At page 1207 Determining precedential effect of summary affirmance8 citing cases555 (1973). We held in our opinion that a prior summary affirmance of a three-judge court decision by the Supreme Court in Romero v. Hodgson, 403 U.S. 901, 91…
- Westinghouse Elec. Corp. v. Maryland Comm'n on Human Relations, 520 F. Supp. 539 (D. Md. 1981).publishedAs noted by the Second Circuit in Delta Air Lines, “ ‘the privilege of disregarding even summary Supreme Court holdings rests with that court alone,’ ” 650 F.2d at 1295, quoting Doe v. Hodgson, 500 F.2d 1206, 1207-08 (2d Cir. 1974).
- Delta Air Lines, Inc. v. Kramarsky, 650 F.2d 1287 (2d Cir. 1981).publishedDoe v. Hodgson, 500 F.2d 1206, 1207-08 (2d Cir. 1974).
- 25 Fair empl.prac.cas. 1193, 26 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 31,831, 2 Emp. Benefits Ca 1336 Delta Air Lines, Inc., Allegheny Airlines, Inc., Nat'l Airlines, Inc., Piedmont Aviation, Inc., Braniff Airways, Inc., North Cent. Airlines, Inc., S. Airways, Inc., E. Air Lines, Inc., Nw. Airlines, Inc., Trans World Airlines, Inc., Ozark Air Lines, Inc., Am. Airlines, Inc., Pan Am. World Airways, Inc., & United Air Lines, Inc., Plaintiffs-Appellees- Cross-Appellants v. Werner H. Kramarsky, Individually & in His Capacity as Comm'r of the New York State Div. of Human Rights Ann Thacher Anderson, Individually & in Her Capacity as Gen. Couns. of the New York State Div. of Human Rights the New York State Div. of Human Rights, an Agency of the Exec. Dep't of the State of New York Arthur Cooperman, Individually & in His Capacity as Chairman of the New York State Workmen's Comp. Bd. & the New York State Workmen's Comp. Bd., Defendants-Appellants-Cross-Appellees, 650 F.2d 1287 (2d Cir. 1981).publishedDoe v. Hodgson, 500 F.2d 1206, 1207-08 (2d Cir. 1974). 23 Plaintiffs also argue that the timing of the Minnesota dismissal weakens its precedential force.
- Gagne v. Maher, 594 F.2d 336 (2d Cir. 1979).published In this circuit, summary holdings of the Supreme Court are binding precedent, Doe v. Hodgson, 500 F.2d 1206, 1207-08 (2d Cir. 1974), and we do not interpret subsequent Supreme Court decisions as overruling Sims v. Amos. 5 Thus, we adhere t…
- Charles Ben Howell v. Clarence Jones, Sheriff, 516 F.2d 53 (5th Cir. 1975).publishedJ., concurring); Edelman v. Jordan, 415 U.S. 651, 671 , 94 S.Ct. 1347 , 39 L.Ed.2d 662 (1974); Rios v. Dillman, 499 F.2d 329 , 334 n.8 (5th Cir. 1974); Doe v. Hodgson, 478 F.2d 536, 539 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 414 U.S. 1096 , 94 S.Ct. 732…
- J. B. Taylor v. E. P. Perini, Superintendent, 503 F.2d 899 (6th Cir. 1974).published As we said in our prior opinion, 478 F.2d at 540: Given Romero, the slate is not clean; plaintiffs must obtain any further writings on it in this case from the Supreme Court.' 62 Doe v. Hodgson, 500 F.2d 1206 at 1207-1208 (2d Cir. 1974). 6…
- Bond v. Stanton, 528 F.2d 688 (7th Cir. 1976).published See also Sincock v. Obara, 320 F.Supp. 1098 (D.Del.1970) (three-judge court) 3 Compare the discussion in the Sixth Circuit's Jordon v. Gilligan, supra, 500 F.2d at 707 --708, with Doe v. Hodgson, 500 F.2d 1206 , 1207--1208 (2d Cir. 1974),…
Other citing cases
- Sagers v. Yellow Freight Sys., Inc., 68 F.R.D. 686 (N.D. Ga. 1975).published
v.
James D. HODGSON, Secretary of Labor, Et Al., Defendants
Plaintiffs in the above-entitled action seek permission to present a motion to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, under Fed.R.Civ.P. 60(b)(6), requesting that the judgment dismissing their complaint in June 1972, 344 F.Supp. 964 (S.D.N.Y.), be set aside. That judgment was affirmed by this court in May 1973, 478 F.2d 537, and certiorari was denied. 414 U.S. 1096, 94 S.Ct. 732, 38 L.Ed.2d[*1207] 555 (1973). We held in our opinion that a prior summary affirmance of a three-judge court decision by the Supreme Court in Romero v. Hodgson, 403 U.S. 901, 91 S.Ct. 2215, 29 L.Ed.2d 678 (1971), which involved .the same claims, foreclosed further consideration of the matter. This reasoning in our prior opinion is the basis of the present application: Plaintiffs claim that the Supreme Court, in Edelman v. Jordan, 415 U.S. 651, 94 S.Ct. 1347, 39 L.Ed.2d 662 (1974), has now “rejected this Circuit’s view of the drastic precedential impact of an order of summary affirmance.” This seemingly simple motion actually poses two problems: (1) must plaintiffs obtain our permission to file their motion in the district court; and (2) are they right in their assertion that the Court has now stated that summary af-firmances can be disregarded as precedent? As to the former, we apparently regard the issue as an open one. See Smith v. Alleghany Corp., 394 F.2d 381, 388 (1968); Schildhaus v. Moe, 335 F.2d 529, 531 (1964). In the earlier case of Perlman v. 322 West Seventy-Second Street Co., 127 F.2d 716, 719 & n. 2 (1942), Judge Clark, an acknowledged expert on the federal rules, stated that such permission should not be needed. See also S. C. Johnson & Son v. Johnson, 175 F.2d 176, 183-184 (2d Cir. 1949) (Clark, J., dissenting). According to 7 Moore, Federal Practice j[ 60.30 [2] and the cases cited above, most circuit courts that have ruled on the issue require such permission. Professor Moore thinks this stance is correct, but the Advisory Committee for Civil Rules felt to the contrary in 1954 and sided with the position taken by Judge Clark, id. at 428-29, as does Professor Wright. Wright, Law of Federal Courts § 99, at 441 (2d ed. 1970). While this procedural question is interesting, we do not think that we have to reach it because of the insubstantiality of plaintiffs’ claim on the second, and more fundamental, issue before us.
Plaintiffs point out that had we not felt completely bound by the Supreme Court summary affirmance in Romero, we would have agreed that their complaint raised a substantial constitutional question. This assertion is absolutely correct. [1] Plaintiffs argue that the way is now open for the district court to consider their constitutional claim because of the following language in Mr. Justice Rehnquist’s majority opinion in Edel-man v. Jordan, supra:
[T]hese three summary affirmances obviously are of precedential value in support of the contention that the Eleventh Amendment does not bar the relief awarded by the District Court in this case. Equally obviously they are not of the same precedential value as would be an opinion of this Court treating the question on the merits.
415 U.S. at 671, 94 S.Ct. at 1359 (emphasis added). According to plaintiffs, the Supreme Court has thus made clear that the lower federal courts are free to disregard as binding precedent a summary affirmance by the Court like Romero.
We do not agree with this argument. The language quoted above does not say that the circuit courts can disregard summary affirmances by the Supreme Court. At most, it seems to suggest that the Court itself would feel less bound by principles of stare decisis in dealing with issues already decided by a summary affirmance. But we continue to believe that the privilege of disre[*1208] garding even summary Supreme Court holdings rests with that court alone. As we said in our prior opinion, 478 F.2d at 540:
[G]iven Romero, the slate is not clean; plaintiffs must obtain any further writings on it in this case from the Supreme Court.
Application denied. [2]
. Thus, in our prior opinion, we noted:
Although we believe that as an original matter plaintiffs’ basic equal protection claim merits the closest judicial attention, we conclude that under applicable precedent we should not now engage in that pursuit. Because the plight of migrant workers as portrayed in plaintiffs’ complaint is so unfortunate, we reach this conclusion, and consequently affirm, with considerable hesitation. [Footnotes omitted.]
Were we writing on a clean slate, we would take very seriously the assertion that on these facts the statutory exclusions cannot be sustained. But given Romero, the slate is not clean ....
. If anything, recent pronouncements by the Court confirm our views. See Richardson v. Ramirez, -U.S.-, -, 94 S.Ct. 2655, 41 L.Ed.2d 551 (1974), in which Mr. Justice Relinquish, writing for the majority, relies on two summary affirmances of three-judge district court decisions.