Candella v. United States, 415 U.S. 977 (1974). · Go Syfert
Candella v. United States, 415 U.S. 977 (1974). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
“cjourts will simply no longer accept conclusory and generalized allegations of exemptions ... but will require a relatively detailed analysis in manageable segments.”
970 citation events (261 in the last 25 years) across 84 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Lahr v. National Transportation Safety Board (cacd, 2006-08-31) · Strongest negative: Beatrice Maynard v. Central Intelligence Agency, Beatrice Maynard v. Central Intelligence Agency (ca1, 1993-02-04)
Treatment trajectory · 1974 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1974 2000 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited "but see" Beatrice Maynard v. Central Intelligence Agency, Beatrice Maynard v. Central Intelligence Agency
1st Cir. · 1993 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see Wiener v. FBI, 943 F.2d 972 , 981 n. 15 (9th Cir.1991) (asking under Executive Order 12356 whether it is reasonable to expect disclosure of a twenty-year-old investigation to reveal the existence of a current intelligence investigation), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 112 S.Ct. 3013 , 120 L.Ed.2d 886 (1992). 10 .The name of these indices is derived from the seminal case, Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974). 11 .
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Lahr v. National Transportation Safety Board
C.D. Cal. · 2006 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
ourts will simply no longer accept conclusory and generalized allegations of exemptions ... but will require a relatively detailed analysis in manageable segments.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Schulz v. Hughes
E.D. Pa. · 2003 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
cjourts will simply no longer accept conclusory and generalized allegations of exemptions ... but will require a relatively detailed analysis in manageable segments.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Long v. United States Department of Justice
N.D.N.Y. · 1998 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
vaughn index
examined Cited as authority (quoted) Brian Dickerson v. Department of Justice (3×) also: Cited "see"
6th Cir. · 1993 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
this lack of knowledge by the party seeking disclosure seriously distorts the traditional adversary nature of our legal system.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Manna v. United States Department of Justice
D.N.J. · 1993 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
vaughn index
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Lame, Anthony v. United States Department of Justice
3rd Cir. · 1985 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
vaughn 7
discussed Cited as authority (rule) American Civil Liberties Union Foundation of Northern California, Inc. v. Deukmejian
Cal. · 1982 · confidence medium
Cir.1970) 424 F.2d 935, 938 , fn. omitted, cert. den., 400 U.S. 824 [ 24 L.Ed.2d 52 , 91 S.Ct. 46 ]; see also Dept. of Air Force v. Rose (1976) 425 U.S. 352, 361, 366 [ 48 L.Ed.2d 11, 21, 24 , 96 S.Ct. 1592 ]; Vaughn v. Rosen, supra, 484 F.2d 820, 823 , cert. den., 415 U.S. 977 *462 [ 39 L.Ed.2d 873 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 ].) This, of course, is the very same Freedom of Information Act whose "judicial construction and legislative history ... serve to illuminate the interpretation of its California counterpart." (Maj. opn., ante, at p. 447.) While I agree with the majority as to the scope of Exemption…
discussed Cited "see" Buckley v. U. S. Department of Justice
W.D.N.Y. · 2023 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 826-27 (D.C.Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 (1974) (requiring government agency, in responding to FOIA request, prepare a list of documents withheld as exempt, either in full or in part, and furnish detailed justification for the asserted exemptions). 2 An Amended Decision and Order correcting several typographical errors was filed on December 16, 2021 (Dkt. 32). aware of the FBI’s handling of Plaintiff’s FOIA request for records related to himself.
discussed Cited "see" Pickering v. U. S. Department of Justice
W.D.N.Y. · 2021 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 826-27 (D.C.Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 (1974) (requiring government agency, in responding to FOIA request, prepare a list of documents withheld as exempt, either in full or in part, and furnish detailed justification for the asserted exemptions). 2 Taken from the pleadings and motion papers filed in this action. that were prepared, received, transmitted, collected or maintained by the FBI, the Terrorist Screening Center, the National Joint Terrorism Task Force, or any Joint Terrorism Task Force (“FOIA Request”).
discussed Cited "see" Buckley v. U. S. Department of Justice
W.D.N.Y. · 2021 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 826-27 (D.C.Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 (1974) (requiring government agency, in responding to FOIA request, prepare a list of documents withheld as exempt, either in full or in part, and furnish detailed justification for the asserted exemptions).
discussed Cited "see" Miccosukee Tribe of Indians v. United States Department of Justice
S.D. Fla. · 2015 · signal: see · confidence high
See Stephenson v. Internal Revenue Serv., 629 F.2d 1140, 1145 (5th Cir.1980) (citing Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974), on appeal from remand, 523 F.2d 1136 (D.C.Cir.1975)). .
discussed Cited "see" Brown v. Perez
D. Colo. · 2014 · signal: see · confidence high
Anderson v. Dep’t. of Health & Human Serv., 907 F.2d 936, 940, n. 3 (10th Cir.1990); see Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974). .
cited Cited "see" Charleston Gazette v. Smithers
W. Va. · 2013 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), ce rt. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974). .
discussed Cited "see" Mingo v. United States Department of Justice
D.D.C. · 2011 · signal: see · confidence high
The Court may award summary judgment to an agency solely on the information provided in affidavits or declarations when they describe “the justifications for nondisclosure with reasonably specific detail, demonstrate that the information withheld logically falls within the claimed exemption, and are not controverted by either contrary evidence in the record nor by evidence of agency bad faith.” Larson v. Dep’t of State, 565 F.3d 857, 862 (D.C.Cir.2009) (quoting Miller v. Casey, 730 F.2d 773, 776 (D.C.Cir.1984)); accord Military Audit Project v. Casey, 656 F.2d 724, 738 (D.C.Cir.1981); se…
cited Cited "see" Physicians for Human Rights v. U.S. Department of Defense
D.D.C. · 2009 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), ce rt. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974). 4 .
cited Cited "see" Bear v. Cuna Mutual Group
D.S.D. · 2009 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 826-28 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" COMM. WORKERS OF AM. v. McCormac
N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. · 2008 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F. 2d 820, 826-28 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed. 2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Thomas v. United States Department of Justice
D.D.C. · 2008 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 827 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974). 3 .
cited Cited "see" Maydak v. U.S. Department of Justice
D.D.C. · 2005 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), ce rt. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974). 3 .
cited Cited "see" Lopez v. Department of Justice
D.C. Cir. · 2005 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 827-28 (D.C.Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Schrecker v. United States Department of Justice
D.C. Cir. · 2003 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 826-28 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
discussed Cited "see" Judicial Watch, Inc. v. Rossotti
D.D.C. · 2003 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 826 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974) (requiring “a relatively detailed analysis [of alleged exempt status] in manageable segments” to allow a court to ensure that claimed exemptions “are adequately justified[.]”).
discussed Cited "see" Maine v. United States Department of the Interior (2×)
D. Me. · 2001 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 827 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974); Church of Scientology, 30 F.3d at 228 ; Maynard, 986 F.2d at 556 .
cited Cited "see" State v. Ballard
N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. · 2000 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F. 2d 820, 826-28 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed. 2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Students Against Genocide v. Department of State
D.D.C. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 827-828 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Bureau of National Affairs, Inc. v. Internal Revenue Service
D.D.C. · 1998 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 826-828 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
discussed Cited "see" Fedrick v. United States Department of Justice
W.D.N.Y. · 1997 · signal: see · confidence high
See 5 U.S.C. § 552a(t)(l), (2) (agency may not rely on exemption contained in one Act to withhold records accessible under the other). 3 . 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Kay v. Federal Communications Commission
D.D.C. · 1997 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 827 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Bezmalinovic
S.D.N.Y. · 1997 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Candella, 487 F.2d 1223, 1227-28 (2d Cir.1973), cer t. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1563 , 39 L.Ed.2d 872 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Edmond v. United States Attorney
D.D.C. · 1997 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Ajluni v. Federal Bureau of Investigation
N.D.N.Y. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), ce rt. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Hunt v. U.S. Marine Corps
D.D.C. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" David D. MINIER, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY, Defendant-Appellee
9th Cir. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 826-28 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974). 4 .
cited Cited "see" Katzman v. Freeh
E.D.N.Y · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Ellis v. United States
D. Utah · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974). 5 .
cited Cited "see" Branch International Services, Inc. v. United States
E.D. Mich. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
discussed Cited "see" Eric Davin v. United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation
3rd Cir. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973) (Vaughn I), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974) 2 In addition to making findings without sufficient evidentiary support, the district court may have also erred in holding that more information was not reasonably segregable.
cited Cited "see" Catherine Cotton v. I. Michael Heyman, Secretary, the Smithsonian Institution
D.C. Cir. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Klaskala v. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
S.D. Fla. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See, Miscavige v. I.R.S., 2 F.3d 366, 367 (11th Cir.1993), citing to, Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. den., 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
discussed Cited "see" Louis Anthony Manna v. United States Department of Justice United States Attorney--District of New Jersey (2×)
3rd Cir. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Michael Ruotolo and Kathleen M. Ruotolo v. Department of Justice, Tax Division
2d Cir. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 828 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Judicial Watch, Inc. v. Clinton
D.D.C. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Kronberg v. U.S. Department of Justice
D.D.C. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 826-27 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974). 4 .
cited Cited "see" McDonnell v. United States
D.N.J. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
discussed Cited "see" Washington Legal Foundation v. United States Sentencing Commission
D.C. Cir. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 827-28 (D.C.Cir.1973), ce rt. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974) (prescribing indexing procedures in FOIA case); Loigman v. Kimmelman, 102 N.J. 98 , 505 A.2d 958, 964-66 (1986) (requiring Vaughn index in common law right of access case).
discussed Cited "see" United States of America, Appellee-Cross-Appellant v. Melvin Lee Davis, Defendant-Appellant-Cross-Appellee
2d Cir. · 1993 · signal: see · confidence high
This distinction is irrelevant because there is no requirement that a false statement be made to the federal agency; it must only have been made in “any matter within the jurisdiction of any department or agency of the United States.” 18 U.S.C. § 1001 (emphasis added); see United States v. Candella, 487 F.2d 1223, 1227 (2d Cir.1973) (“[A] violation of § 1001 does not require that the false statement must actually have been submitted to a department or agency of the United States, but rather that it was contemplated that the statement was to be utilized in a matter which was within the …
cited Cited "see" Quinn v. Department of Health and Human Services
W.D.N.Y. · 1993 · signal: see · confidence high
See Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974). 3 .
discussed Cited "see" McDonnell v. United States
3rd Cir. · 1993 · signal: see · confidence high
See Patterson by Patterson v. FBI, 893 F.2d 595 , 599 n. 7 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 498 U.S. 812 , 111 S.Ct. 48 , 112 L.Ed.2d 24 (1990) (citing Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974)).
cited Cited "see" Woody Voinche v. Federal Bureau of Investigation and U.S. Department of Justice
5th Cir. · 1993 · signal: see · confidence high
See *964 Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820, 828 (D.C.Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 977 , 94 S.Ct. 1564 , 39 L.Ed.2d 873 (1974).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Candella
v.
United States
No. 73-997.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Mar 18, 1974.
415 U.S. 977

C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.