discrimination case failed to demonstrate continued availability of positions or that they were ever given to whites); Chavez v. Tempe Union High School District No. 213, 565 F.2d 1087, 1091 (9th Cir.1977); Betts v. Sperry Div. of Sperry Rand Corp., 556 F.Supp. 562, 566 (E.D.N.Y.1983) *474 (plaintiff in race discrimination suit did not demonstrate availability of position or fact that defendant continued “to seek applicants …
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Warren v. Halstead Industries, Inc.
M.D.N.C. · 1985 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Hudson v. IBM Corp., 620 F.2d 351 , 355 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980); King v. Yellow Freight System, Inc., 523 F.2d 879, 882 (8th Cir.1975); Terrell v. Feldstein Co., 468 F.2d 910, 911 (5th Cir.1972).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
United Business Communications, Inc.
v.
Milgo Electronic Corp.
No. 80-418.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Dec 15, 1980.
449 U.S. 1066
Consideration, Took.
Cited by 2 opinions  |  Published
2 passages pin-cited by 3 cases
Pinpoint authority: bottom 76%
Citer courts: Third Circuit (2) · E.D. New York (1)

C. A. 10th Cir. Certiorari denied.

Justice Powell took no part in the consideration or decision of this petition.