Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793 (Tex. Crim. App. 1982). · Go Syfert
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793 (Tex. Crim. App. 1982). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
G Cite
cited 2× by 1 distinct case, last quoted 1985 · …acting either alone or with one or more persons. ⚠ not in text
cited 2× by 1 distinct case, last quoted 1986 · …inescapably a comment on the weight of the evidence. ⚠ not in text
124 citation events (57 in the last 25 years) across 3 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Gretchon Windell Powell v. State (texapp, 2011-06-08)
Treatment trajectory · 1983 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1983 2004 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 49 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Gretchon Windell Powell v. State
Tex. App. · 2011 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
an entry made without consent in the nighttime is presumed to have been made with intent to commit theft.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Albin Adalin Zelaya -Zelaya v. State
Tex. App. · 2010 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
in light of the testimony of sustaire that he was the owner of the building, and in the absence of any evidence to the contrary, we hold the evidence sufficient to support the indictment.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Holston Banks, III v. State
Tex. App. · 2020 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Magan Marie Kryzak v. State
Tex. App. · 2019 · confidence medium
Grant v. State, 738 S.W.2d 309, 311 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1987, pet. ref’d) (citing Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) James Anthony Marmolejo v. State
Tex. App. · 2019 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
examined Cited as authority (rule) Carlos Sosa v. State (3×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Acosta, Steve (2×)
Tex. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
The nonconsensual entry of a habitation at night creates a rebuttable appellate presumption that the actor intended to commit theft (See Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Patrick Demon Stewart v. State
Tex. Crim. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
A true presumption is a rule of law laid down by the courts which attaches to facts certain procedural consequences, such as the shift in the burden of evidence production: when fact A is established, the fact finder must find fact B, unless the opponent introduces evidence from which the fact finder could reasonably find that B did not exist.46 Distantly related is the term “permissible inference” which is a deduction from the facts which the fact finder may draw from the circumstances of the case without the aid of any rule of law, but is not obligated to do so.47 To find that burglary h…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Acosta, Steve (2×)
Tex. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
The nonconsensual entry of a habitation at night creates a rebuttable appellate presumption that the actor intended to commit theft (See Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Roy Vasquez v. State
Tex. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
App. 1998) (quot- ing Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Dennis Roy Redding v. State
Tex. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Jason DeLosSantos v. State
Tex. App. · 2014 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Kenneth Calvin Knox v. State
Tex. App. · 2013 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) David Clayton Ratliff A/K/A Clayton David Singleton A/K/A David Clay Ratliff v. State
Tex. App. · 2010 · confidence medium
App. 1998) (citing Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Ratliff v. State
Tex. App. · 2010 · confidence medium
The court of criminal appeals has “long held that ‘error in jury argument does not lie in going beyond the court’s charge, but in stating law contrary to the same.’ That is, there is no error in correctly arguing the law, even if the law is not included in the court’s charge.” State v. Renteria, 977 S.W.2d 606, 608 (Tex.Crim.App.1998) (citing Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App. [Panel Op.] 1982)); Corpus v. State, 30 S.W.3d 35, 41-42 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2000, pet. ref'd) (holding that there was no error when the State argued that two people could jointly…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Brian Keith Enloe v. State (2×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 2009 · confidence medium
App. 2003); Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Brian Keith Enloe v. State (2×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 2009 · confidence medium
App. 2003); Mauldin v. State , 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Rodney Steven Ryan v. State
Tex. App. · 2008 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State , 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Harold James Bradford v. State (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Tex. App. · 2008 · confidence medium
App. 2003); Mauldin v. State , 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Stevaughn Andre Brown v. State
Tex. App. · 2008 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State , 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) in the Matter of S.H.
Tex. App. · 2008 · confidence medium
“In a prosecution for burglary, the intent to commit theft may be inferred from the circumstances.” Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Steve Roman v. State
Tex. App. · 2007 · confidence medium
State , 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Dougherty v. State
Tex. Crim. App. · 2006 · confidence medium
Sandig v. State, 580 S.W.2d 584, 586 (Tex.Crim.App.1979)("an abstract statement of the law that goes beyond the allegations in the indictment ordinarily will not present reversible error .. .because ordinarily such expansions on the indictment’s allegations are effectively restricted by the charge’s application of the law to the facts, which should limit the jury’s deliberations to the allegations in the indictment supported by evidence”); Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 796 (Tex.Crim.App.982)(abstract instruction on law of parties that was not supported by the evidence did not creat…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Dougherty, Douglas Albert
Tex. Crim. App. · 2006 · confidence medium
App. 1979)("an abstract statement of the law that goes beyond the allegations in the indictment ordinarily will not present reversible error . . .because ordinarily such expansions on the indictment's allegations are effectively restricted by the charge's application of the law to the facts, which should limit the jury's deliberations to the allegations in the indictment supported by evidence"); Mauldin v. State , 628 S.W.2d 793, 796 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Weatherspoon, Leonard v. State
Tex. App. · 2003 · confidence medium
Wilkerson v. State , 927 S.W.2d 112, 115 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1996, no pet.)(citing Mauldin v. State , 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Kelley, Charlene v. State
Tex. App. · 2002 · confidence medium
Wilkerson , 927 S.W.2d at 115 (citing Mauldin v. State , 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Richard L. Cook, Jr. v. State
Tex. App. · 1999 · confidence medium
While the complained of provision of the Penal Code was not included in the charge, "error in argument does not lie in going beyond the Court's charge, but lies in stating law contrary to the same." See Mauldin v. State , 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Wilkerson v. State
Tex. App. · 1996 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Bishop v. State
Tex. App. · 1995 · confidence medium
See McDuffie v. State, 854 S.W.2d 195, 221 (Tex.App.—Beaumont 1993, pet ref'd); Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 796 (Tex.Crim.App.1982).
cited Cited as authority (rule) James Jurek v. State
Tex. App. · 1994 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State , 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex. Crim.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Lewis v. State
Tex. Crim. App. · 1991 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 796 (Tex.Cr.App.1982) (panel opinion).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Middlebrook v. State
Tex. App. · 1991 · confidence medium
Grant, 738 S.W.2d at 311 (quoting Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App. [Panel Op.] 1982)); Gillis v. State, 694 S.W.2d 245, 251 (Tex.App.—Fort Worth 1985, pet. ref’d).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Williams v. State
Tex. App. · 1990 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982); Clark v. State, 543 S.W.2d 125, 127 (Tex.Crim.App.1976).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Tate v. State
Tex. App. · 1990 · confidence medium
In support of this position, the State relies upon Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 796 (Tex.Crim.App. [Panel Op.] 1982), and Brown, 716 S.W.2d at 945-46 .
cited Cited as authority (rule) Rodriguez v. State
Tex. App. · 1990 · confidence medium
Dues v. State, 634 S.W.2d 304, 305 (Tex.Crim.App.1982); Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Johnson v. State
Tex. App. · 1989 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982); see also Solis v. State, 589 S.W.2d 444, 446 (Tex.Crim.App.1979).
examined Cited as authority (rule) LaPoint v. State (4×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. Crim. App. · 1988 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Cr.App.1982); Ortega v. State, 626 S.W.2d 746, 749 (Tex.Cr.App. 1982); Moss v. State, 574 S.W.2d 542 (Tex. Cr.App.1978); Williams v. State, 537 S.W. 2d 936 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Hawkins v. State, 467 S.W.2d 465 (Tex.Cr.App.1971).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Youens v. State
Tex. App. · 1987 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Lucio v. State
Tex. App. · 1987 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Clay v. State of Texas
Tex. App. · 1987 · confidence medium
App.1983); Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Grant v. State
Tex. App. · 1987 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Williams v. State
Tex. App. · 1987 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982); Clark v. State, 543 S.W.2d 125, 127 (Tex.Crim.App.1976).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Cleveland v. State
Tex. App. · 1987 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982); Gutierrez v. State, 666 S.W.2d 248, 250 (Tex.App. — Dallas 1984, pet. ref’d).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Lucas v. State
Tex. App. · 1986 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Shockley v. State (2×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 1985 · confidence medium
Ortega v. State, 626 S.W.2d 746, 749 (Tex.Crim.App.1982); Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Gillis v. State (2×)
Tex. App. · 1985 · confidence medium
Maudlin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Roberts v. State
Tex. App. · 1984 · confidence medium
Burke v. State, 652 S.W.2d 788, 790 (Tex.Crim.App.1983); Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Crim.App.1982).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Eckert v. State
Tex. App. · 1984 · confidence medium
Mauldin v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Cr.App.1982); Nolan v. State, 624 S.W.2d 721, 725 (Tex.App.1981, no pet.).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Gutierrez v. State
Tex. App. · 1984 · confidence medium
Maul-din v. State, 628 S.W.2d 793, 795 (Tex.Cr.
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Roy Cornelius MAULDIN, Appellant,
v.
the STATE of Texas, Appellee
60620.
Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
Mar 10, 1982.
628 S.W.2d 793
W. John Allison, Jr., on appeal only, Dallas, for appellant., Henry Wade, Dist. Atty. and Steve Wilen-sky & Mike Gillett, Asst. Dist. Attys., Dallas, Robert Huttash, State’s Atty., Austin, for the State.
Odom, Davis, McCormick.
Cited by 91 opinions  |  Published

OPINION

McCORMICK, Judge.

Appellant was convicted of burglary of a building. Punishment was assessed by the jury at twenty years.

Although the facts are not in dispute, a brief recitation is needed. During the early morning hours of February 23,1978, Horace West, warehouse supervisor for Bosco Fastening Service Center located in Dallas, received a call from the Smith Protection Agency. As a result of the call, West arrived at the warehouse at about 4:30 a. m. and saw the building surrounded by police. After he parked his car, he saw appellant being brought out of the building in the custody of police. Upon entering the building, West observed papers scattered about and a number of calculators, a radio, and other office equipment removed from their usual places and stacked upon desks and chairs.

Wallace Jones, a security patrol officer for Smith Protection Agency, testified that on the night of February 22, 1978, he had checked the warehouse at 8:45 p. m. and again at about 11:30 p. m., and all doors were closed and locked. When he checked the building again about 4:00 a. m. on the morning of February 23, 1978, he noticed one of the doors was partially opened and that there were pry marks on the door which had not been there previously. Upon entering the building through this open door, Jones noticed a lot of material on the floor and radioed for assistance.

Officer D. C. Sanchez, a Dallas police officer who responded to the burglary call, testified that following his arrival at the scene and while keeping the building under surveillance, he observed appellant attempt to leave the building through a back door, but that appellant saw him and returned into the building. Officer Allen Thompson, also of the Dallas Police Department, testified that he entered the building with a police dog, discovered appellant on top of a tier of shelves, and arrested appellant.

In his first ground of error, appellant contends that the evidence is insufficient to[*795] show that Don Sustaire was the owner of the building as alleged in the indictment. At trial, Don Sustaire testified that he was employed at Bosco Fastening Service Center. After identifying the building which had been burglarized, and testifying that the entry had been made on February 23rd without his effective consent, the following occurred:

“Q. (By Prosecutor) . .. And for the record, by virtue of your position, you are the owner of that building, are you not?
“A. (By Mr. Sustaire) Yes, sir.”

Appellant contends that since there is no evidence in the record to show that Sustaire had the care, custody, control and management of the building, the evidence is insufficient to show he was in fact the owner. In light of the testimony of Sus-taire that he was the owner of the building, and in the absence of any evidence to the contrary, we hold the evidence sufficient to support the indictment.

In his second ground of error, appellant contends that the evidence is insufficient to sustain the conviction because there was no proof of intent to commit theft. In. a prosecution for burglary, the intent to commit theft may be inferred from the circumstances. Simmons v. State, 590 S.W.2d 137 (Tex.Cr.App.1979). Further, an entry made without consent in the nighttime is presumed to have been made with intent to commit theft. Moss v. State, 574 S.W.2d 542 (Tex.Cr.App.1978); Solis v. State, 589 S.W.2d 444 (Tex.Cr.App.1979). Appellant’s entry into the building having been made in the nighttime without the consent of the owner is sufficient to show an intent to commit theft. His second ground of error is overruled.

Appellant next contends that the prosecutor’s argument that the law presumed an intent to steal under these circumstances was error. The argument complained of is as follows:

“(By Prosecutor): Now, using your common sense I would suggest to you that if that is all the evidence you have— and remember the presumption I told you about? The presumption of the intent to steal, the intent to commit theft? Now, it — if you think about it you know why we have that presumption, because, good old common sense and reasonableness tells us that when you find somebody in a building that has been locked at 12:00 at night, with nobody around, that is dark and secluded, and has been forced into, and you find somebody inside, that he is presumed to be committing theft.
“(By Defense Counsel): Objection, Your Honor, that is an inaccurate statement of presumption and as the Court has already stated, the Court’s charge will instruct the Jury as to the law and that is certainly not in the Court’s instructions and I object to him arguing it, it is improper argument.
“(The Court): Overruled.
“(By Defense Counsel): Note our exception.
“(By Prosecutor): You don’t charge on presumption but all I’m saying is that if you use your common sense there should be no doubt in your mind about why we have that and what was going on and what this man’s intent was...”

Based on the argument, we cannot conclude that the prosecutor was in fact telling the jury that the presumption was in fact the law. Under the facts and circumstances of this case, the argument was á reasonable deduction from the evidence and was within the bounds of permissible jury argument. Alejandro v. State, 493 S.W.2d 230 (Tex.Cr.App.1973). Even if it could be construed that the argument amounted to a positive assertion that such was the law, it is not error.

As noted in Singleton v. State, 479 S.W.2d 672 (Tex.Cr.App.1952);

“Error in argument does not lie in going beyond the court’s charge, but lies in stating law contrary to the same.”

We find nothing contrary to the law or the charge in the argument set forth above. See Crump, The Function and Limits of Prosecution Jury Argument, 28 S.W.L.J. 505 (1974); Hill v. State, 518 S.W.2d 810 (Tex.Cr.App.1975).

[*796] Appellant, in ground of error number four, contends that the trial court erred in giving an abstract charge on the law of parties. However, in applying the law to the facts, the court omitted any reference to the law of parties. Appellant timely objected to the inclusion of the abstract instruction on the ground that such was not supported by the evidence. Notwithstanding the abstract instruction, the court’s charge specifically required the jury to find that appellant’s guilt be based solely on his own behavior. Stein v. State, 514 S.W.2d 927 (Tex.Cr.App.1974); Hannon v. State, 475 S.W.2d 800 (Tex.Cr.App.1972). No reversible error has been shown.

In his final ground of error, appellant contends that the trial court erred in overruling his request for an instruction on the law of circumstantial evidence. Under the facts set forth previously in this opinion, it is clear that no such charge was required. In a burglary prosecution, where the only element to be proven circumstantially is that of intent, no charge on circumstantial evidence is required. Stearn v. State, 571 S.W.2d 177 (Tex.Cr.App.1978).

There being no reversible error, the judgment is affirmed.