At page 881 Reviewing district court consideration of sentencing factors55 citing casesdiscussing appellate review of sentencing decisions under abuse-of-discretion standard
- United States v. Kyle Tremblay, No. 22-3496 (8th Cir. Dec. 28, 2023).unpublishedThe district court “has substantial latitude to determine how much weight to give the various factors under § 3553(a).” United States v. Salazar-Aleman, 741 F.3d 878, 881 (8th Cir. 2013).
- United States v. Eric Holloway, No. 21-1728 (8th Cir. Sept. 10, 2021).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. Richard Robinson, No. 21-1629 (8th Cir. Sept. 9, 2021).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. Michael Lewis, No. 21-1700 (8th Cir. Sept. 7, 2021).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. Kelvin Baez, 983 F.3d 1029 (8th Cir. 2020).publishedLOKEN, Circuit Judge, concurs in the judgment and joins the opinion except Section II.A.2. ______________________________ 3 To the extent that Baez means to suggest that the district court failed to give adequate consideration to § 3553(a)…
- United States v. Andrew Shannon-Dickens, No. 19-2865 (8th Cir. Apr. 29, 2020).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. Patrick Colvin, No. 19-1888 (8th Cir. Dec. 18, 2019).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. Gustavo Gutierrez Hernandez, No. 18-1171 (8th Cir. Nov. 13, 2018).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. Travis Eaton, 607 F. App'x 594 (8th Cir. 2015).unpublished(under substantive review, district court abuses its discretion if it fails to consider relevant factor, gives significant weight to improper or irrelevant factor, or commits clear error of judgmentfin weighing factors)
- United States v. Abraham Sanchez-Angeles, 586 F. App'x 248 (8th Cir. 2014).unpublished(outlining substantive reasonableness test)
Show 45 more citing cases
- United States v. Jesus Villanueva, No. 24-1765 (8th Cir. July 15, 2025).unpublished See Salazar-Aleman, 741 F.3d at 880-81 .
- United States v. Palmira Garcia, No. 21-2521 (8th Cir. Dec. 28, 2021).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. James Hawkins, No. 20-3389 (8th Cir. Aug. 6, 2021).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Marco Barraza, No. 20-2948 (8th Cir. July 20, 2021).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Vonzel Rayford, No. 20-2636 (8th Cir. Jan. 22, 2021).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Hasheem Johnson, No. 19-3640 (8th Cir. Jan. 22, 2021).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Derrick Givens, No. 20-1996 (8th Cir. Jan. 22, 2021).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Javier Arredondo, No. 20-1393 (8th Cir. Oct. 30, 2020).unpublished(stating that under a substantive reasonableness review, the district court abuses its discretion if it “fails to consider a relevant factor,” “gives significant weight to an improper or irrelevant factor,” or “commits a…)
- United States v. Kasey Konzem, No. 20-1725 (8th Cir. Oct. 8, 2020).unpublished(stating that under a substantive-reasonableness review, the district court abuses its discretion if it “fails to consider a relevant factor,” “gives significant weight to an improper or irrelevant factor,” or “commits a…)
- United States v. Paul Castillo, No. 20-1548 (8th Cir. Sept. 14, 2020).unpublished(stating that under a substantive reasonableness review, the district court abuses its discretion if it “fails to consider a relevant factor,” “gives significant weight to an improper or irrelevant factor,” or “commits a…)
- United States v. Norris Culver, Jr., No. 20-1189 (8th Cir. Aug. 7, 2020).unpublishedSee United States v. Salazar-Aleman, 741 F.3d 878, 881 (8th Cir. 2013); see also United States v. Callaway, 762 F.3d 754, 760 (8th Cir. 2014).
- United States v. Corey Barr, No. 19-2611 (8th Cir. June 29, 2020).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Vernon Williams, No. 19-2857 (8th Cir. Mar. 23, 2020).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. Brandon Johnson, No. 19-1186 (8th Cir. Feb. 27, 2020).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. Braiden Despenas, No. 19-2650 (8th Cir. Feb. 20, 2020).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Byron Teehee, No. 19-1851 (8th Cir. Nov. 25, 2019).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Eric Perez, No. 19-1603 (8th Cir. Oct. 16, 2019).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Todd Farver, No. 19-1255 (8th Cir. Sept. 13, 2019).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Juan Cabrera-Ramirez, No. 18-2503 (8th Cir. Mar. 28, 2019).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Eric Sandoval, No. 17-3736 (8th Cir. Feb. 5, 2019).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions under abuse-of-discretion standard)
- United States v. Adam Billings, No. 18-1872 (8th Cir. Jan. 10, 2019).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. Jaysen Lane Heyer, No. 18-1438 (8th Cir. Nov. 16, 2018).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. Michele McGee, No. 18-1448 (8th Cir. Nov. 8, 2018).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Jason Eisenach, No. 17-3781 (8th Cir. Oct. 16, 2018).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. Nathan Wagner, No. 17-3400 (8th Cir. July 30, 2018).unpublished(standard of review)
- United States v. Christin Barnes, No. 17-2952 (8th Cir. Mar. 22, 2018).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Philip Lampe, 712 F. App'x 590 (8th Cir. 2018).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Agron Simpson, 709 F. App'x 410 (8th Cir. 2018).unpublished(describing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Jeremy Saul, 701 F. App'x 541 (8th Cir. 2017).unpublished(concluding that sentence was not substantively unreasonable when district court had acknowledged mitigating evidence)
- United States v. Sanchez, 700 F. App'x 568 (8th Cir. 2017).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Guillermo Sanchez, No. 17-1715 (8th Cir. Nov. 9, 2017).unpublished(discussing appellate review of sentencing decisions)
- United States v. Metrick Jenkins, 698 F. App'x 863 (8th Cir. 2017).unpublished(under substantive reasonableness review, district court abuses its discretion if it fails to consider relevant factor, gives significant weight to improper or irrelevant factor, or commits clear error of judgment in wei…)
- United States v. Samuel Irvin, 691 F. App'x 297 (8th Cir. 2017).unpublished(concluding that sentence was not substantively unreasonable when district court had *299 acknowledged mitigating evidence)
- United States v. Luis Preciado, 590 F. App'x 654 (8th Cir. 2015).unpublished
- United States v. Felipe Yanez-Estrada, 592 F. App'x 539 (8th Cir. 2015).unpublished
- United States v. Joseph Griffin-Cooke, 593 F. App'x 592 (8th Cir. 2015).unpublished
- United States v. William Marshall, 596 F. App'x 522 (8th Cir. 2015).unpublished
- United States v. Leopoldo Gamma-Deleon, 597 F. App'x 402 (8th Cir. 2015).unpublished
- United States v. Randy Bise, 610 F. App'x 587 (8th Cir. 2015).unpublished
- United States v. Mustafa Mohamed, 623 F. App'x 839 (8th Cir. 2015).unpublished
- United States v. Dong Pyou Han, 628 F. App'x 457 (8th Cir. 2016).unpublished
- United States v. Jeremy Bolden, 633 F. App'x 356 (8th Cir. 2016).unpublished
- United States v. Joshua Thomas, 638 F. App'x 571 (8th Cir. 2016).unpublished
- United States v. Timothy Colhour, 639 F. App'x 387 (8th Cir. 2016).unpublished
- United States v. Eugene Graziano, Jr., 668 F. App'x 179 (8th Cir. 2016).unpublished
At page 880 Reviewing procedural and substantive sentencing reasonableness8 citing casesmitigating role
- United States v. Thomas Clutts, Jr., No. 19-2866 (8th Cir. July 9, 2020).unpublished(mitigating role)
- United States v. Jose Garcia, 946 F.3d 413 (8th Cir. 2019).publishedIn applying these factors, the court engages in “a comparative analysis: each participant’s actions should be compared against the other participants, and each participant’s culpability should be evaluated in relation to the elements of th…
- United States v. Elio Rodriguez, No. 17-2386 (8th Cir. Dec. 11, 2018).unpublished“In reviewing the district court’s sentence, ‘[w]e must first ensure that the district court committed no significant procedural error.’” United States v. Salazar-Aleman, 741 F.3d 878, 880 (8th Cir. 2013) (alteration in original) (quoting…
- United States v. Marcos Perez-Trevino, No. 17-1289 (8th Cir. May 29, 2018).publishedSENTENCING In reviewing a district court’s sentence we “first ensure that the district court committed no significant procedural error.” United States v. Salazar-Aleman, 741 F.3d 878, 880 (8th Cir. 2013) (quoting United States v. Feemster,…
- United States v. Sharrod Rowe, 878 F.3d 623 (8th Cir. 2017).publishedUnited States v. Salazar-Aleman, 741 F.3d 878, 880 (8th Cir. 2013).
- United States v. Jesus Villanueva, No. 24-1765 (8th Cir. July 15, 2025).unpublished See Salazar-Aleman, 741 F.3d at 880-81 .
- United States v. John Beridon, Jr., 43 F.4th 882 (8th Cir. 2022).published Transportation is a necessary part of illegal drug distribution, and the facts of the case are critical in considering a reduction for minor role. 235 F.3d at 1090 (cleaned up); accord United States v. Salazar-Aleman, 741 F.3d 878, 880-81…
- United States v. Esther Durham, 836 F.3d 903 (8th Cir. 2016).published
Other citing cases
- United States v. Jesus Godinez-Contreras, No. 22-2667 (8th Cir. July 20, 2023).unpublished
v.
Ramiro SALAZAR-ALEMAN, Defendant-Appellant
Ramiro Salazar-Aleman pled guilty to aiding and abetting the possession of more than 500 grams of methamphetamine with intent to distribute, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1), (b)(l)(A)(viii), and 18 U.S.C. § 2. Salazar-Aleman objected to the pre-sentence investigation report, seeking a reduction in his offense level for a mitigating role pursuant to United States Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3B1.2 (2011). The district court [1] denied this objection and imposed a sentence of 108 months, the lowest end of the calculated guidelines range. Salazar-Aleman filed a motion to vacate his sentence under 28 U.S.C. § 2255, asserting his trial counsel was ineffective for failure to file a notice of appeal as requested. The district court granted the motion and re-sentenced Salazar-Aleman. Now on ap[*880] peal, Salazar-Aleman contends his sentence is both procedurally unsound and substantively unreasonable. He argues the district court erred in refusing to apply a mitigating role reduction and failed to give proper weight to the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) sentencing factors. We affirm.
I. Background
In December 2010, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) agents were conducting surveillance on a suspected “stash house” for methamphetamine when agents observed a vehicle leave the garage and return several times. On the last trip, the Sheriffs Office executed a traffic stop. Salazar-Aleman was driving the vehicle accompanied by a passenger. During the course of a consensual search of the vehicle, the officers discovered 831.7 grams of methamphetamine hidden in the trunk. Salazar-Aleman states that he was unpaid for his services, but knew drugs were being loaded into the vehicle. He was indicted for conspiracy to distribute methamphetamine as well as aiding and abetting the possession with intent to distribute methamphetamine. Salazar-Aleman pled guilty to the aiding and abetting charge, and the conspiracy count was dismissed after sentencing.
II. Discussion
In reviewing the district court’s sentence, “[w]e ‘must first ensure that the district court committed no significant procedural error.’ ” United States v. Feemster, 572 F.3d 455, 461 (8th Cir.2009) (en banc) (quoting Gall v. United States, 552 U.S. 38, 51, 128 S.Ct. 586, 169 L.Ed.2d 445 (2007)). We then consider whether the sentence is substantively reasonable. Id.
A. Mitigating Role Reduction
Salazar-Aleman first argues the district court committed procedural error by denying him a mitigating role reduction pursuant to § 3B1.2 of the sentencing guidelines. Section 3B1.2 provides for a two- to four-level reduction in a defendant’s offense level when the defendant “plays a part in committing the offense that makes him substantially less culpable.” U.S.S.G. § 3B1.2, cmt. n. 3(A). The district court’s grant or denial of a mitigating role reduction is a factual finding reviewed for clear error. United States v. Ellis, 890 F.2d 1040, 1041 (8th Cir.1989); see also United States v. Young, 689 F.3d 941, 946 (8th Cir.2012), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 133 S.Ct. 902, 184 L.Ed.2d 699 (2013), and cert. denied, - U.S.-, 133 S.Ct. 1475, 185 L.Ed.2d 377 (2013). The defendant bears the burden of proving that he is entitled to this reduction. United States v. Chatman, 119 F.3d 1335, 1341 (8th Cir.1997); see also Young, 689 F.3d at 946.
As the sentencing guidelines make clear, a defendant’s entitlement to a mitigating role reduction requires a comparative analysis: “each participant’s actions should be compared against the other participants, and each participant’s culpability should be evaluated in relation to the elements of the offense.” United States v. Deans, 590 F.3d 907, 909 (8th Cir.2010) (quotation omitted). Salazar-Aleman never compares his culpability to that of his co-defendants, such as the vehicle’s passenger or others involved with the stash house. And the record is similarly lacking in these details. See United States v. Bueno, 443 F.3d 1017, 1022 (8th Cir.2006) (reversing a district court’s grant of a reduction when defendant “offered no evidence of the relative culpabilities of other participants in the offense and therefore did not carry his burden of proving that he was eligible for the reduction”).
Instead of this comparison, Salazar-Aleman emphasizes his involvement[*881] was limited to being a courier in a single transaction. Even if we accept these assertions as true, the Eighth Circuit has never found someone’s role as a courier in and of itself sufficient to warrant a mitigating role reduction. See, e.g., United States v. Pruneda, 518 F.3d 597, 606 (8th Cir.2008) (rejecting an argument for a reduction based on the defendant’s role as a courier because “transportation of the drugs is ‘a necessary part of illegal drug distribution’”) (quoting United States v. Martinez, 168 F.3d 1043, 1048 (8th Cir.1999)). Similarly, a defendant’s involvement in a single transaction does not compel a finding of clear error. See United States v. Alverez, 235 F.3d 1086, 1090-91 (8th Cir.2000) (upholding the denial of a mitigating role reduction for the driver in a single transaction). Based on the record before us, Salazar-Aleman has failed to meet his burden, and the district court’s denial of a mitigating role reduction was not clear error.
B. 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) Sentencing Factors
Salazar-Aleman next argues the district court committed procedural error in failing to properly consider all the sentencing factors in 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). We review sentences “whether inside or outside the Guidelines range” under “a deferential abuse-of-discretion standard.” Feemster, 572 F.3d at 461 (quotation omitted).
More specifically, “[w]e do not require a district court to provide a mechanical recitation of the § 3553(a) factors.... Rather, it simply must be clear from the record that the district court actually considered the § 3553(a) factors in determining the sentence.” Id. at 461 (quotation omitted); see also Rita v. United States, 551 U.S. 338, 358-59, 127 S.Ct. 2456, 168 L.Ed.2d 203 (2007) (acknowledging that the judge could have said more about considering the sentencing factors, but the record made clear he “listened to each argument” for a below-guidelines sentence). The record in this case makes clear that the district court considered the § 3553(a) factors. The district court expressly stated, “I’ve [] reviewed all of those sentencing factors set out in § 3553(a)” and specifically invited Salazar-Aleman to underscore any of the factors for particular consideration. There is no evidence in the record to suggest the district court did not consider the arguments Salazar-Aleman presented, and we find no procedural error.
C. Substantive Reasonableness
Finally, Salazar-Aleman argues his sentence was substantively unreasonable because the district court improperly weighed the § 3553(a) factors. The substantive reasonableness of a sentence is also reviewed for abuse of discretion. Feemster, 572 F.3d at 461 (citing Gall, 552 U.S. at 51, 128 S.Ct. 586). A district court abuses its discretion when it “(1) fails to consider a relevant factor that should have received significant weight; (2) gives significant weight to an improper or irrelevant factor; or (3) considers only the appropriate factors but in weighing those factors commits a clear error of judgment.” Id. (quotation omitted).
This deferential standard of review is coupled with a district court’s wide discretion. The district court “has substantial latitude to determine how much weight to give the various factors under § 3553(a).” United States v. Ruelas-Mendez, 556 F.3d 655, 657 (8th Cir.2009); see also United States v. Gasaway, 684 F.3d 804, 808 (8th Cir.2012) (“It was within the court’s discretion to determine what weight to give each factor in the determination of [the defendant’s] sentence.”).[*882] Here, the district court expressly stated it had taken into account all § 3553(a) factors and imposed a sentence at the bottom of the calculated guidelines range. Salazar-Aleman argues that if the district court had properly weighed the factors, the court “would have realized that only the serious[ness] of the offense, due to the drug quantity, supported a within guidelines range sentence.” The district court acknowledged that Salazar-Aleman is married and has close family ties, has attended Narcotics Anonymous and continuing education classes while incarcerated, and has a limited criminal history. The district court also recommended participation in drug treatment as part of his sentencing, and urged Salazar-Aleman to further his education. Though 108 months is a lengthy sentence, we cannot say the district court abused its discretion.
III. Conclusion
For these reasons, the judgment of the district court is affirmed.
. The Honorable Robert T. Dawson, United States District Judge for the Western District of Arkansas.