green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 2×
5.8 score
G Cite
cited 2× by 2 distinct cases, last quoted 1981 ·
…uncertainty as to the meaning of the law can be considered in assessing the element of willfulness in a violation of the law
⚠ not in text
Treatment trajectory · 1980 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1980
2003
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 17 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Criticized
Henry v. Halliburton
See e.g., Avins v. White, 627 F.2d 637 (3rd Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 982 , 101 S.Ct. 398 , 66 L.Ed.2d 244 (1982) (broad criticism of law school and its faculty); Buckley v. Littel, 539 F.2d 882 (2nd Cir.1976) cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1062 , 97 S.Ct. 785 , 50 L.Ed.2d 777 (calling someone a “fellow traveler” and “fascist”); Cole v. Westinghouse Broadcasting Co., Inc., 386 Mass. 303 , 435 N.E.2d 1021 , cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1037 , 103 S.Ct. 449 , 74 L.Ed.2d 603 (1982) (criticism that reporter engaged in poor reporting).
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
RKO General, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission
uncertainty as to the meaning of the law can be considered in assessing the element of willfulness in a violation of the law
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Rko General, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission, Multi-State Communications, Inc., Intervenor. Rko General, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission, Fidelity Television, Inc., Multi-State Communications, Inc., Intervenors. Rko General, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission, Fidelity Television, Inc., New England Television Corporation, Dudley Station Corporation, Multi-State Communications, Inc., Community Broadcasting of Boston, Inc., Intervenors
uncertainty as to the meaning of the law can be considered in assessing the element of willfulness in a violation of the law
cited
Cited "see"
State v. Link
See State v. Cason, 596 S.W.2d 436, 440 (Mo.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 982 , 101 S.Ct. 397 , 66 L.Ed.2d 243 (1980); State v. Linzia, 412 S.W.2d 116, 120 (Mo.1967).
cited
Cited "see"
Carden, Raymond C. v. Westinghouse Electric Corporation
See Avins v. White, 627 F.2d 637, 646 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 982 , 101 S.Ct. 398 , 66 L.Ed.2d 244 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Avins v. Moll
See Avins v. White, 627 F.2d 637 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 982 , 101 S.Ct. 398 , 66 L.Ed.2d 244 (1980); Plechner v. Widener College, Inc., 418 F.Supp. 1282 (E.D.Pa.1976), affd 569 F.2d 1250 (3d Cir.1977); 2 Avins v. Hannum, 497 F.Supp. 930 (E.D.Pa.1980); Avins v. Widener College, Inc., 421 F.Supp. 858 (D.Del.1976).
discussed
Cited "see"
Margaret M. Krier-Hawthorne v. Thomas L. Beam and L. Wallace Sink, Administrator of the Estate of Joseph Krier, Deceased
See Hackney v. Newman Memorial Hospital, Inc., 621 F.2d 1069 (10th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 982 , 101 S.Ct. 397 , 66 L.Ed.2d 244 (1980) (administratrix—decedent’s daughter); Woods v. Holy Cross Hospital, 591 F.2d 1164 (5th Cir.1979) (administratrix—decedent’s widow); Sadler v. New Hanover Memorial Hospital, 588 F.2d 914 (4th Cir.1978) (executrix—decedent’s sister, named in will); O’Brien v. Stover, 443 F.2d 1013 (8th Cir.1971) (administratrix—decedent’s daughter, sole heir). .
cited
Cited "see"
Borton, Inc. v. Occupational Safety & Health Administration
See, Volz v. United States Department of Justice, 619 F.2d 49, 50 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 982 (1980).
cited
Cited "see"
Fitzgerald v. Penthouse International, Ltd.
See Avins v. White, 627 F.2d 637, 647-48 (3d Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 982 , 101 S.Ct. 398 , 66 L.Ed.2d 244 (1980).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Gerald Duncan Auto Sales, Inc. v. Russell (In Re Russell)
See, e.g., Yazzie v. Reynolds, 623 F.2d 638 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 982 , 101 S.Ct. 398 , 66 L.Ed.2d 244 (1980); Berryhill v. Rich Plan of Pensacola, 578 F.2d 1092, 1099 (5th Cir.1978).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Leo E. Kingston, Jr.
See, e.g., Hackney v. Newman Memorial Hosp., Inc., 621 F.2d 1069 , 1071 (10th Cir.), cert, denied, 449 U.S. 982 , 101 S.Ct. 397 , 66 L.Ed.2d 244 (1980); Baldridge v. Hadley, 491 F.2d 859, 864 (10th Cir.), cert, denied, 417 U.S. 910 , 94 S.Ct. 2608 , 41 L.Ed.2d 214 (1974); Pacific Royalty Co. v. Williams, 227 F.2d 49, 57 (10th Cir.1955), cert, denied, 351 U.S. 951 , 76 S.Ct. 847 , 100 L.Ed. 1474 (1956). 3 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Smith v. a Pocono Country Place Property Owners Ass'n
See also Avins v. White, 627 F.2d 637 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 982 , 101 S.Ct. 398 , 66 L.Ed.2d 244 (1980) (New York Times privilege extended to private individual criticizing a public figure in the course of commenting on matters germane to accreditation of law school; court did not consider whether New York Times privilege extends to all private individuals regardless of the context in which the alleged defamatory statement is uttered).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Dairy Stores, Inc. v. Sentinel Publishing Co.
(2×)
See, e.g., Avins v. White, 627 F.2d 637, 649 (3rd Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 982 , 101 S.Ct. 398 , 66 L.Ed.2d 244 (1980); Davis v. Schuchat, 510 F.2d 731, 734 (D.C.Cir.1975).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Dunlap v. Wayne
(2×)
See, e.g., Avins v. White, 627 F.2d 637, 642 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 982 , 66 L.
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Dairy Stores, Inc. v. Sentinel Pub. Co., Inc.
See, e.g., Avins v. White, 627 F. 2d 637, 649 (3rd Cir.1980) cert. den. 449 U.S. 982 , 101 S.Ct. 398 , 66 L.Ed. 2d 244 (1980); Davis v. Schuchat, 510 F. 2d 731, 734 (D.C.
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Rodriguez v. Nishiki
See also Avins v. White, 627 F.2d 637, 649 (3d Cir. 1980),cert. denied, 449 U.S. 982 (1980); Davis v. Schuchat, 510 F.2d 731 , 734 n.3 (D.C.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Ryan v. State
(2×)
But, assuming these conflicted with the Code of Professional Responsibility (DR7-103; EC7-14; see, also, EC7-13) or could be thought to justify action to vindicate the victim's reputation (cf. United States v Modica , 663 F.2d 1173, 1185 ), *563 it seems settled that these too could not support an action against the sovereign in this State (see Rao v State of New York , 74 AD2d 964 , mot for lv to app den 50 N.Y.2d 803 , cert den 449 US 982 ; Cunningham v State , 71 AD2d 181 ).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Parker
v.
United States
v.
United States
No. 79-6858.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Nov 10, 1980.
Published
Citer courts: D.C. Circuit (2)
C. A. 5th Cir. Certiorari denied.