green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 2×
7.9 score
G Cite
Treatment trajectory · 1994 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1994
2010
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 26 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited "but see"
Torrey v. City of Tukwila
Ed. 2d 456 , 94 S. Ct. 488 (1973) (same); but see United States v. Barber, 839 F. Supp. 193 (W.D.N.Y. 1993) (noting that the Supreme Court has expressly reserved the issue whether there are traffic offense arrest situations in which it would not be "reasonable” under the Fourth Amendment to make a full custodial arrest) (citing Cummins v. United States, 502 U.S. 962 , 116 L.
examined
Cited as authority (quoted)
Commonwealth v. Gentile
it is irrelevant whether a reasonable police officer would have made the stop but for the unlawful motive; the stop is valid 'so long as the police are doing no more than they are legally permitted and objectively authorized to do
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
United States v. Arnaldo Baker
as we apply an objective standard of reasonableness to this determination, our conclusion is not changed by testimony that he had no subjective fear that either cum-mins or akins were armed.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
United States v. Joseph Arnold
In United States v. Wright, 932 F.2d 868 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962, 972, 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 (1991), the defendant was arrested at the location of a drug transaction arranged by an informant working with the police.
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Arthur Lee Burns Jr.
See United States v. Wright, 932 F.2d 868, 880 (10th Cir. 1991) (standard of review), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 and 502 U.S. 972 (1991); see also Delaware v. Van Arsdall, 475 U.S. 673, 681-84 (1986) (applying harmless error analysis to violation of confrontation clause).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Arthur Lee Burns, Jr.
See United States v. Wright, 932 F.2d 868, 880 (10th Cir.1991) (standard of review), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 and 502 U.S. 972 , 112 S.Ct. 450 , 116 L.Ed.2d 467 (1991); see also Delaware v. Van Arsdall, 475 U.S. 673, 681-84 , 106 S.Ct. 1431 , 89 L.Ed.2d 674 (1986) (applying harmless error analysis to violation of confrontation clause).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Kirkpatrick
See Barahona, 990 F.2d at 416 (“It is well established that a traffic violation — however minor — creates probable cause to stop the driver of a vehicle.”) (citing United States v. Cummins, 920 F.2d 498, 500 (8th Cir.1990), cert, denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 (1991)).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Muyet
“As a general matter, the decision to stop an automobile is reasonable where the police have probable cause to believe that a traffic violation has occurred.” Whren , — U.S. at- 116 S.Ct. at 1772 (citing Prouse, 440 U.S. at 659 , 99 S.Ct. at 1399 ; Pennsylvania v. Mimms, 434 U.S. 106, 109 , 98 S.Ct. 330, 332-33 , 54 L.Ed.2d 331 (1977) (per curiam)); see Scopo, 19 F.3d at 782 (“When an officer observes a traffic offense — however minor— he has probable cause to stop the driver of the vehicle.” (quoting United States v. Cum *306 mins, 920 F.2d 498, 500 (8th Cir.1990), cert. denied,…
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Roberts
See United States v. Trigg, 878 F.2d 1037, 1043 (7th Cir.1989) (“Law enforcement authorities who stockpile arrest warrants for traffic offenses or nonpayment of library fines in order to have a ‘ready-reserve’ when arrest (or harassment) of a particular citizen is desired deserve no protection in the name of judicial restraint.”), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 , 449 (1991); Taglavore v. United States, 291 F.2d at 266 (“Were the use of misdemeanor arrest warrants as a pretext for searching people suspected of felonies to be permitted, a mockery could be …
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Clarke
See United States v. Trigg, 878 F.2d 1037, 1043 (7th Cir.1989) (“Law enforcement authorities who stockpile arrest warrants for traffic offenses or nonpayment of library fines in order to have a ‘ready-reserve’ when arrest (or harassment) of a particular citizen is desired deserve no protection in the name of judicial restraint.”), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 (1991); Taglavore v. United States, 291 F.2d at 266 (“Were the use of misdemeanor arrest warrants as a pretext for searching people suspected of felonies to be permitted, a mockery could be made o…
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Christopher G. White
See United States v. Cummins, 920 F.2d 498, 502 (8th Cir.1990), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 (1991) (detention during lawful traffic stop must be reasonably related in scope to the circumstances which justified the interference in the first place).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Christopher G. White
See United States v. Cummins, 920 F.2d 498, 502 (8th Cir. 1990), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 (1991) (detention during lawful traffic stop must be reasonably related in scope to the circumstances which justified the interference in the first place).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Pipes
(2×)
See United States v. Cummins, 920 F.2d 498, 501 (8th Cir.1990), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 , 449 (1991); see also United States v. Causey, 834 F.2d 1179, 1184 (5th Cir.1987) (en banc); United States v. Trigg, 878 F.2d 1037, 1041 (7th Cir.1989), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 , 449 (1991); United States v. Hassan El, 5 F.3d 726, 730 (4th Cir.1993); United States v. Mitchell, 951 F.2d 1291, 1295 (D.C.Cir.1991); United States v. Hawkins, 811 F.2d 210, 213 (3d Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 833 , 108 S.Ct. 110 , 98 L.Ed.2d 69 (1987…
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Menard
The court concludes that the reasons articulated by Officer Hawley are sufficient to provide a reasonable suspicion justifying an investigative stop of the car driven by Lisa Jensen. “ “Whether the particular facts known to the officer amount to an objective and particularized basis for a reasonable suspicion of criminal activity is determined in light of the totality of the circumstances.’ ” United States v. Halls, 40 F.3d 275, 276 (8th Cir.1994) (quoting United States v. Garcia, 23 F.3d 1331, 1334 (8th Cir.1994)); see United States v. Cummins, 920 F.2d 498, 501 (8th Cir.1990), cert. …
discussed
Cited "see"
State v. Ramirez
(2×)
See United States v. Cummins, 920 F.2d 498, 500 (8th Cir.1990), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 , 449 (1991); SDCL 23-1A-7.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Goins
Aug. 30, 2007) (citation omitted); see also Scopo, 19 F.3d at 782 (“ When an officer observes a traffic offense — however minor — he has probable cause to stop the driver of the vehicle.’ ”) (quoting United States v. Cummins, 920 F.2d 498, 500 (8th Cir.1990), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 (1992)).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Donald H. Jones
The principles of Terry provide that once Trooper DeWitt lawfully stopped Jones he was entitled to conduct an investigation "reasonably related in scope to the 5 circumstances which justified the interference in the first place." Terry, 392 U.S. at 20 ; see also United States v. Cummins, 920 F.2d 498, 502 (8th Cir. 1990), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Donald H. Jones
The principles of Terry provide that once Trooper DeWitt lawfully stopped Jones he was entitled to conduct an investigation “reasonably related in scope to the circumstances which justified the interference in the first place.” Terry, 392 U.S. at 20 , 88 S.Ct. 1868 ; see also United States v. Cummins, 920 F.2d 498, 502 (8th Cir.1990), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Ailsworth
Compare Kotteakos, 328 U.S. at 753, 766-71 , with Berger, 295 U.S. at 79-84 , and United States v. Wright, 932 F.2d 868, 874-75 (10th Cir.) (holding harmless a variance occurring when government’s evidence at trial proved existence of two conspiracies rather than one broad conspiracy charged in the indictment), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Jessie Ailsworth, Jr.
Compare Kotteakos, 328 U.S. at 753, 766-71 , 66 S.Ct. at 1242, 1248-51 , with Berger, 295 U.S. at 79-84 , 55 S.Ct. at 629-31 , and United States v. Wright, 932 F.2d 868, 874-75 (10th Cir.) (holding harmless a variance occurring when government’s evidence at trial proved existence of two conspiracies rather than one broad conspiracy charged in the indictment), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 (1991).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Maude C. Clarke, Also Known as Tina Clarke, Also Known as Angela
See, e.g., United States v. Cummins, 920 F.2d 498, 501 (8th Cir.1990), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 (1991).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Maude C. Clarke
See, e.g., United States v. Cummins, 920 F.2d 498, 501 (8th Cir. 1990), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. James A. Gravatt, United States of America v. George W. Turley, United States of America v. Wiley Keith Abram
See also United States v. Scott, 37 F.3d 1564, 1579 (10th Cir.1994) ("[i]n this circuit, the general rule is to try persons jointly indicted together, and we will not reverse the lower court's decision absent a strong showing of prejudice" (quoting United States v. Wright, 932 F.2d 868, 878 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 (1991)), cert. denied sub nom.
examined
Cited "see, e.g."
Taylor v. State
(4×)
See, e.g., United States v. Cummins, 920 F.2d 498 (8th Cir.1990), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 , 449 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Luis Santiago Ramirez
(2×)
Id. at 423 , 96 S.Ct. at 827-28 ; see also United States v. Wright, 932 F.2d 868, 877 (10th Cir.) ("Law enforcement personnel may arrest a person without a warrant if there is probable cause to believe that person committed a crime."), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 962 , 112 S.Ct. 428 , 116 L.Ed.2d 448 (1991); United States v. Maez, 872 F.2d 1444 , 1449 n. 7 (10th Cir.1989) (a warrantless arrest in public with probable cause does not violate the Fourth Amendment, even though exigent circumstances do not exist). 65 Here in his order denying the motion to suppress, the district judge cited Watson and f…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Bustamante
v.
United States
v.
United States
No. 91-6054.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Nov 12, 1991.
502 U.S. 962
Published
Citer courts: Fifth Circuit (1) · Massachusetts Supreme Judicial… (1)
C. A. 11th Cir. Certiorari denied.