Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dep't, 493 U.S. 850 (1989). · Go Syfert
Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dep't, 493 U.S. 850 (1989). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
246 citation events (72 in the last 25 years) across 59 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: JANE DOE NO. 991 v. PAUL CHEFF & Others. (massappct, 2025-07-30)
Treatment trajectory · 1989 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1989 2007 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 43 distinct citers. How cited ↗
examined Cited as authority (quoted) JANE DOE NO. 991 v. PAUL CHEFF & Others.
Mass. App. Ct. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
where the supervisory officials allegedly had, or should have had, knowledge of a public employee's assaultive behavior, it is the supervisors' conduct, rather than the employee's intentional conduct, that is the true focus of the case
examined Cited as authority (quoted) Adams v. Adams (2×)
Mass. · 2011 · quote attribution · 2 verbatim quotes · confidence low
driscoll points to no case in this commonwealth in which the decision of a judge not to bifurcate a civil proceeding has been the ground for reversal. furthermore, driscoll has cited no such reversal by any other jurisdiction
discussed Cited "see" TOWN OF HOLDEN v. DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION AND RECREATION & Another.
Mass. App. Ct. · 2025 · signal: see · confidence high
See Dobos v. Driscoll, 404 Mass. 634, 656 , cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989) (articulating standard for reviewing judge's denial of motion for judgment n.o.v.).
cited Cited "see" Theisz v. Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority
Mass. App. Ct. · 2024 · signal: see · confidence high
See Dobos v. Driscoll, 404 Mass. 634, 653 , cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989); Doe v. Blandford, 402 Mass. 831, 836-838 (1988) (Blandford).
cited Cited "see" GEORGE FRANCISCO v. ROBERT PETTIE & Another.
Mass. App. Ct. · 2023 · signal: see · confidence high
See Dobos v. Driscoll, 404 Mass. 634, 656 , cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989).
cited Cited "see" Hart v. Union County
W.D.N.C. · 2020 · signal: see · confidence high
See Milburn v. Anne Arundel County Dep't of Social Servs., 871 F.2d 474 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989).
cited Cited "see" Hart v. Union County
W.D.N.C. · 2020 · signal: see · confidence high
See Milburn v. Anne Arundel County Dep't of Social Servs., 871 F.2d 474 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989).
cited Cited "see" Velazquez v. Poole
E.D.N.Y · 2007 · signal: see · confidence high
See Mirrer v. Smyley, 703 F.Supp. 10, 11-12 (S.D.N.Y.), aff'd, 876 F.2d 890 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989).
discussed Cited "see" Lightner v. City of Wilmington, North Carolina
E.D.N.C. · 2007 · signal: see · confidence high
See Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dept., 868 F.2d 1364, 1369 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 147 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989) (holding the plaintiff could not maintain age discrimination claim under section 1983).
cited Cited "see" Zhenlu Zhang v. Science & Technology Corp.
D. Maryland · 2004 · signal: see · confidence high
See Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dep’t, 868 F.2d 1364, 1366 (4th Cir.) (citing 29 U.S.C. § 626 (d)), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 147 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989).
cited Cited "see" Rudolph v. Adamar of New Jersey, Inc.
D.N.J. · 2001 · signal: see · confidence high
See Fitchik v. New Jersey Transit Rail Operations, Inc., 873 F.2d 655, 659 (3d Cir.1989), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 107 (1989).
discussed Cited "see" Beck v. City of Durham
M.D.N.C. · 2000 · signal: see · confidence high
See Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dep’t, 868 F.2d 1364, 1366 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 147 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989); Burch v. Apalachee Community Mental Health Services, Inc., 840 F.2d 797, 800 (11th Cir.1988), aff'd Zinermon v. Burch, 494 U.S. 113 , 110 S.Ct. 975 , 108 L.Ed.2d 100 (1990).
discussed Cited "see" Manzi v. DiCarlo
E.D.N.Y · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dept., 868 F.2d 1364, 1369 (4th Cir.1989), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 147 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989); Lafleur v. Texas Dept. of Health, 126 F.3d 758, 760 (5th Cir.1997); Ray v. Nimmo, 704 F.2d 1480, 1485 (11th Cir.1983).
discussed Cited "see" Reed v. Town of Branford
D. Conn. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Department, 868 F.2d 1364, 1369 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 147 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989); Ray v. Nimmo, 704 F.2d 1480, 1485 (11th Cir.1983); Paterson v. Weinberger, 644 F.2d 521, 524-25 (5th Cir.1981).
cited Cited "see" Evans v. Avery
1st Cir. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See de Feliciano v. de Jesus, 873 ___ _____________ _________ F.2d 447, 449 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989). _____ ______ IV.
cited Cited "see" Evans v. Avery
1st Cir. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See de Feliciano v. de Jesus, 873 F.2d 447, 449 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 107 (1989).
cited Cited "see" Joyce Brooks Janes v. Bardstown City Schools Board of Education
6th Cir. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dept., 868 F.2d 1364, 1366-69 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989).
cited Cited "see" Jeffrey L. Force, a Single Man v. City of Phoenix, a Municipal Corporation
9th Cir. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dep't, 868 F.2d 1364, 1369 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , and Thorne v. City of El Segundo, 726 F.2d 459 , 470 n. 10 (9th Cir.1983).
cited Cited "see" New Jersey, Department of Environmental Protection v. Gloucester Environmental Management Services, Inc.
D.N.J. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Fitchik v. New Jersey Transit Rail Operations, Inc., 873 F.2d 655 (3d Cir.) (en banc), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 107 (1989).
cited Cited "see" Hughes v. Bedsole
4th Cir. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dep’t, 868 F.2d 1364, 1366 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 147 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989).
cited Cited "see" Hughes v. Bedsole
4th Cir. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dep't, 868 F.2d 1364, 1366 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 147 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989).
discussed Cited "see" Horta v. Sullivan
1st Cir. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See Dobos v. Driscoll, 404 Mass. 634 , 537 N.E.2d 558, 568 , ___ _____ ________ cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989); Pina, 510 N.E.2d at 256 . ____________ ____ Moreover, appellant has no adequate alternative remedy for her injuries, Whitney, 366 N.E.2d at 1217 , except perhaps to _______ sue the estate of the motorcycle operator.
cited Cited "see" Horta v. Sullivan
1st Cir. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See Dobos v. Driscoll, 404 Mass. 634 , 537 N.E.2d 558, 568 , cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989); Pina, 510 N.E.2d at 256 .
discussed Cited "see" Virgin Islands Port Authority v. Balfour Beatty, Inc.
D.V.I. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
Peters, 16 F.3d at 1350 (citing Bolden, 953 F.2d at 816); see Fitchik v. New Jersey Transit Rail Operations, Inc., 873 F.2d 655, 659 (3d Cir.) (noting that single most important question is whether judgment would be paid by state treasury), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989).
cited Cited "see" Debra Horta v. Charles B. Sullivan
1st Cir. · 1993 · signal: see · confidence high
See Dobos v. Driscoll, 404 Mass. 634 , 537 N.E.2d 558, 568 , cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 149 , 107 L.Ed.2d 107 (1989); Pina, 510 N.E.2d at 256 .
discussed Cited "see" Metcalf & Eddy, Inc. v. Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority
1st Cir. · 1993 · signal: accord · confidence high
Id. at 280 , 97 S.Ct. at 573 ; accord Fitchik v. New Jersey Transit Rail Operations, Inc., 873 F.2d 655, 660 (3d Cir.) (denying immunity to a regional rail authority despite state funding while noting “that an entity derives some of its income from the state does not mean that it is entitled to partake of the state’s immunity”), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 107 (1989); see also Blake v. Kline, 612 F.2d 718, 723 (3d Cir.1979) (recognizing that “the nature of the state’s obligation to contribute may be more important than the size of the contribution”), ce…
cited Cited "see" Marrero Rivera v. Department of Justice
D.P.R. · 1993 · signal: see · confidence high
See De Feliciano v. de Jesús, 873 F.2d 447, 452 (1st Cir.1989), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 107 (1989); Rosario-Torres v. Hernández-Colón, 889 F.2d 314 (1st Cir.1989).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." McGhee v. POTTAWATTAMIE COUNTY, IA
S.D. Iowa · 2007 · signal: see also · confidence low
See Garcia v. Salt Lake County, 768 F.2d 303, 310 (10th Cir.1985); see also De *925 Feliciano v. De Jesus, 873 F.2d 447, 450 (1st Cir.1989) (recognizing that a jury’s verdict exonerating individual defendants for unconstitutional termination of a plaintiffs employment may be reconcilable with a verdict holding the municipal entity liable for the violation), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 107 (1989).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Roger D. Speer v. City of Wynne, AR
8th Cir. · 2002 · signal: see also · confidence low
See Garcia v. Salt Lake County, 768 F.2d 303, 310 (10th Cir. 1985); see also De Feliciano v. De Jesus, 873 F.2d 447, 450 (1st Cir.) (recognizing that a jury's verdict exonerating individual defendants for unconstitutional termination of a plaintiff's employment may be reconcilable with a verdict holding the municipal entity liable for the violation), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Roger D. Speer v. City of Wynne, Arkansas, Roger D. Speer v. Danny Glover, Individually and as Deputy Prosecuting Attorney
8th Cir. · 2002 · signal: see also · confidence low
See Garcia v. Salt Lake County, 768 F.2d 303, 310 (10th Cir.1985); see also De Feliciano v. De Jesus, 873 F.2d 447, 450 (1st Cir.) (recognizing that a jury’s verdict exonerating individual defendants for unconstitutional termination of a plaintiffs employment may be reconcilable with a verdict holding the municipal entity liable for the violation), ce rt. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 107 (1989).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Vicenty Martell v. Estado Libre Asociado De Puerto Rico
D.P.R. · 1999 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dep’t, 868 F.2d 1364, 1369 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 147 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989) (ADEA); Migneault v. Peck, 158 F.3d 1131, 1140 (10th Cir.1998) (ADEA); Holbrook v. City of Alpharetta, 112 F.3d 1522, 1531 (11th Cir.1997) (ADA).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Carmen v. San Francisco Unified School District
N.D. Cal. · 1997 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dep’t, 868 F.2d 1364, 1370-71 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 147 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989); Santiago v. New York State Dep’t of Correctional Servs., 725 F.Supp. 780 (S.D.N.Y.1989), rev’d on other grounds, 945 F.2d 25 (2d Cir.1991); Culler v. South Carolina Dep’t of Soc.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Miracle ex rel. Miracle v. Spooner
N.D. Ga. · 1997 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See e.g., Milburn by Milburn v. Anne Arundel County Dep't of Social Servs., 871 F.2d 474, 476 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989); Walton v. Alexander, 44 F.3d 1297, 1303-04 (5th Cir.1995) (en banc). .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." MIRACLE BY MIRACLE v. Spooner
N.D. Ga. · 1997 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See e.g., Milburn by Milburn v. Anne Arundel County Dep't of Social Servs., 871 F.2d 474 , 476 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989); Walton v. Alexander, 44 F.3d 1297, 1303-04 (5th Cir. 1995) (en banc). [6] The Court already has granted the Defendants' Motion for Summary Judgment on Plaintiffs' access to the courts claims and conspiracy claims against all the Defendants, and Plaintiffs' substantive due process claims against Defendant Whitney.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Coleman v. Prudential Relocation
W.D.N.Y. · 1997 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dep't, 868 F.2d 1364, 1369 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 147 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989); Ray v. Nimmo, 704 F.2d 1480, 1485 (11th Cir.1983); Paterson v. Weinberger, 644 F.2d 521 (5th Cir.1981). 2 .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Gregor v. Derwinski
W.D.N.Y. · 1996 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Zombro v. Baltimore City Police Dept, 868 F.2d 1364, 1369 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 147 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989); Ray v. Nimmo, 704 F.2d 1480, 1485 (11th Cir.1983); Paterson v. Weinberger, 644 *652 F.2d 521 (5th Cir.1981).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Rini v. Zwirn
E.D.N.Y · 1995 · signal: see also · confidence low
See Wintz v. Port Authority of New York & New Jersey, 551 F.Supp. 1323 (S.D.N.Y.1982) (section 1985 would not apply unless plaintiff could show that external parties were involved) (citing Girard, 530 F.2d 66 (2d Cir.1976)); Davidson v. Yeshiva University, 555 F.Supp. 75, 79 (S.D.N.Y.1982) (employees of university could not conspire with university under § 1985) (also citing Girard); Liebemian v. Gant, 474 F.Supp. 848 (D.Conn.1979) (intracorporate immunity where each of the defendants acted within scope of their official position), aff 'd, 630 F.2d 60 (2d Cir.1980); see also Zombro v. Baltimo…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United Auto Workers, Local 5285 v. Gaston Festivals, Incorporated
4th Cir. · 1995 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also Milburn v. Anne Arundel County Dep’t of Social Servs., 871 F.2d 474, 479 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989) (“care of foster children” not considered traditionally and exclusively a governmental function).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Wells v. State (2×)
Md. Ct. Spec. App. · 1994 · signal: see also · confidence low
But they should not have it thrust upon them by this Court’s expansion of the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.” 489 U.S. at 203 , 109 S.Ct. at 1007 ; see also Milburn v. Anne Arundel County DSS, 871 F.2d 474 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Acevedo Diaz v. Aponte
1st Cir. · 1993 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare DeFeliciano v. DeJesus, 873 F.2d 447, 452 (1st Cir.) (citing cases in which employee was completely exonerated, but employer, whose liability could only derive from employee's liability, was found liable), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989). 27
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Acevedo Diaz v. Aponte
1st Cir. · 1993 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare DeFeliciano v. DeJesus, 873 F.2d 447, 452 (1st _______ ___________ _______ Cir.) (citing cases in which employee was completely exonerated, but employer, whose liability could only derive from employee's liability, was found liable), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 (1989). ____ ______ 27
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Franco Acevedo-Diaz v. Jose E. Aponte, Ada N. Perez, Franco Acevedo-Diaz v. Jose E. Aponte, Dorotea Collazo Rivera
1st Cir. · 1993 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare DeFeliciano v. DeJesus, 873 F.2d 447, 452 (1st Cir.) (citing cases in which employee was completely exonerated, but employer, whose liability could only derive from employee’s liability, was found liable), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 148 , 107 L.Ed.2d 107 (1989).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Schneeweis v. Jacobs
E.D. Va. · 1991 · signal: see also · confidence low
Clark v. Whiting, 607 F.2d 634, 638-39 (4th Cir.1979); see also Zombro v. Balti *739 more City Police Dept., 868 F.2d 1364, 1371 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 850 , 110 S.Ct. 147 , 107 L.Ed.2d 106 (1989) (applying Clark to hold that age discrimination claim was not justiciable).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Zombro
v.
Baltimore City Police Department
No. 89-93.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Oct 2, 1989.
493 U.S. 850

C. A. 4th Cir. Certiorari denied.