Tuttle v. Geo. McQuesten Co., 227 A.D.2d 754 (N.Y. App. Div. 1996). · Go Syfert
Tuttle v. Geo. McQuesten Co., 227 A.D.2d 754 (N.Y. App. Div. 1996). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
35 citation events (24 in the last 25 years) across 7 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Dragone v. Bob Bruno Excavating, Inc. (nyappdiv, 2007-11-29)
Treatment trajectory · 1997 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1997 2011 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 10 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Dragone v. Bob Bruno Excavating, Inc.
N.Y. App. Div. · 2007 · confidence medium
Laub & Co., 82 NY2d 457, 464 [1993]; Gebhardt v Time Warner Entertainment-Advance/Newhouse, 284 AD2d 978, 979 [2001]; Tuttle v McQuesten Co., 227 AD2d 754, 755-756 [1996]; Cohen v Fox-Knapp, Inc., 226 AD2d 207, 207-208 [1996]; cf. Garcia v Allied Parking Sys., 300 AD2d 219, 219 [2002]; see generally Cox v NAP Constr.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Pachter v. Bernard Hodes Group
2d Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
McQuesten Co., 227 A.D.2d 754, 755-56 , 642 N.Y.S.2d 356, 57-58 (3d Dep’t 1996) (“[S]ince the specific statutory violations alleged here make continual reference to the general term ‘employee,’ plaintiff must be afforded statutory protection.” (internal citations omitted)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Pachter v. Bernard Hodes Group, Inc.
2d Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
McQuesten Co., 227 A.D.2d 754, 755-56 , 642 N.Y.S.2d 356, 357-58 (3d Dep’t 1996) (“[Sjince the specific statutory violations alleged here make continual reference to the general term ‘employee,’ plaintiff must be afforded statutory protection.” (internal citations omitted)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Gennes v. Yellow Book of New York, Inc.
N.Y. App. Div. · 2005 · confidence medium
Wages are defined in Labor Law § 190 (1) as the “earnings of an employee for labor or services rendered, regardless of whether the amount of earnings is determined on a time, piece, commission or other basis” (see Truelove v Northeast Capital & Advisory, 95 NY2d 220, 223 [2000]; Tuttle v McQuesten Co., 227 AD2d 754, 756 [1996]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Miteva v. Third Point Management Co., LLC
S.D.N.Y. · 2004 · confidence medium
McQuesten Co., 227 A.D.2d 754 , 642 N.Y.S.2d 356, 358 (3d Dep’t 1996) (finding that “since the specific statutory violations alleged here make continual reference to the general term ‘employee,’ ... [executive] plaintiff must be afforded statutory protection.”). d.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Gates v. Arreaza
N.Y. Sup. Monroe · 2004 · confidence medium
McQuesten Co., Inc. , 227 AD2d 754, 756 [3rd Dept. 1996]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Coan v. Tremont Advisors, Inc.
D. Conn. · 2001 · confidence medium
Brief at 9; Tuttle v. Geo McQuesten Co. Inc., 227 A.D.2d 754 , 642 N.Y.S.2d 356, 357-58 (1996) (commission sales person is employee whose wages are protected under New York Labor Law).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Reilly v. Natwest Markets Group Inc. (2×) also: Cited "see"
2d Cir. · 1999 · confidence medium
McQuesten Co., 642 N.Y.S.2d 356, 358 (3d Dep't 1996) (commissions based on percentage of sales were "wages" because they were "earned" and the employee had "a vested right to [them] at the time of his resignation"); Daley v. Related Cos., 581 N.Y.S.2d 758 , 759, 762 (1st Dep't 1992) (compensation comprised of "commissions based on [percentage of] real estate syndications" were "wages" covered by the Labor Law). 35 Here, Reilly's pay was guaranteed under the Percentage Bonus formula to be a percentage of the revenue he generated, and was not left to NatWest's discretion.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Reilly v. NatWest Markets Group Inc. (2×) also: Cited "see"
2d Cir. · 1999 · confidence medium
McQuesten Co., 227 A.D.2d 754 , 642 N.Y.S.2d 356, 358 (3d Dep’t 1996) (commissions based on percentage of sales were “wages” because they were “earned” and the employee had “a vested right to [them] at the time of his resignation”); Daley v. Related Cos., 179 A.D.2d 55 , 581 N.Y.S.2d 758 , 759, 762 (1st Dep’t 1992) (compensation comprised of “commissions based on [percentage of] real estate syndications” were “wages” covered by the Labor Law).
discussed Cited "see" Corcoran v. GATX Corp.
N.Y. App. Div. · 2008 · signal: see · confidence high
That subdivision excludes from the term commission salesman “an employee whose principal activity is of a supervisory, managerial, executive or administrative nature.” Labor Law § 193 “applies equally to all employees as defined in section 190 (2), and whether or not plaintiff comes under the definition of ‘commission salesman’ in section 190 (6) is simply irrelevant” (Daley v Related Cos., 179 AD2d 55, 58 [1992]; see Tuttle v McQuesten Co., 227 AD2d 754, 755-756 [1996]).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Gregory D. Tuttle
v.
Geo. McQuesten Company, Inc.
Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York.
May 9, 1996.
227 A.D.2d 754
Peters.
Cited by 19 opinions  |  Published
Peters, J.

Appeals (1) from an order of the Supreme Court (Hughes, J.), entered June 28, 1995 in Albany County, which, inter alia, granted plaintiff’s motion for partial summary judgment, and (2) from the judgment entered thereon.

In December 1984, plaintiff was hired by defendant as the branch and sales manager of its wholesale lumber business located in the Town of Guilderland, Albany County.* In connection therewith, plaintiff assumed sales responsibilities as well as general managerial and administrative duties. Plaintiff’s initial compensation package consisted of a base salary plus commissions calculated at 25% of total gross margin earned on sales, less various operating expenses and charges. In July 1985, plaintiff’s compensation package was revised whereby the base salary was eliminated and replaced with straight commission, subject to a guaranteed minimum.

In December 1985, plaintiff’s compensation package was again revised to reflect an annual salary of $60,000 per year, plus commissions, based upon the terms of a compensation "plan” presented by defendant. It provided, in relevant part, as follows:

"[a]ny amount of [plaintiff’s] gross income in excess of $75,000 for any fiscal year * * * will be divided into three equal payments with one third being due for payment at the end of the year in which it is earned, one third payable at the end of the following year and the final one third payable at the end of the next following year. As an example if it were determined that your total income for year end 3/31/86 was $120,000, the $45,000 in excess of $75,000 would be paid as follows:

"$15,000 on 5/30/86 "$15,000 on 5/30/87 "$15,000 on 5/30/88.”

[*755] The plan required, with minimal exception, that in order to receive what defendant termed as "hold over monies”, plaintiff had to be employed by defendant at the time that these payments came due.

In May 1993, plaintiff resigned and requested that defendant pay him all "hold over monies” withheld from him pursuant to the aforementioned compensation plan. Defendant refused plaintiff’s request, prompting the commencement of this action in December 1994 seeking, inter alia, payment of the money, plus interest, due to alleged violations of Labor Law §§190 and 193 and Federal ERISA statutes (see, 29 USC § 1001 et seq.). After joinder of issue and cross motions for summary judgment, plaintiff was granted partial summary judgment by successfully establishing that the withheld moneys constituted "wages” pursuant to Labor Law § 190 and, thus, under Labor Law article 6, defendant was not entitled to withhold these payments as a matter of law (see, Labor Law § 193). Defendant appeals, contending that the withheld moneys are not "wages” as defined by Labor Law § 190 but, rather, represent an incentive compensation plan not entitled to the statute’s protection.

The determinative issue on this appeal is the applicability of Labor Law article 6. Upon our review of the record, we agree with Supreme Court that due to the unambiguous terms of the parties’ written compensation agreement, summary judgment was appropriately granted (see, W. W. W. Assocs. v Giancontieri, 77 NY2d 157, 162-163; Long Is. R. R. Co. v Northville Indus. Corp., 41 NY2d 455, 461; Struble v Chapman, 222 AD2d 856; Riggs v Riggs, 205 AD2d 864).

Addressing defendant’s first contention that since plaintiff’s employment was primarily managerial he would not be an "employee” entitled to the protections of Labor Law article 6, we note that Labor Law § 190 defines all relevant terms for specific application to this article. Therein, it defines an " 'Employee’ ” as "any person employed for hire by an employer in any employment” (Labor Law § 190 [2]). Acknowledging that Labor Law § 190 also defines other types of employees for those instances when specific reference is made in various provisions of this article and that such definitions include that of a " 'commission salesman’ ” which excludes "an employee whose principal activity is of a supervisory, managerial, executive or administrative nature” (Labor Law § 190 [6]), we find that since the specific statutory violations alleged here make continual reference to the general term "employee” (compare, Labor Law §§ 193, 198, with Labor Law § 191), plaintiff must be afforded[*756] statutory protection (see, Daley v Related Cos., 179 AD2d 55, 57-58; see also, Matter of Dean Witter Reynolds v Ross, 75 AD2d 373; Klepner v Codata Corp., 139 Misc 2d 382, affd 150 AD2d 994).

As to defendant’s contention that the money at issue is a form of incentive compensation and, as such, does not fall within the definition of " 'Wages’ ” pursuant to Labor Law § 190 (1), again we disagree based upon the terms of the compensation plan in question (cf., Matter of Dean Witter Reynolds v Ross, supra, at 381-382). Wages are defined in Labor Law § 190 (1) as the "earnings of an employee for labor or services rendered, regardless of whether the amount of earnings is determined on a time, piece, commission or other basis”. The plan here at issue, notably written by defendant, explicitly states that for each year, the first third of the deferred amount of plaintiffs gross income in excess of $75,000 will be "due” at the end of the fiscal year in which it is "earned”. By such clear and unambiguous language, summary judgment was appropriately granted on this issue since, pursuant to the terms of the parties’ agreement, plaintiff had a vested right to these moneys at the time of his resignation (see, W. W. W. Assocs. v Giancontieri, supra, at 162-163; Struble v Chapman, supra; Riggs v Riggs, supra). Upholding a forfeiture thereof would be violative of public policy (see, Weiner v Diebold Group, 173 AD2d 166, 167; see also, Cohen v Lord, Day & Lord, 75 NY2d 95).

Cardona, P. J., Crew III, White and Casey, JJ., concur. Ordered that the order and judgment are affirmed, with costs.

Defendant is headquartered in Massachusetts and has sales offices and warehouses in several locations, whereby it purchases lumber wholesale from producers and sells it to retail lumber companies.