J. L. Simmons Co. v. Local 742, 404 U.S. 986 (1971). · Go Syfert
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J. L. Simmons Co. v. Local 742, 404 U.S. 986 (1971). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
“in many eases the only available avenue of proof is the use of racial statistics to uncover clandestine and covert discrimination by the employer.”
294 citation events (2 in the last 25 years) across 44 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. O & G Spring & Wire Forms Specialty Co. (ilnd, 1988-12-14)
Treatment trajectory · 1971 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1971 1998 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 36 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. O & G Spring & Wire Forms Specialty Co.
N.D. Ill. · 1988 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
in many eases the only available avenue of proof is the use of racial statistics to uncover clandestine and covert discrimination by the employer.
discussed Cited "see" National Ass'n for Advancement of Colored People v. Town of East Haven
D. Conn. · 1998 · signal: see · confidence high
NAACP v. Town of East Haven, 70 F.3d 219, 225 (2d Cir.1995) (citing Teamsters, 431 U.S. at 335 n. 15); See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 551 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971); United States v. United Bhd. of Carpenters and Joiners, 457 F.2d 210, 214 (7th Cir.) cert. denied 409 U.S. 851 , 93 S.Ct. 63 , 34 L.Ed.2d 94 (1972).
cited Cited "see" Padilla v. United Air Lines
D. Colo. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 553 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
discussed Cited "see" State v. Williams
N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. 16,179 Molso Italian .22 Caliber Winlee Derringer Convertible Starter Guns, 443 F.2d 463 , 465 (2d Cir.1971), cert. den., 404 U.S. 983 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971); Ridley v. State, 441 So.2d 188, 189 (Fla.App.1983); Commonwealth v. Melvin, 378 Pa.Super. 59, 70-71 , 548 A.2d 275, 280 (1988).
discussed Cited "see" Morris Akerman v. Oryx Communications, Inc.
2d Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 551 (9th Cir.) ("use [of statistical comparisons] is conditioned by the existence of proper supportive facts and the absence of variables which undermine the reasonableness of the inference[s] ... drawn"), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
discussed Cited "see" Akerman v. Oryx Communications, Inc.
2d Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 551 (9th Cir.) (“use [of statistical comparisons] is conditioned by the existence of proper supportive facts and the absence of variables which undermine the reasonableness of the inference[s] ... drawn”), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. City of Philadelphia
E.D. Pa. · 1980 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 9 Cir. 1971, 443 F.2d 544, 551-52 , cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).” The proposed consent decree provides comprehensive relief for females in the Philadelphia Police Department.
cited Cited "see" Gay v. Waiters' & Dairy Lunchmen's Union, Local No. 30
N.D. Cal. · 1980 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544 , 551 n.19 (9th Cir.), cert. denied 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971); Smith v. Union Oil Co., 17 Fair Empl.
cited Cited "see" Gay v. WAITERS'AND DAIRY LUNCHMEN'S UNION, LOCAL NO. 30
N.D. Cal. · 1980 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544 , 551 n.19 (9th Cir.), cert. denied 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971); Smith v. Union Oil Co., 17 Fair Empl.
cited Cited "see" Thomas D. Newberry v. United States
5th Cir. · 1977 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544 (9 Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971); Summers v. Watkins Motor Lines, 323 F.2d 120 (4 Cir. 1963).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Carl Hillstrom, Henry Keppel, Loren Stockton, Leonard Stockton, Richard Darrow and Robert Savko
5th Cir. · 1976 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Hancock, 441 F.2d 1285 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 833 , 92 S.Ct. 81 , 30 L.Ed.2d 63 , reh. denied, 404 U.S. 987 , 92 S.Ct. 444 , 30 L.Ed.2d 371 (1971). .Reasonable minds could conclude that the evidence is inconsistent with the hypothesis of the accuseds’ innocence, United States v. Ragano, 520 F.2d 1191 (5th Cir. 1975), and therefore it was not error to deny defendants’ motion for a judgment of acquittal.
cited Cited "see" United States v. Allegheny-Ludlum Industries, Inc.
5th Cir. · 1975 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 9 Cir. 1971, 443 F.2d 544, 551-52 , cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
discussed Cited "see" 11 Fair empl.prac.cas. 167, 10 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 10,368 United States of America v. Allegheny-Ludlum Industries, Inc., Sidney S. Harris, Intervenors-Appellants, National Organization for Women, Inc., Movants-Appellants
5th Cir. · 1975 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 9 Cir. 1971, 443 F.2d 544, 551-52 , cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971). 39 We have studied closely the language of the two sections in reaching the foregoing conclusions.
cited Cited "see" Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Local 638
S.D.N.Y. · 1975 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 551 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971). 13 .
discussed Cited "see" Local No. 433, United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, Afl--Cio v. National Labor Relations Board (2×)
D.C. Cir. · 1974 · signal: see · confidence high
See Local 742, Carpenters and Joiners v. NLRB, 144 U.S.App.D.C. 20 , 444 F.2d 895 , cert. denied, 404 U.S. 986 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 371 (1971) ; Plumber’s Local Union No. 636 v. NLRB, 139 U.S.App.D.C. 165 , 430 F.2d 906 (1970) ; Western Monolithics Concrete Products, Inc. v. NLRB, 446 F.2d 522 (9th Cir. 1971) ; American Boiler Mfrs.
cited Cited "see" 8 Fair empl.prac.cas. 293, 8 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 9488 George Rios v. Enterprise Association Steamfitters Local 638 of U.A., United Atates of America v. Enterprise Association Steamfitters Local 638 of U.A.
2d Cir. · 1974 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
discussed Cited "see" Rios v. Enterprise Ass'n Steamfitters Local 638 of U.A. (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
2d Cir. · 1974 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
discussed Cited "see" Gary Knecht v. James N. Gillman
8th Cir. · 1973 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 553 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971); Parham v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Co., 433 F.2d 421, 428 (8th Cir. 1970) and eases cited therein.
discussed Cited "see" UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Robert SCHWARTZ, Appellant
2d Cir. · 1972 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. 16,179 Molso Italian .22 Caliber Winless Derringer Convertible Starter Guns, 443 F.2d 463 , 466 (2 Cir. 1971), (cert. denied, 404 U.S. 983 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971)).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. St. Louis-San Francisco Railway Co.
8th Cir. · 1972 · signal: see · confidence high
Parham v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Co., supra, 433 F.2d at 428 ; see United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 553 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
discussed Cited "see" 4 Fair empl.prac.cas. 853, 4 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 7862 United States of America v. St. Louis-San Francisco Railway Company and United Transportation Union, Successor to Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen
8th Cir. · 1972 · signal: see · confidence high
Parham v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Co., supra, 433 F.2d at 428 ; see United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 553 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
cited Cited "see" United States v. John J. Ruisi and Dorothy C. Korn
2d Cir. · 1972 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. 16,179 Molso Italian .22 Caliber Winlee Derringer Convertible Starter Guns, 443 F.2d 463 , 466 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 983 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Barno
D.D.C. · 1972 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. 16,179 Molso Italian, .22 Caliber Winlee Derringer Convertible Starter Guns, 314 F.Supp. 179 , affirmed, 2 Cir., 443 F.2d 463 , cert. denied, 404 U.S. 983 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." John D. Morris v. Constance Berry Newman, Director, Office of Personnel Management James J. Jura, Administrator, Bonneville Power Administration
9th Cir. · 1995 · signal: see also · confidence low
See Rose v. Wells Fargo & Co., 902 F.2d 1417, 1424 (9th Cir.1990) (stating that in order to establish a prima facie case of disparate impact, a " 'plaintiff must offer statistical evidence of a kind and degree sufficient to show that the practice in question has caused the exclusion of applicants for jobs or promotions because of their membership in a protected group.' ") (citation omitted); see also United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 551 (9th Cir.) (noting that statistics are often "the only available avenue of proof."), cert. denied, 92 S.Ct. 447 (1971).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Steamship Clerks Union, Local 1066
1st Cir. · 1995 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 551 (9th Cir.) (“On the basis that a showing of an absence or a small black union membership in a demographic area containing a substantial number of black workers raises an inference that the racial imbalance is the result of discrimination, the burden of going forward ... is shifted to the accused, for such a showing is enough to establish a prima facie case.”), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971); accord United States v. United Bhd. of Carpenters & Joiners, 457 F.2d 210 , 214. (7th Cir.), cert.…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Atonio v. Wards Cove Packing Co.
9th Cir. · 1993 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 548 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971) (identifying an impact where whites were actively recruited, and nonwhites were given “little or no publicity or information concerning procedures for gaining ... opportunities”).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Atonio v. Wards Cove Packing Company, Inc.
9th Cir. · 1993 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 548 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971) (identifying an impact where whites were actively recruited, and nonwhites were given "little or no publicity or information concerning procedures for gaining ... opportunities").
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Peterson, Howell & Heather, Inc.
D. Maryland · 1989 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., United States v. Local No. 86, International Association of Bridge, Structural, Ornamental and Reinforcing Ironworkers, 315 F.Supp. 1202, 1235 (W.D.Wash.1970), aff' d, 443 F.2d 544 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
cited Cited "see, e.g." The Brook, Inc. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue
2d Cir. · 1986 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also Miami First National Bank v. United States, 443 F.2d 475, 478 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." National Labor Relations Board v. Construction and General Laborers' Union Local No. 534, Laborers' International Union of North America, Afl-Cio, Clc (2×)
6th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see also · confidence low
Boldt v. International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America, 482 F.2d 985, 989 (Temp.Emer.Ct.App.1973); see also Local No. 742, United Bhd. of Carpenters and Joiners of America v. NLRB, 444 F.2d 895 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 986 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 371 *290 (1971).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Seven Miscellaneous Firearms
D.D.C. · 1980 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e. g., United States v. 16,179 Molso Italian 22 Caliber Winlee Derringer Convertible Starter Guns, 314 F.Supp. 179 (E.D.N.Y.1970), aff’d, 443 F.2d 463 (2d Cir.), 404 U.S. 983 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971) (less than 15 minutes held readily convertible).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." International Longshoremen's Association, Afl-Cio and Council of North Atlantic Shipping Associations v. National Labor Relations Board, International Longshoremen's Association, Afl-Cio and Council of North Atlanticshipping Associations v. National Labor Relations Board, Houff Transfer, Inc., Intervenor. International Longshoremen's Association, Afl-Cio and New York Shippingassociation, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board (2×)
D.C. Cir. · 1980 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Local 742, United Brhd of Carpenters v. NLRB, 144 U.S.App.D.C. 20, 26 , 444 F.2d 895 , 901, Cert. denied, 404 U.S. 986 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 371 (1971); American Boiler Manufacturers Ass'n v. NLRB, 404 F.2d 547, 552 (8th Cir. 1968), Cert. denied, 398 U.S. 960 , 90 S.Ct. 2162 , 26 L.Ed.2d 546 (1970); NLRB v. Local 28, Sheet Metal Wkrs International Ass'n, 380 F.2d 827 , 830 (2d Cir. 1967) 185 386 U.S. at 645, 87 S.Ct. at 1268-1269 186 429 U.S. at 514-521, 97 S.Ct. 891 187 Four circuits had rejected the right to control test as a departure from National Woodwork's instruction to…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." International Longshoremen's Ass'n v. National Labor Relations Board (2×)
D.C. Cir. · 1979 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Local.742, United Brhd of Carpenters v. NLRB, 144 U.S.App.D.C. 20, 26 , 444 F.2d 895 , 901, cert. denied, 404 U.S. 986 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 371 (1971); American Boiler Manufacturers Ass’n v. NLRB, 404 F.2d 547, 552 (8th Cir. 1968), cert. denied, 398 U.S. 960 , 90 S.Ct. 2162 , 26 L.Ed.2d 546 (1970); NLRB v. Local 28, Sheet Metal Wkrs International Ass’n, 380 F.2d 827, 830 (2d Cir. 1967). . 386 U.S. at 645, 87 S.Ct. at 1268-1269. . 429 U.S. at 514-521, 97 S.Ct. 891 . .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. City of Buffalo
W.D.N.Y. · 1978 · signal: see also · confidence low
See Teamsters v. United States, 431 U.S. 324 , 336 n. 20, 97 S.Ct. 1843 , 52 L.Ed.2d 396 (1977); see also United States v. Ironworkers Local 86, 443 F.2d 544, 552 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Container Corporation of America and Montgomery Ward & Co., Incorporated v. Admiral Merchants Motor Freight, Inc.
7th Cir. · 1974 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also Admiral Merchants Motor Freight, Inc. et al. v. United States, 321 F.Supp. 353 (D.Colo.1971), affmd. 404 U.S. 802 , 92 S.Ct. 51 , 30 L.Ed.2d 37 , rehearing denied 404 U.S. 987 , 92 S.Ct. 443 , 30 L.Ed.2d 371 . 3 .
cited Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Local 638, Enterprise Ass'n of Steam, Hot Water, Hydraulic Sprinkler, Pneumatic Tube, Compressed Air, Ice MacHine, Air Conditioning & General Pipefitters
S.D.N.Y. · 1973 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e. g., United States v. Local 86, Ironworkers, D.C., 315 F.Supp. 1202, 1246 (1970), aff’d, 443 F.2d 544 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 984 , 92 S.Ct. 447 , 30 L.Ed.2d 367 (1971).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
J. L. Simmons Co., Inc.
v.
Local 742, United Brotherhood of Carpenters & Joiners of America
No. 71-357.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Dec 7, 1971.
404 U.S. 986
Are, Brennan, Granted, Should.
Cited by 22 opinions  |  Published
1 passage pin-cited by 1 case
Pinpoint authority: bottom 62%
Citer courts: N.D. Illinois (1)

C. A. D. C. Cir. Motion of Chamber of Commerce of the United States for leave to file a brief as amicus curiae granted.. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Brennan and Mr, Justice White are of the opinion that certiorari should be granted.