Dekalu Add Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63 (2d Cir. 1994). · Go Syfert
Dekalu Add Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63 (2d Cir. 1994). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
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At page 65 Ancillary jurisdiction over post-trial property return motions44 citing cases“made after the termination of criminal proceedings against the defendant ... such a motion should be treated as a civil complaint for equitable relief.”3 citing courts quote it · 42 listed here
  • Adeyi v. United States, 489 F. Supp. 2d 187 (E.D.N.Y. 2007).published 3 cites
    ([T]he district court was required to take evidence and make factual findings to identify any items still in the possession of the Government and any items that might have been lost.)
  • United States v. Reddick, No. 23-6946 (2d Cir. Nov. 24, 2025).unpublished
    A “defendant’s post-trial motion for return of seized property,” if “made after the termination of criminal proceedings against the defendant, . . . should be treated as a civil complaint for equitable relief.” Rufu v. United States, 20 F.…
  • Kee v. United States, No. 1:20-cv-01840 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 9, 2020).
    Kee responded on July 21.2 Under 28 U.S.C. § 2401 (a), “every civil action commenced against the United States shall be barred unless the complaint is filed within six years after the right of action first accrues.” When a motion for the r…
  • Kee v. United States, No. 1:20-cv-01840 (S.D.N.Y. May 4, 2020). 2 cites
    (holding that § 2401(a) provides the statute of limitations for a new “civil complaint for equitable relief)
  • United States v. Patrick B. Wallace, No. 15-3796 (7th Cir. May 25, 2016).unpublished
    See Stevens, 500 F.3d at 628 ; United States v. Cardona‐Sandoval, 518 F.3d 13, 16 (1st Cir. 2008); United States v. Albinson, 356 F.3d 278, 282 (3d Cir. 2004); United States v. Chambers, 192 F.3d 374 , 377–78 (3d Cir. 1999); United States…
  • United States v. Cardona-Sandoval, 518 F.3d 13 (1st Cir. 2008).published
    The Second Circuit has noted that the DEA is presumed to keep records of the properties it seizes and stores under Department of Justice regulations found at 41 C.F.R. § 128-50.101 . 4 “With these records at hand, is should be a simple mat…
  • People v. Hargrave, 179 P.3d 226 (Colo. Ct. App. 2007).published 2 cites
    See, e.g., United States v. Martinez, 241 F.3d 1329, 1330-31 (11th Cir.2001); Okoro v. Bohman, 164 F.3d 1059, 1061-62 (7th Cir.1999); United States v. Garcia, 65 F.3d 17, 19-21 (4th Cir.1995); Thompson v. Covington, 47 F.3d 974, 975 (8th C…
  • United States v. Uribe-Londono, 238 F. App'x 628 (1st Cir. 2007).unpublished 2 cites
    (reversing denial of Rule 41(g)
  • DeLoge v. State, 2007 WY 71, 156 P.3d 1004.published
    See also United States v. Chambers, 192 F.3d 374, 376 (3d Cir.1999) (stating that a Rule 41(e) motion made after criminal proceedings end is treated as a civil proceeding for equitable relief); United States v. Solis, 108 F.3d 722, 722 (7t…
  • Ibinga Bertin v. United States of Am., Docket No. 05-4503-Cv, 478 F.3d 489 (2d Cir. 2007).published
    For example, if a Rule 41(g) motion is “made after the termination of criminal proceedings against the defendant,” we treat it “as a civil complaint for equitable relief,” Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994) (per curiam), f…
Show 32 more citing cases
  • United States v. New York Racing Ass'n, 436 F. Supp. 2d 406 (E.D.N.Y. 2006).published
    Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994); Soviero v. United States, 967 F.2d 791, 792 (2d Cir.1992); Mora v. United States, 955 F.2d 156, 158 (2d Cir.1992).
  • In Re Stabile, 436 F. Supp. 2d 406 (E.D.N.Y. 2006).published
    Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994); Soviero v. United States, 967 F.2d 791, 792 (2d Cir.1992); Mora v: United States, 955 F.2d 156, 158 (2d Cir.1992).
  • United States v. Kaczynski, 306 F. Supp. 2d 952 (E.D. Cal. 2004).published
    RETURN OF PROPERTY MOTION Ancillary jurisdiction exists over Kaczynski’s motion because he pled guilty in this district to several crimes. 2 Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994).
  • Amadi v. United States, 220 F.R.D. 190 (N.D.N.Y. 2004).published
    Soviero v. United States, 967 F.2d 791, 792-93 (2d Cir.1992) (citing United States v. Mar-tinson, 809 F.2d 1364, 1367 (9th Cir.1987)); Mora v. United States, 955 F.2d 156, 158 (2d Cir.1992) (same) (citing Martinson, 809 F.2d at 1367 ); Tou…
  • Hammed Adeleke v. United States, 355 F.3d 144 (2d Cir. 2004).published
    The district court noted the sovereign immunity issue in this case but considered itself bound by Mora v. United States, 955 F.2d at 160 ; Soviero v. United States, 967 F.2d 791, 792-93 (2d Cir.1992); and Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63,…
  • Maiola v. State, 82 P.3d 38 (Nev. 2004).published
    Const. art 1, § 8(5). [5] Levingston v. Washoe Co., 112 Nev. 479, 484 , 916 P.2d 163, 166 (1996). [6] United States v. Martinson, 809 F.2d 1364, 1366-67 (9th Cir.1987); see also U.S. v. Martinez, 241 F.3d 1329, 1330 (11th Cir.2001) (noting…
  • United States v. Buhler, 278 F. Supp. 2d 1297 (M.D. Fla. 2003).published
    (jurisdiction existed to resolve issue of seized property)
  • United States v. Parlavecchio, 57 F. App'x 917 (3d Cir. 2003).unpublished
    See United States v. Chambers, 192 F.3d 374, 376 (3d Cir.1999); Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir. 1994).
  • McBean v. United States, 43 F. App'x 853 (6th Cir. 2002).unpublished
    Although earlier authority exists in which other courts concluded that money damages are available under Rule 41(e), see United States v. Solis, 108 F.3d 722, 722-23 (7th Cir.1997); Rufa v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994); Unit…
  • United States v. Gabriel Alvaro Scaff Martinez, 241 F.3d 1329 (11th Cir. 2001).published
    See United States v. Chambers, 192 F.3d 374, 376 (3d Cir.1999) (stating that a Rule 41(e) motion made after criminal proceedings end “is treated as a civil proceeding for equitable relief.”); United States v. Solis, 108 F.3d 722, 722 (7th…
  • United States v. Scaff-Martinez, No. 98-5915 (11th Cir. Feb. 12, 2001).published
    See United States v. Chambers, 192 F.3d 374 , 376 5 (3d Cir. 1999) (stating that a Rule 41(e) motion made after criminal proceedings end “is treated as a civil proceeding for equitable relief.”); United States v. Solis, 108 F.3d 722, 722 (…
  • Pimentel v. United States Drug Enf't Admin., 99 F. Supp. 2d 420 (S.D.N.Y. 2000).published
    See 28 U.S.C. § 1915 (e); Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994); Onwubiko v. United States, 969 F.2d 1392, 1399 (2d Cir.1992); Bautista v. United States, 813 F.Supp. 187, 188 (E.D.N.Y.1993). 12 .
  • United States v. Bein, No. 99-3822 (3d Cir. June 6, 2000).
    See United States v. McGlory, 202 F.3d 664, 670 (3d Cir. 2000) (en banc); Chambers, 192 F.3d at 376 -77 (citing United States v. Martinson, 809 F.2d 1364 (9th Cir. 1987); Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir. 1994); Thompson v. Co…
  • United States v. Esther Bein & William Bein, 214 F.3d 408 (3d Cir. 2000).published
    See United States v. McGlory, 202 F.3d 664, 670 (3d Cir. 2000) (en banc); Chambers, 192 F.3d at 376 -77 (citing United States v. Martinson, 809 F.2d 1364 (9th Cir.1987); Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994); Thompson v. Covi…
  • United States v. Darryl Burton, 167 F.3d 410 (8th Cir. 1999).published 2 cites
    (remanding case where district court did not receive evidence showing what property was seized and how property was disposed of)
  • United States v. Indelicato, 964 F. Supp. 555 (D. Mass. 1997).published
    See Thompson v. Covington, 47 F.3d 974, 975 (8th Cir.1995); Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994); accord United States v. Giraldo, 45 F.3d 509, 511 (1st Cir.1995).
  • United States v. David Podlog, Also Known as Dima, 108 F.3d 1370 (2d Cir. 1997).unpublished
    The district court must take evidence and make findings of fact where necessary to decide the motion, see Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994), but must hold an evidentiary hearing only "if any disputed material facts are ne…
  • United States v. Miseph, 67 F.3d 289 (1st Cir. 1995).unpublished
    It also acknowledges that the destruction of the property in question here did not render such an action moot--suggesting that the motion could have been treated as an "equitable claim for damages," see, e.g., Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3…
  • United States v. Cardona, 897 F. Supp. 802 (S.D.N.Y. 1995).published 3 cites
    See Toure v. United States, 24 F.3d 444, 445 (2d Cir.1994) (complaint seeking the return of seized property after the conclusion of the underlying criminal case is properly treated as commencing a civil action pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1346…
  • United States v. Nichols, 163 F.R.D. 217 (S.D.N.Y. 1995).published 2 cites
    Cir.1994) (complaint seeking the return of seized property after the conclusion of the underlying criminal case is properly treated as commencing a civil action pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1346 , rather than a motion pursuant to Rule 41(e)); R…
  • Williams v. The Hon. Warrant Issuing Judge, No. 1:16-cv-00115 (W.D.N.Y. Feb. 11, 2020).
    See Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir. 1994).
  • Aguilar v. United States, 268 F. App'x 88 (2d Cir. 2008).unpublished
    See Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994) (per curiam) (noting that a post-conviction Rule 41 motion is properly converted into an equitable civil action).
  • Viola v. United States, 203 F. App'x 366 (2d Cir. 2006).unpublished
    See Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994); Mora v. United States, 955 F.2d 156, 158 (2d Cir.1992).
  • Rene Garcia & Carmen Vazquez Alvarez v. Jane S. Teitler as Pers. Rep. of Stanley A. Teitler, Deceased, 1 Docket No. 04-4886 Cv, 443 F.3d 202 (2d Cir. 2006).published 2 cites
    See Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994); Soviero v. United States, 967 F.2d 791, 792 (2d Cir.1992); Mora v. United States, 955 F.2d 156, 158 (2d Cir.1992).
  • Panek v. United States, 160 F. App'x 122 (2d Cir. 2005).unpublished 2 cites
    See Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994) (per curiam).
  • Amadi v. United States, 282 F. Supp. 2d 1 (N.D.N.Y. 2003).published
    (If a criminal defendant’s post-trial motion for return of seized property is “made after the termination of criminal proceedings against the defendant ... such a motion should be treated as a civil complaint for equitab…)
  • Otonye v. United States, 903 F. Supp. 357 (E.D.N.Y. 1995).published
    See Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994) (per curiam); Soviero v. United States, 967 F.2d 791, 792 (2d Cir.1992); Mora, 955 F.2d at 159-60 ; but see Rufa v. United States, 876 F.Supp. 400 (E.D.N.Y.1994).
  • Douglas Wayne Thompson v. Jeffrey L. Covington, Fbi Agent at Kansas City, Missouri Walter C. Weber, Fbi Special Agent at Kansas City, Missouri, 47 F.3d 974 (8th Cir. 1995).published
    See Rufu, v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994) (per curiam) (district court where defendant tried has ancillary jurisdiction to decide post-trial motion for return of property; motion treated as civil complaint for equitable reli…
  • United States v. Melquiades, 394 F. App'x 578 (11th Cir. 2010).unpublished
    (finding a procedural defect in the district court’s denial of a Rule 41(e) 4 motion and noting that “[a]t the very least, the district court was required to take evidence and make factual findings to identify any items…)
  • Hernandez v. United States, 86 F. Supp. 2d 331 (S.D.N.Y. 2000).published 2 cites
    Soviero v. United States, 967 F.2d 791 , 792-93 .(2d Cir.1992); see also Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994); Mora v. United States, 955 F.2d 156, 158-60 (2d Cir.1992).
  • Ye Wen Hong v. United States, 920 F. Supp. 311 (E.D.N.Y. 1996).published
    Onwubiko, 969 F.2d at 1397 ; see also Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 65 (2d Cir.1994). 3 .
  • United States v. Richard David, 131 F.3d 55 (2d Cir. 1997).published
At page 64 cited at this page2 citing cases
  • United States v. Cintron Moreno, 6 F. App'x 23 (1st Cir. 2001).unpublished
    See United States v. Chambers, 192 F.3d 374, 378 (3d Cir.1999); Rufa v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 64 (2d Cir.1994) (per curiam).
  • United States v. Kelly, 872 F. Supp. 556 (N.D. Ind. 1994).published
    See Rufu v. United States, 20 F.3d 63, 64 (2d Cir.1994) (“The district court where a defendant is tried has ancillary jurisdiction to decide the defendant’s post-trial motion for return of seized property.”); United States v. Price, 914 F.…
Other citing cases1 with no pin cite or quoted language on record
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Dekalu Add RUFU, Petitioner-Appellant,
v.
UNITED STATES of America, Respondent-Appellee
817, Docket 93-2459.
Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.
Mar 28, 1994.
Published opinion
20 F.3d 63
1994 U.S. App. LEXIS 5889
Dekalu Add Rufu, pro se., Zachary W. Carter, U.S. Atty. for the Eastern District of New York, Brooklyn, NY (Emily Berger and Lauren J. Resnick, .Asst. U.S. Attys., Brooklyn, NY, of counsel), for respondent-appellee.
Miner, Mahqney, Restani.
Cited by 54 opinions  |  Published
PER CURIAM:

Petitioner-appellant Dekalu Add Rufu appeals from a June 22, 1993 order of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York (Glasser, J.) denying his motion for the return of personal property seized from him at the time of his arrest, the district court having found that the Government already had returned the property. Rufu also has moved in this Court for the return of his property. For the reasons that follow, we reverse the order of the district •court and remand for further proceedings. ■We deny the motion filed by Rufu in this Court.

BACKGROUND

Rufu was arrested at the JFK International Airport on May 31,1991, and subsequently was convicted, on his plea of guilty, of importing heroin, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 952(a). He was sentenced to a 33-month term of imprisonment. At the time of his arrest, agents of the Drug Enforcement Administration (“DEA”) seized from Rufu two pieces of luggage containing miscellaneous items including, clothing, jewelry and cash.

On January 1, 1993, Rufu filed a motion in the district court-requesting the return of the property seized from him. In particular, Rufu stated that the seized property consisted of “two Suitcases containing ... personal belongs [sic] (clothes, Jewelries, Black leather coat, Documents and others).” By letter dated June 22,1993, the Government advised the district court that Rufu’s property had been returned to him as follows: First, on June 5, 1991, a money order for $262.50 was sent to Rufu. Second, in October of 1991, two pieces of luggage — a “Black ‘GER-HARD’ Model Garment Bag” and a “Brown imitation leather mini duffel bag” — were sent to Rufu’s designated recipient, “Moses Ak-infeleye,” at 116-20 131st St., Queens, NY. The items of luggage were listed on a form entitled “Disposition of Non-Drug Evidence,” prepared by the DEA in October of 1991. Return receipts indicated that the luggage was received by the addressee. Copies of the form and receipts were included with the letter to the district court. Third, a watch, a yellow cross and an empty wallet were returned directly to Rufu in July of 1992. Finally, Rufu’s Nigerian passport and resident alien card were sent to the INS.

[*65] The district court concluded that Rufu’s property already had been returned and dismissed the action the same day it received the Government’s submissions. This appeal followed.

DISCUSSION

The district court where a defendant is tried has ancillary jurisdiction to decide the defendant’s post-trial motion for return of seized property. Soviero v. United States, 967 F.2d 791, 792 (2d Cir.1992). If made after the termination of criminal proceedings against the defendant, as is the case here, such a motion should be treated as a civil complaint for equitable relief. See Onwubiko v. United States, 969 F.2d 1392, 1397 (2d Cir.1992) (motion pursuant to Fed. R.Crim.P. 41(e) should be treated as civil complaint); Mora v. United States, 955 F.2d 156, 160 (2d Cir.1992). That the Government has destroyed or otherwise disposed of the property sought by the movant does not render the motion moot, since the court has authority to award damages in lieu of the equitable relief sought. See Soviero, 967 F.2d at 792-93; Mora, 955 F.2d at 159-61. At the very least, the district court was required to take evidence and make factuál findings to identify any items still in the possession of the Government and any items that might have béen lost. The district court did not follow the proper procedure in this case, because it dismissed Rufu’s motion based on the letter and accompanying documents submitted by the Government. The Government did not file an answer, nor did it file a motion to dismiss. Rufu was not even given an opportunity to respond to the Government’s submission, since the district court denied Rufu’s motion the day it received the submission. Even if we could ignore the procedural defects in this case, we would be constrained to reverse because there was insufficient evidence for the district court to conclude that all of Rufu’s property had been returned.

The Government contends that the luggage containing Rufu’s property was shipped to his designated representative. According to Rufu, his property consisted of a “Black sport bag with wheels, and grey bag (like tennis bag),” rather than the luggage described in the Government’s records. Rufu further contends that the Government sent the property to the wrong address in that his designated recipient was named AMnfaZewo, not Aláníeleye and that Akinfalewo lives on 130th St., not 131st St. Although it appears from the. record that Akinfalewo received the luggage sent to him, inasmuch as the return receipt for the property bears a signature that appears to be his, there is no evidence that the luggage sent to Akinfalewo was that seized from Rufu. Moreover, there is no evidence whatsoever that the luggage sent to Akinfalewo contained the clothing and jewelry that Rufu claims were seized from him. In fact, the records submitted by the Government indicate that the garment bag sent to Akinfalewo was inside the “mini duffel bag,” suggesting that neither piece of luggage contained Rufu’s belongings. -

The DEA is presumed to keep records of the property it seizes and stores. Id. at 158. Pursuant to Department of Justice regulations,

Each bureau shall ... maintain[ ] inventory records of its seized personal property to ensure that:
(a) The date the property was seized is recorded;
(b) All of the property associated with a ease is recorded together under the case name and number;
(c) The location of storage of the property is recorded;
(d) A well documented chain of custody is kept; and
(e) All information in the inventory records is accurate and current.

41 C.F.R. § 128-50.101. With these records at hand, it should be a simple matter for the Government to establish on remand what property was seized from Rufu and.how that property was disposed of. Indeed, the Government contends that “DEA records indicate that the property returned to Rufu’s representative was the same property that had been seized from Rufu at the time of his arrest.” Such records were not submitted to the district court, however. Rufu was arrested in May of 1991, but the earliest document submitted to the district court was dated October 3,1991’and only describes the property sent to Akinfalewo. There is no evidence in the record of what was seized from Rufu. In any event, there is no evi[*66] dence that Rufu’s clothing and jewelry were returned to him. See Mora, 955 F.2d at 158 (dismissal inappropriate where Government did not account for all of petitioner’s property in its affidavits, log entries or other evidence). Since theré are genuine issues of fact concerning the disposition of Rufu’s property, it may be appropriate for the district court to appoint counsel to represent Rufu. See Bautista v. United States, 813 F.Supp. 187, 188 (E.D.N.Y.1993). We leave that decision to the discretion of the district court.

Rufu’s motion in this Court for the return of his property is not a proper subject for a motion in an appellate court. Moreover, it appears that the issue it presents will be resolved by the disposition in the district court. Accordingly, Rufu’s motion in this Court is denied.

CONCLUSION

The order of the district court is reversed and the case is remanded for further proceedings in accordance with the foregoing. Rufu’s motion in this Court for “return of property” is denied.