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Treatment trajectory · 1989 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1989
2007
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 39 distinct citers.
discussed
Cited "but see"
United States v. Nystrom
See United States v. Foushee, 13 M.J. 833 (A.C.M.R.1982); but see United States v. Rice, 20 M.J. 764 (A.F.C.M.R.1985), aff'd, 25 M.J. 35 , cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988) (statement during the providence inquiry that prior to the killing victim hit the accused in the head with a toaster was not substantial indication accused acted from adequate provocation which might reduce murder to manslaughter). .
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Jernigan v. State of Miss.
courts have almost never found that an ongoing investigation imposes a sufficient hardship on the person investigated to warrant judicial review prior to his or her indictment.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
ca4 1993
It concluded that "[o]nly if the damage to the executive department or the public interest from disclosure significantly outweighs the harm to plaintiffs from nondisclosure will the privilege be upheld." Id. at 1116; accord, e.g., Skibo v. City of New York, 109 F.R.D. 58, 61-64 (E.D.N.Y. 1985) (discovery of internal affairs documents relating to other incidents). 7 Defendants respond that reversing the district court"would strike at the heart of any Department's ability to fully and frankly investigate incidents of this type and to police its own, as disclosure has a 'chilling effect' upon the…
cited
Cited "see"
Jones v. City of St. Louis
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1389 (4th Cir. *1216 1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see"
Cook v. Andrews
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1402 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied sub nom, City of Fayetteville, N.C. v. Spell, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988); EEOC v. Nutri/System, Inc., 685 F.Supp. 568, 573 (E.D.Va.1988) (“Inadequate documentation is a basis for reducing or denying a fee award.”).
discussed
Cited "see"
Rehabilitation Ass'n of Virginia, Inc. v. Metcalf
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1402 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied sub nom, City of Fayetteville, N.C. v. Spell, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988); EEOC v. Nutri/System, Inc., 685 F.Supp. 568, 573 (E.D.Va.1988) (“Inadequate documentation is a basis for reducing or denying a fee award.”).
cited
Cited "see"
State v. Dawkins
See State v. Shashaty, 205 Conn. 39, 43-44 , 529 A.2d 1308 (1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S. Ct. 753 , 98 L.
cited
Cited "see"
Columbia Gas Transmission Corporation v. Mangione Enterprises of Turf Valley, LP
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1401 (4th Cir.1987), cert, denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see"
Kalt v. Hunter (In re Hunter)
See Randall v. Merrill Lynch, 820 F.2d 1317, 1321 (D.C.Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 753 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988); Noland v. Flohr Metal Fabricators, Inc., 104 F.R.D. 83, 86 (D.Alaska 1984); cf. Green v. Ancora-Citronelle Corp., 577 F.2d 1380, 1383 (9th Cir.1978) (holding stipulation of settlement by parties in state court constituted a final judgment on the merits for collateral estoppel purposes); Xerox Fin.
discussed
Cited "see"
In Re Hunter
See Randall v. Merrill Lynch, 820 F.2d 1317, 1321 (D.C.Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 753 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988); Noland v. Flohr Metal Fabricators, Inc., 104 F.R.D. 83, 86 (D.Alaska 1984); cf. Green v. Ancora-Citronelle Corp., 577 F.2d 1380, 1383 (9th Cir.1978) (holding stipulation of settlement by parties in state court constituted a final judgment on the merits for collateral estoppel purposes); Xerox Fin.
cited
Cited "see"
Ideal Federal Savings Bank v. Murphy
See Randall v. Merrill Lynch, 820 F.2d 1317, 1320 (D.C.Cir. 1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 753 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988); Smith v. Phillips, 881 F.2d 902, 904 (10th Cir. 1989).
cited
Cited "see"
Southwall Technologies, Inc. v. Cardinal Ig Company
See Fonar Corp. v. Johnson & Johnson, 821 F.2d 627, 632 , 3 USPQ2d 1109, 1113 (Fed.Cir.1987), ce rt. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 751 , 98 L.Ed.2d 764 (1988).
cited
Cited "see"
The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation v. The Kittinger Company
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1401 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988).
cited
Cited "see"
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation v. Kittinger Co.
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1401 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see"
Superior Form Builders v. Dan Chase Taxidermy Supply Co.
See Spell v. McDaniel, 616 F.Supp. 1069, 1085 (E.D.N.C.1985), aff'd in part, vacated in part, on other grounds, 824 F.2d 1380 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 762 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988). 1.
cited
Cited "see"
Wilkes v. Young
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1390-91 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988).
cited
Cited "see"
Wilkes v. Young
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1390-91 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Moore
See United States v. Lucas, 25 MJ 9, 11 (CMA 1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 764 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see"
The First Savings Bank, Fsb v. American Casualty Company of Reading, Pennsylvania, Inc.
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1395 (4th Cir. 1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 (1988) (instructions need not be technically accurate in every detail; test on appeal is whether the instructions as a whole "adequately informed the jury of the controlling legal principles without misleading or confusing the jury to the prejudice of the objecting party").
discussed
Cited "see"
Czajkowski v. City of Chicago, Ill.
See Spell [v. McDaniel,] 824 F.2d [1380,] 1387 [ (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988)]; Williams v. City of Chicago, 658 F.Supp. 147, 152 (N.D.Ill.1987).
discussed
Cited "see"
Lane Construction Corporation v. Cardinal Industries, Incorporated
Co. v. Madden, 235 F.2d 198, 204 (4th Cir.) (emphasis added), cert. denied, 352 U.S. 953 (1956); accord Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1400 (4th Cir. 1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 (1988). 5 Cardinal contends that compromise, and "[n]o other rational justification," explains the jury's award of exactly half of the amount of damages sought by Lane.
discussed
Cited "see"
Winder v. Leak
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1387 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988); Powe v. City of Chicago, 664 F.2d 639, 651 (7th Cir.1981); McLin v. City of Chicago, 742 F.Supp. 994, 998 (N.D.Ill.1990).
discussed
Cited "see"
Biodex Corporation v. Loredan Biomedical, Inc.
See Fonar Corp. v. Johnson & Johnson, 821 F.2d 627, 631 , 3 USPQ2d 1109, 1112 (Fed.Cir.1987) (review of grant of JNOV), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 751 , 98 L.Ed.2d 764 (1988); Wahpeton Canvas Co. v. Frontier, Inc., 870 F.2d 1546 , 1552 n. 8, 10 USPQ2d 1201, 1207 n. 8 (Fed.Cir.1989) (review of denial of JNOV); Sjolund v. Musland, 847 F.2d at 1576 (same); Exxon Corp. v. United States, 931 F.2d 874 , 877 n. 4 (Fed.Cir.1991) (law of the case). 9 .
cited
Cited "see"
State v. Joly
Ed. 2d 618 (1987); see State v. Shashaty, 205 Conn. 39 , 50 n.4, 529 A.2d 1308 (1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S. Ct. 753 , 98 L.
discussed
Cited "see"
ca3 1990
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1395 (4th Cir.1987) ("test of adequacy of instructions ... is simply the practical one of whether the instructions construed as a whole, and in light of the whole record, adequately informed the jury of the controlling legal principles without misleading or confusing the jury to the prejudice of the objecting party"), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see"
City of Richmond v. Madison Management Group, Inc.
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1395 (4th Cir.1987) (“test of adequacy of instructions ... is simply the practical one of whether the instructions construed as a whole, and in light of the whole record, adequately informed the jury of the controlling legal principles without misleading or confusing the jury to the prejudice of the objecting party”), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988).
cited
Cited "see"
Duke v. Uniroyal, Inc.
See Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1402 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Ihekwu v. City of Durham, NC
However, a municipality may be held liable under a theory of deliberate indifference or tacit authorization, even where an official policy or custom of discrimination does not exist, if a municipal official with authority to make policy or to take corrective action made a decision “that reflects deliberate indifference to the risk that a violation of a particular constitutional or statutory right [would] follow the decision.” Board of County Comm’rs, 520 U.S. at 404 , 117 S.Ct. at 1388 (1997); see also Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1385 (4th Cir.1987), cer t. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , …
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Greensboro Professional Fire Fighters Ass'n, Local 3157 Steven B. Zimmerman v. City of Greensboro
To succeed on this theory, however, appellants must prove the existence of a practice that is widespread, pervasive and “so permanent and well-settled as to constitute a ‘custom or usage’ with the force of law.” Praprotnik, 485 U.S. at 127 , 108 S.Ct. at 926 (internal quotation omitted); see also Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1387 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied sub nom., City of Fayetteville v. Spell, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Barbara A. Koch, Individually James P. Koch, as Husband and Wife v. Sports Health Home Care Corporation, D/B/A Medi
A judgment will be reversed for error in jury instructions "only if the error is determined to have been prejudicial, based on a review of the record as a whole." Wellington v. Daniels, 717 F.2d 932, 938 (4th Cir.1983); see also Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1395 (4th Cir.1987) ("The test of adequacy of instructions .... is simply the practical one of whether the instructions construed as a whole, and in light of the whole record, adequately informed the jury of the controlling legal principles without misleading or confusing the jury to the prejudice of the objecting party."), cert. denie…
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Workers' Compensation Commission v. Driver
See also Hargrove v. Board of Trustees, 310 Md. 406, 424-425 , 529 A.2d 1372, 1381 (1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 753 , 98 L.Ed.2d 766 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Jordan v. Jackson
Although, as the district court recognized, the Court rejected contentions that municipal liability can be predicated on the principles of respondeat superior or vicarious liability, it held that liability could attach when the "execution of the government's policy or custom, whether made by its lawmakers or by those whose edicts or acts may fairly be said to represent official policy, inflicts the injury." Id.; see also Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1385 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988); Hughes v. Halifax County School Bd., 855 F.2d 183, …
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Jordan ex rel. Jordan v. Jackson
Although, as the district court recognized, the Court rejected contentions that municipal liability can be predicat ed on the principles of respondeat superior or vicarious liability, it held that liability could attach when the “execution of the government’s policy or custom, whether made by its lawmakers or by those whose edicts or acts may fairly be said to represent official policy, inflicts the injury.” Id.; see also Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1385 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988); Hughes v. Halifax County School Bd., 855 F.2…
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Stacy v. Stroud
See id.; See also Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1402 (4th Cir.1987) (Spell I), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Diamond D Enterprises USA, Inc. v. Steinsvaag
Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure § 2814, at 93 (1973). “[A] new trial on damages only is not proper if there is reason to think that the verdict may represent a compromise among jurors with different views on whether defendant was liable or if for some other reason it appears that the error on the damage issue may have affected the determination of liability.” Id. § 2814, at 29 (Supp.1992); see also Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1400 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Diamond Enterprises USA, Inc. v. Steinsvaag
Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure § 2814, at 93 (1973). "[A] new trial on damages only is not proper if there is reason to think that the verdict may represent a compromise among jurors with different views on whether defendant was liable or if for some other reason it appears that the error on the damage issue may have affected the determination of liability." Id. § 2814, at 29 (Supp.1992); see also Spell v. McDaniel, 824 F.2d 1380, 1400 (4th Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988). 14 An inadequate damages award, standing alone, does not indicate…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Rodriguez
“Rather, polygraph results must be evaluated under the entire spectrum of evidentiary rules.” United States v. West, 27 M.J. 223, 225 (C.M.A.1988); see also United States v. Abeyta, 25 M.J. 97 (C.M.A. 1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 765 (1988); United States v. McKinnie, 29 M.J. 825 (A.C.M.R.1989), aff'd, 32 M.J. 141 (C.M.A.1991); United States v. Pope, 30 M.J. 1188 (A.F.C.M.R. 1990), review denied, 32 M.J. 249 (C.M.A. 1990).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Briscoe v. Prince George's County Health Department
See, e.g., Hargrove v. Board of Trustees, 310 Md. 406, 416-422 , 529 A.2d 1372, 1377-1380 (1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 753 , 98 L.Ed.2d 766 (1988); Broadwater v. State, 306 Md. 597, 604-608 , 510 A.2d 583, 586-588 (1986); Ennis v. State, 306 Md. 579, 595 , 510 A.2d 573, 581 (1986); Attor *448 ney General v. Waldron, 289 Md. 683, 706-707 , 426 A.2d 929, 942 (1981); Board v. Goodsell, 284 Md. 279, 286 , 396 A.2d 1033, 1037 (1979); Governor of Maryland v. Exxon Corp., 279 Md. 410, 439 , 370 A.2d 1102, 1118 (1977), aff'd, 437 U.S. 117 , 98 S.Ct. 2207 , 57 L.Ed.2d 91 (1978).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Douglas
See also United States v. Lucas, 25 M.J. 9 (C.M.A.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1027 , 108 S.Ct. 752 , 98 L.Ed.2d 764 (1988).
North
v.
Walsh
v.
Walsh
No. 87-869.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Jan 19, 1988.
Published
Citer courts: S.D. Mississippi (1)
C. A. D. C. Cir. Certiorari denied.