Cal. Vehicle Code § 436.1 (2026)

An “off-highway electric motorcycle,” commonly referred to as an eMoto, is an off-highway motorcycle subject to identification under this code that meets all of the following requirements:

(a)Is designed by the manufacturer for operation primarily off the highway.

(b)Is powered by an electric motor for which a motor number is not required.

(c)Has handlebars for steering control.

(d)Has a straddle seat provided by the manufacturer.

(e)Has two wheels.

(f)Is not equipped with pedals from the manufacturer.