Cal. Code of Civil Procedure § 583.110 (2026)

As used in this chapter, unless the provision or context otherwise requires:

(a)“Action” includes an action commenced by cross-complaint or other pleading that asserts a cause of action or claim for relief.

(b)“Complaint” includes a cross-complaint or other initial pleading.

(c)“Court” means the court in which the action is pending.

(d)“Defendant” includes a cross-defendant or other person against whom an action is commenced.

(e)“Plaintiff” includes a cross-complainant or other person by whom an action is commenced.

(f)“Service” includes return of summons.