green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 4×
12.6 score
G Cite
cited 2× by 1 distinct case, last quoted 1997 ·
…under the circumstances, the allegedly false defamatory editorial statement was 'no more than rhetorical hyperbole,' greenbelt, 398 u.s. at 14 , 90 s.ct. at 1542 , often present in vehement debate
⚠ not in text
cited 2× by 1 distinct case, last quoted 1997 ·
…under the circumstances, the allegedly false defamatory editorial statement was no more than rhetorical hyperbole,' greenbelt, 398 u.s. at 14 , 90 s.ct. at 1542 , often present in vehement debate
⚠ not in text
Treatment trajectory · 1983 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1983
2004
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 45 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited "but see"
Epstein v. Township of Whitehall
Id. at 606 , citing Southern Cooperative Development Fund v. Driggers, 696 F.2d 1347, 1356 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 463 U.S. 1208 , 103 S.Ct. 3539 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1389 (1983); but see, Creative Environments, Inc. v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822 , 832 n. 9 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74 L.Ed.2d 385 (1982) (“... property is not denied without due process of law simply because a local planning board rejects a proposed development for erroneous reasons or makes demands which arguably exceed its authority under the relevant state statutes.") (Emphasis added.) and Chiplin En…
examined
Cited as authority (quoted)
Telnikoff v. Matusevitch
(4×)
under the circumstances, the allegedly false defamatory editorial statement was 'no more than rhetorical hyperbole,' greenbelt, 398 u.s. at 14 , 90 s.ct. at 1542 , often present in vehement debate
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
K. Hovnanian at Taunton, Inc. v. City of Taunton
the creative environments holding has led, in the first circuit, to a long line of land use decisions rejecting the use of 1983 actions.
examined
Cited as authority (quoted)
Herman Corn, Cross-Appellee v. City of Lauderdale Lakes, Cross-Appellant
(2×)
wheeler i
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Coin Call, Inc. v. Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph Co.
it is not enough simply to give ... state law claims constitutional labels such as 'due process' or 'equal protection' in order to raise a substantial federal question under section 1983
discussed
Cited "see"
Larrieux-Cruz v. Consejo de Educacion de Puerto Rico
See, Creative Environments v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822, 833 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 (1982)(articulating formulation); FM Properties Operating Co. v. City of Austin, 93 F.3d 167, 174 (5th Cir. 1996)(“Converting alleged violations of state law into federal … due process claims improperly bootstraps state law into the Constitution); Archie v. Racine, 847 F.2d 1211, 1218 (7th Cir. 1988), cert. denied, 489 U.S. 1065 (1989)(so far as the Due Process Clause is concerned, “[S]tates may enforce, alter, or disregard [state law]”).
discussed
Cited "see"
SAN GERÓNIMO CARIBE PROJECT, INC. v. Vila
See Creative Environments v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822 , 832 n. 9 (stating that “where a state has provided reasonable remedies to rectify a legal error by a local administrative body ... due process has been provided”), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74 L.Ed.2d 385 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
Burnham v. CITY OF SALEM, MASS.
See Creative Environments v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822 , 832 n. 9 (stating that “where a state has provided reasonable remedies to rectify a legal error by a local administrative body ... due process has been provided”), cert denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74 L.Ed.2d 385 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
Federal Labor Relations Authority v. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C., and National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of the Inspector General, Washington, D.C., American Federation of Government Employees, Afl-Cio, Intervenor. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C., and National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of the Inspector General, Washington, D.C. v. Federal Labor Relations Authority, American Federation of Government Employees, Afl-Cio, Intervenor
See New Jersey Air National Guard v. FLRA, 677 F.2d 276 , 283 (3d Cir.) (construing 32 U.S.C. § 709 ), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 988 , 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982) 8 In NRC, the Fourth Circuit held that the union could not require the agency to negotiate rights relating to OIG interviews.
cited
Cited "see"
Federal Labor Relations Authority v. National Aeronautics & Space Administration
See New Jersey Air National Guard v. FLRA, Oil F.2d 276, 283 (3d Cir.) (construing 32 U.S.C. § 709 ), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 988 , 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982). .
discussed
Cited "see"
FLRA v. NASA
See New Jersey Air National Guard v. FLRA, 677 F.2d 276 , 283 (3d Cir.) (construing 32 U.S.C. § 709 ), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 988 , 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982). 8 In NRC, the Fourth Circuit held that the union could not require the agency to negotiate rights relating to OIG interviews.
cited
Cited "see"
Tortora v. Inspector of Buildings
See Creative Envts., Inc. v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822 , 831-832 & n.9 (1st Cir. 1981), cert, denied, 459 U.S. 989 (1982); Chiplin Enterprises, Inc. v. Lebanon, 712 F.2d 1524, 1527 (1st Cir. 1983).
cited
Cited "see"
Tyson v. City of Sunnyvale
See Creative Environments, Inc. v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822, 830 (1st Cir.1982), cert. denied 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74 L.Ed.2d 385 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
Cool Light Company, Inc. v. Gte Products Corporation
(2×)
See Fernandez v. Chardon, 681 F.2d 42, 58 (1st Cir.) (failure to object to jury verdict under Rule 49 prior to discharge of the jury waives right to appeal), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982); Skillin v. Kimball, 643 F.2d 19 (1st Cir.1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Cool Light Company v. GTE Products Corp.
See Fernandez v. Chardon, 681 ___ _____________________ F.2d 42, 58 (1st Cir.) (failure to object to jury verdict under Rule 49 prior to discharge of the jury waives right to appeal), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 (1982); Skillin v. Kimball, 643 F.2d ____________ __________________ 19 (1st Cir. 1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Nestor Colon Medina & Sucesores, Inc. v. Patria G. Custodio
See Creative Environments, Inc. v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822, 832 (1st Cir.1982) (rejecting equal protection and due process claims because “no rival developer advocating [plaintiff’s] ambitious plan would have had more success”), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74 L.Ed.2d 385 (1982); Yale Auto Parts, Inc. v. Johnson, 758 F.2d 54 (2d Cir.1985) (no equal protection violation where junkyard operator alleged zoning board wanted his application “killed” but did not allege others were treated differently); Spence v. Zimmerman, 873 F.2d 256 (11th Cir.1989).
cited
Cited "see"
Norbert C. Pearson, Also Known as Spike v. City of Grand Blanc, J. Larry Tomlinson
See especially Creative Env’ts, Inc. v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822, 833 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74 L.Ed.2d 385 (1982). 25 .
discussed
Cited "see"
Pfz Properties, Inc. v. Rene Alberto Rodriguez, Etc.
(2×)
See Creative Environments v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822 , 832 n. 9 (stating that “where a state has provided reasonable remedies to rectify a legal error by a local administrative body ... due process has been provided”), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74 L.Ed.2d 385 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
McDermott v. Hughley
(2×)
Abell Co. v. Barnes, 258 Md. 56, 58-59 , 265 A.2d 207 (1970); see Capital-Gazette Newspapers, Inc. v. Stack, 293 Md. 528 , 445 A.2d 1038 , cert. denied, Stack v. Capital-Gazette Newspapers, Inc., 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 344 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
Rosenfeld v. Board of Health of Chilmark
See Creative Environments, Inc. v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822, 829 , 831-832 & n.9 (1st Cir. 1981), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 (1982) (planning board permit); Chiplin Enterprises, Inc. v. Lebanon, 712 F.2d 1524, 1527 (1st Cir. 1983) (building permit).
cited
Cited "see"
Department of the Treasury, Bureau of Engraving and Printing v. Federal Labor Relations Authority
See New Jersey Air Nat'l Guard v. FLRA, 677 F.2d 276 , 281-82 n. 6 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 988 , 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
Department Of The Navy v. Federal Labor Relations Authority
See New Jersey Air Nat'l Guard v. FLRA, 677 F.2d 276 , 281-82 n. 6 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 988 , 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982); see also Hi-Craft Clothing Co. v. NLRB, 660 F.2d 910, 916 (3d Cir.1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Department of the Navy v. Federal Labor Relations Authority
See New Jersey Air Nat’l Guard v. FLRA, 677 F.2d 276 , 281-82 n. 6 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 988 , 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982); see also Hi-Craft Clothing Co. v. NLRB, 660 F.2d 910, 916 (3d Cir.1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Morello v. James
See Creative Environments, Inc. v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822 , 832 n. 9 (1st Cir.) (dictum), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74 L.Ed.2d 385 (1982); Riley v. Jeffes, 777 F.2d 143, 147-48 (3d Cir.1985) (pervasive risk of harm in violation of prisoner’s Eighth Amendment rights is actionable under section 1983; similar risk of property loss without due process in violation of Fourteenth Amendment is not); Daniels v. Williams, 720 F.2d 792, 796 (4th Cir.1983) (Parratt analysis applies to deprivations of non-property interests which do not violate substantive constitutional rights), aff…
discussed
Cited "see"
Vincent Morello v. Charles James, J. Nowakawski, Correction Officer, and Thomas A. Coughlin, Commissioner of the New York State Department of Correctional Services, Vincent Morello v. Harold J. Smith, Superintendent, Thomas A. Coughlin, and Unknown Correctional Officers
See Creative Environments, Inc. v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822 , 832 n. 9 (1st Cir.) (dictum), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74 L.Ed.2d 385 (1982); Riley v. Jeffes, 777 F.2d 143, 147-48 (3d Cir.1985) (pervasive risk of harm in violation of prisoner's Eighth Amendment rights is actionable under section 1983; similar risk of property loss without due process in violation of Fourteenth Amendment is not); Daniels v. Williams, 720 F.2d 792, 796 (4th Cir.1983) (Parratt analysis applies to deprivations of non-property interests which do not violate substantive constitutional rights), aff'd…
discussed
Cited "see"
Joseph D. BUTTERWORTH, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Otis R. BOWEN, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Defendant-Appellant
(2×)
See Erkins v. Bryan, 663 F.2d 1048, 1052 (11th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
International Longshoremen's Association, Afl-Cio v. National Mediation Board
(2×)
See Delpro Co. v. Brotherhood Railway Carmen, 676 F.2d 960, 962 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982); International Longshoremen’s Association v. North Carolina Ports Authority, 463 F.2d 1, 3 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 409 U.S. 982 , 93 S.Ct. 318 , 34 L.Ed.2d 245 (1972) (NCPA); United States v. Feaster, 410 F.2d 1354, 1359-64 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 396 U.S. 962 , 90 S.Ct. 427 , 24 L.Ed.2d 426 (1969); see also Chicago Truck Drivers v. National Mediation Board, 670 F.2d 665, 668-69 (7th Cir.1981) (finding NMB order in question not a final agency actio…
discussed
Cited "see"
International Longshoremen's Ass'n v. National Mediation Board
(2×)
See Delpro v. Brother *116 hood Railway Carmen of the U.S. and Canada, AFL-CIO, 676 F.2d 960 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982). 6 The Court of Appeals for this Circuit, however, has twice recently rejected the contention that labor representation decisions of the NLRB are reviewable, holding that it is only when the agency has violated a clear and mandatory legislative provision (as it did in Leedom v. Kyne), and the party aggrieved has no alternative means of redress, that district courts may entertain actions to review its decisions, Physicians Nat…
discussed
Cited "see"
City of Las Vegas, Nevada v. Clark County, Nevada
Beller v. Middendorf, 632 F.2d 788, 808 (9th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 905 , 101 S.Ct. 3030 , 69 L.Ed.2d 405 (1981); accord Albery v. Reddig, 718 F.2d 245, 251 (7th Cir.1983) (city zoning ordinance valid unless "arbitrary and unreasonable or that its application bears no substantial relation to the public health, safety or morals"). 44 We find the effluent limitations reasonably related to the important state interest in cleaner water. 7 Nevada state courts are the proper forum for any complaint the City has concerning the content of the effluent limitations. 8 Cf. Creative Environment…
cited
Cited "see"
Thomas F. Limerick v. Carol S. Greenwald, Roslindale Cooperative Bank of Boston v. Carol S. Greenwald
See Creative Environments, Inc. v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822 , 832 n. 9 (1st Cir.) cert. denied 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74 L.Ed.2d 385 (1982).
cited
Cited "see"
National Federation of Federal Employees, Local 1669 v. Federal Labor Relations Authority
See New Jersey Air Nat’l Guard v. FLRA, 677 F.2d 276 , 281 (3d Cir.1982), cert, denied, 459 U.S. 988 , 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
Brazil v. Arkansas Board of Dental Examiners
(2×)
See Snell v. United States, 680 F.2d 545, 547 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 344 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982).
cited
Cited "see"
Multi-State Communications, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission, Rko General, Inc., Intervenor
See New Jersey Air National Guard v. FLRA, 677 F.2d 276 , 283 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 988 , 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
Frank Haygood v. Evelle J. Younger, Etc., and Harold Cranke and Benjamin Seymour
See Hirst v. Gertzen, 676 F.2d 1252, 1262-63 (9th Cir.1982); accord Fernandez v. Chardon, 681 F.2d 42, 55 (1st Cir.1982), cert. denied in part, - U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982), aff’d on other grounds sub nom.
discussed
Cited "see"
Elbe v. Yankton Independent School District No. 1
See Snell v. United States, 680 F.2d 545, 547 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, -U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 344 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982); Diebold v. Civil Service Comm’n, 611 F.2d 697, 699-700 (8th Cir.1979); Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c).
discussed
Cited "see"
Oswald F. Elbe v. Yankton Independent School District No. 1
See Snell v. United States, 680 F.2d 545, 547 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 103 S.Ct. 344 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982); Diebold v. Civil Service Comm'n, 611 F.2d 697, 699-700 (8th Cir.1979); Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Waicker v. Scranton Times Ltd. Partnership
(2×)
See also Capital-Gazette Newspapers v. Stack, 293 Md. 528, 538-39 , 445 A.2d 1038 , cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 344 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Northpointe Plaza v. City of Rochester
See also Creative Environments, Inc. v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822, 833 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74 L.Ed.2d 385 (1982) (“Every appeal by a disappointed developer from an adverse ruling by a local * * * planning board necessarily involves some claim that the board exceeded, abused or ‘distorted’ its legal authority in some manner, often for some allegedly perverse (from the developer’s point of view) reason.” (Emphasis in original.)).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Condor Corporation, a Minnesota Corporation v. City of St. Paul, a Municipal Corporation
(2×)
Although the law is now unsettled in our circuit as well as others as to the parameters of substantive due process in zoning cases, see Lemke v. Cass County, Nebraska, 846 F.2d 469 (8th Cir.1987); Littlefield v. City of Afton, 785 F.2d 596 (8th Cir.1986); compare Creative Environments, Inc. v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822, 833 (1st Cir.) (refusing to recognize a substantive due process claim in a zoning case), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74 L.Ed.2d 385 (1982), we deem the overall boundaries of substantive due process to be defined by the Supreme Court’s decisions in cases raising…
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Ward v. Hickey
See, e.g., Creative Environments, Inc. v. Estabrook, 680 F.2d 822 , 834 n. 14 (1 Cir., 1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 345 , 74, L.Ed.2d 385 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Anthony J. Scherer, Jr. v. David J. Balkema
Other circuits, as the district court below noted, also apply this rule in civil conspiracy actions, see e.g., Lawrence, 665 F.2d at 1324 (D.C.Cir.1981) (per curiam); Singleton v. City of New York, 632 F.2d 185, 192-93 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 920 , 101 S.Ct. 1368 , 67 L.Ed.2d 347 (1981); Kadar Corp., 549 F.2d at 234-35 (1st Cir.1977); Mizell v. North Broward Hospital Dist., 427 F.2d 468, 475 (5th Cir.1970), and district courts in still other circuits have done the same, see McKelvey v. Marriot Corp., 488 F.Supp. 345, 346 (D.Md.1980); Safeguard Mutual Insurance Co. v. Miller, 47 F…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
FMC Corp. v. Northern Pump Co.
DISCUSSION Summary judgment is a drastic remedy, See, Buford v. Tremayne, 747 F.2d 445, 447 (8th Cir.1984); See also, Snell v. United States, 680 F.2d 545, 547 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 929 , 103 S.Ct. 344 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Miner v. Novotny
(2×)
See, e.g., Capital-Gazette Newspapers, Inc. v. Stack, 293 Md. 528, 537-40 , 445 A.2d 1038 , cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 344 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982); Berkey v. Delia, 287 Md. 302, 314-22 , 413 A.2d 170 (1980); Jacron Sales Co. v. Sindorf, 276 Md. 580, 584-94 , 350 A.2d 688 (1976); A.S.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Conservation Chemical Co.
(2×)
See, e.g., Snell v. United States, 680 F.2d 545, 547 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 989 , 103 S.Ct. 344 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982) (“This circuit has repeatedly emphasized the drastic nature of the summary judgment remedy”).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Monsanto Co. v. Acting Adm'r, United States EPA
See e.g., Mobay Chemical Co. v. Costle, 517 F.Supp. 252 (W.D.Pa.1981), aff'd sub nom Mobay Chemical Co. v. Gorsuch, 682 F.2d 419 (3rd Cir.), cert. denied, ___ U.S. ___, 103 S.Ct. 343 , 74 L.Ed.2d 384 (1982); Penwalt Corp. v. EPA, No. 80-2400 (E.D.Pa., July 17, 1981), aff'd Mobay, supra ; Chevron Chemical Co. v. Costle, 499 F.Supp. 732 and 499 F.Supp. 755 (D.Del.1980), aff'd 641 F.2d 104 (3rd Cir.), cert. denied 452 U.S. 961 , 101 S.Ct. 3110 , 69 L.Ed.2d 972 (1981); Petrolite Corp. v. EPA, 519 F.Supp. 966 (D.D.C.1981).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
United Steelworkers of America, AFL-CIO-CLC
v.
Erkins
v.
Erkins
No. 82-270.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Nov 8, 1982.
C. A. 11th Cir. Certio-rari denied.