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Positive treatment
Circuit Split
Quoted verbatim 1×
4.1 score
“a corporation may be simultaneously both a defendant and the enterprise under rico.”
Treatment trajectory · 1983 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1983
2004
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 46 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited "but see"
Crowe v. Smith
See, e.g., Landry v. Air Line Pilots Ass’n Int’l AFL-CIO, 901 F.2d 404, 425 (5th Cir.1990), ce rt. denied, 498 U.S. 895 , 111 S.Ct. 244 , 112 L.Ed.2d 203 ; Bishop v. Corbitt Marine Ways, Inc., 802 F.2d 122, 122-23 (5th Cir.1986) (cataloging the circuits addressing this issue); but see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed
Cited "but see"
State v. Ivanhoe
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 989-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983) and 459 U.S. 1183 , 103 S.Ct. 834 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1983).
discussed
Cited "but see"
Amendolare v. Schenkers International Forwarders, Inc.
See, e.g., Haroco, Inc. v. American National Bank & Trust Co., 747 F.2d 384, 400 (7th Cir.1984); United States v. Computer Sciences Corp., 689 F.2d 1181, 1190 (4th Cir.1982); but see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed
Cited "but see"
Busby v. Crown Supply, Inc.
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 987-90 (11 Cir.1982) (the only circuit holding that the person and enterprise need not be dis tinct for § 1962(c) purposes), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983). .
cited
Cited "but see"
Hall American Center Associates Ltd. Partnership v. Dick
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited
Cited "but see"
Babst v. Morgan Keegan & Co.
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983) (no distinction required).
cited
Cited "but see"
Bumgarner v. Blue Cross & Blue Shield of Kansas, Inc.
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited
Cited "but see"
Smith v. MCI Telecommunications Corp.
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed. 2d 1014 (1983).
cited
Cited "but see"
Levine v. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 987-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed
Cited "but see"
Abelson v. Strong
Bennett v. United States Trust Co. of New York, 770 F.2d 308, 315 (2d Cir.1985) (citing cases), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 106 S.Ct. 800 , 88 L.Ed.2d 776 (1986); but see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed
Cited "but see"
United States v. George I. Benny
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 987-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983) (corporation may be both liable “person” and related “enterprise”).
discussed
Cited "but see"
Grant v. Union Bank
But see United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.) (“A corporation may be simultaneously both a defendant and the enterprise under RICO.”), reh. denied, 688 F.2d 852 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed
Cited "but see"
Fustok v. Conticommodity Services, Inc.
Hirsch v. Enright Refining Company, Inc., 751 F.2d 628, 633-34 (3rd Cir.1984); Haroco v. American National Bank and Trust Company, 747 F.2d 384, 399-402 (7th Cir.1984), aff'd on other grounds, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 3291 , 87 L.Ed.2d 437 (1985); United States v. Computer Sciences Corp., 689 F.2d 1181, 1190-91 (4th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1105 , 103 S.Ct. 729 , 74 L.Ed.2d 953 (1983); Bennet v. Berg, 685 F.2d 1053, 1061-62 (8th Cir.1982), aff'd on rehearing, 710 F.2d 1361 (en banc), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 1008 , 104 S.Ct. 527 , 78 L.Ed.2d 710 (1983); but see United States v. Hartley, 67…
discussed
Cited "but see"
Richard D. BENNETT and Carole A. Bennett, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. UNITED STATES TRUST COMPANY OF NEW YORK, Defendant-Appellee
a corporation may be simultaneously both a defendant and the enterprise under rico.
discussed
Cited "but see"
Kaufman v. Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A.
But cf. United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 990 (11th Cir.1982) (a corporate defendant can be simultaneously named as the “enterprise”), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Hirsch v. Enright, 577 F.Supp. 339 (D.N.J.
discussed
Cited "but see"
Bulk Oil (Zug) AG v. Sun Co., Inc.
But cf. United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983) (corporation may be both criminal defendant and enterprise); D ’lorio v. Adonizio, 554 F.Supp. 222, 232-33 (M.D.Pa.1982) (enterprise may be named a civil defendant when alleged to have been operated by directors and controlling partners through a pattern of racketeering activity).
discussed
Cited "see"
Moore v. Hofbauer
See Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629, 634 (7th Cir.1982), cert, denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 (1983) (citing Barker v. Wingo, 407 U.S. 514, 530 , 92 S.Ct. 2182 , 33 L.Ed.2d 101 (1972)).
cited
Cited "see"
DeWane v. McGinty (In Re McGinty)
See, United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited
Cited "see"
Hoefer v. Fluor Daniel, Inc.
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 971-72 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983). 5 .
cited
Cited "see"
Hoefer v. Fluor Daniel, Inc.
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 971-72 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983). 5 .
cited
Cited "see"
Kimberlin v. Dewalt
See Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 (1983). 48 .
cited
Cited "see"
Marshall v. City of Atlanta (In re Air Terminal Enterprises, Inc.)
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986 , reh’g denied, 688 F.2d 852 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); see also 18 U.S.C. § 1961 (4).
cited
Cited "see"
Marshall v. City of Atlanta
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986 , reh'g denied, 688 F.2d 852 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); see also 18 U.S.C. § 1961 (4).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Hernan Francisco Perez-Tosta, Gustavo Javier Correa-Patino, Erasmo Perez-Aguilera, Luis Guillermo Rojas-Valdez
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 977 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); compare Fed.R.Crim.P. 16(d)(2) 'with Fed.R.Evid. 404(b).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Lively
See United States v. Scarfo, 685 F.2d 842, 849 (3d Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited
Cited "see"
Yellow Bus Lines, Inc. v. Drivers, Chauffeurs & Helpers Local Union 639 James F. Woodward v. Michael Dipalermo Maria Triggs, Secretary/treasurer, Yellow Bus Lines
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 989-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited
Cited "see"
Yellow Bus Lines, Inc. v. Drivers, Chauffeurs & Helpers Local Union 639
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 989-90 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Gambino
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 992 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Aleman, 609 F.2d 298, 306 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 946 , 100 S.Ct. 1345 , 63 L.Ed.2d 780 (1980); United States v. Rone, 598 F.2d 564, 571 (9th Cir. 1979).
cited
Cited "see"
Posey v. Bank of Shaw (In Re Posey)
See, United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Jose Antonio Giraldo
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 977 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Fed.R.Crim.P. 16 Advisory Committee Note.
discussed
Cited "see"
State v. Johnson
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Rone, 598 F.2d 564 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 946 , 100 S.Ct. 1345 , 63 L.Ed.2d 780 (1980).
cited
Cited "see"
Faheem-El v. Klincar
See Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629, 634 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 (1983).
cited
Cited "see"
Faheem-El v. Klincar
See Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629, 634-35 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 (1983).
cited
Cited "see"
Willamette Savings & Loan v. Blake & Neal Finance Co.
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986-90 (11th Cir. 1982) , cert. denied, — U.S.-, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); D’lorio, 554 F.Supp. at 232-33 .
cited
Cited "see"
Mauriber v. Shearson/American Express, Inc.
See United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 968-72 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Dussouy v. Gulf Coast Inv.
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Doamarel
United States v. Molt, 615 F.2d 141, 145 (3d Cir.1980) (quoting Fahy v. Connecticut, 375 U.S. 85, 86-87 , 84 S.Ct. 229, 230-231 , 11 L.Ed.2d 171 (1963), and citing Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. at 22, 24 , 87 S.Ct. at 827, 828 ); see United States v. Scarfo, 685 F.2d 842, 845-46 (3d Cir.1982), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Downie v. Klincar
Id. at 483 , 92 S.Ct. at 2601 ; see also Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F.2d 629, 633 (7th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1013 (1983); United States ex rel.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
In Re Wedtech Corp.
Compare Medallion TV Enterprises, Inc. v. SelectTV of California, Inc., 627 F.Supp. 1290, 1294-95 (C.D.Cal.1986) (collecting cases), affirmed, 833 F.2d 1360 (9th Cir.1987) (separate person) with United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 988 (11th Cir.1982), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 1183, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 834, 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 , 1027 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Gerardo v. NJ State Parole Bd.
See also Hanahan v. Luther, 693 F. 2d 629, 635 (7th Cir.1982), cert. den. 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed. 2d 1013 (1983) *452 (eight month delay in parole revocation hearing not violative of due process).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Minnesota Odd Fellows Home Foundation v. Engler & Budd Co.
Compare Bennett v. Berg with United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir. 1982) (entity “may be simultaneously both a defendant and the enterprise under RICO”), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Schofield v. First Commodity Corp. of Boston
See, e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 987-90 (11th Cir.1982) (corporation can be defendant and “enterprise” in criminal RICO prosecution), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 1183, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 834, 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Bernstein v. IDT Corp., 582 F.Supp. 1079, 1082-84 (D.Del.1984) (respondeat superior applies in civil RICO case to make employer/“enterprise” potentially liable for violations of employee/“person”); B.F.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Griffin v. O'Neal, Jones & Feldman, Inc.
See, e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Benny, 559 F.Supp. 264 (N.D.Cal.1983). 4 But a sufficient number has approved and adopted our reasoning, 5 and we are satisfied that, until a contrary decision issues from our parent circuit or the Supreme Court, our thinking remains sound.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Tommy Lynn Weathersby v. Conoco Oil Company, Conoco Oil Company v. Global Marine, and National Supply Company
Note, Contractual Indemnity Under Maritime and Louisiana Law, 43 La.L.Rev. 189 (1982); see also Boudreaux v. American Workover, Inc., 664 F.2d 463, 466 (5th Cir.1981), on reh’g en banc, 680 F.2d 1034 (5th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); Pippen v. Shell Oil Co., 661 F.2d 378, 384 (5th Cir.1981). 2 .
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
United States of America, Cross-Appellant v. Frank Romano and Thomas Romano, Cross-Appellees. In Re United States of America
See e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Saine v. A.I.A., Inc.
See, e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 986-90 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170 , 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Benny, 559 F.Supp. 264 (N.D.Cal.1983).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Barbara Gottesman
See, e.g., United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 815 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1983); United States v. Martino, 648 F.2d 367, 380 (5th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 943 , 102 S.Ct. 2006 , 72 L.Ed.2d 465 (1982). 3 *1522 It is clear from the record that Gottesman and her husband had operated the National Film Company for many years as distributors of pornographic films, and that they used the auspices of that company to commit two acts of racketeering — the two 18 U.S.C. § 2814 violations.
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Hanahan
v.
Luther, Warden
v.
Luther, Warden
No. 82-557.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Jan 24, 1983.
Cited by 1 opinion | Published
Citer courts: Second Circuit (1)
C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.