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5 Virginia opinions name it 2 courts 1997–2022 1 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by Virginia courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
United States v. Dwayne Dolangreen2 sentences2022See Dunaway v. Commonwealth, 52 Va. App. 281, 301 (2008) (“Indeed ‘lay testimony and circumstantial evidence may be sufficient, without the introduction of an expert chemical analysis’ -4- to establish the identity of an illegal drug.” (quoting United States v. Dolan, 544 F.2d 1219, 1221 (4th Cir.1976))). 2011It is well settled that “‘[l]ay testimony and circumstantial evidence may be sufficient, without the introduction of an expert chemical analysis, to establish the identity of the substance involved in an alleged narcotics transaction.’” Cypress, 280 Va. at 318-19, 699 S.E.2d at 214 (quoting United States v. Dolan, 544 F.2d 1219, 1221 (4th Cir. 1976)); accord Dunaway v. Commonwealth, 52 Va. App. 281, 301 , 663 S.E.2d 117, 127 (2008). | 5 | 5 |
Dunaway v. Commonwealthgreen2 sentences2022See Dunaway v. Commonwealth, 52 Va. App. 281, 301 (2008) (“Indeed ‘lay testimony and circumstantial evidence may be sufficient, without the introduction of an expert chemical analysis’ -4- to establish the identity of an illegal drug.” (quoting United States v. Dolan, 544 F.2d 1219, 1221 (4th Cir.1976))). 2011It is well settled that “‘[l]ay testimony and circumstantial evidence may be sufficient, without the introduction of an expert chemical analysis, to establish the identity of the substance involved in an alleged narcotics transaction.’” Cypress, 280 Va. at 318-19, 699 S.E.2d at 214 (quoting United States v. Dolan, 544 F.2d 1219, 1221 (4th Cir. 1976)); accord Dunaway v. Commonwealth, 52 Va. App. 281, 301 , 663 S.E.2d 117, 127 (2008). | 3 | 3 |
United States v. Priscilla R. Scott, A/K/A \Pat\" and \"Redgreen2 sentences2010Even when the identity of a substance is an element of the charged offense, courts "will uphold a conviction as long as the evidence that the substance was illegal is adequate." United States v. Uwaeme, 975 F.2d 1016, 1020 (4th Cir.1992) (citing United States v. Scott, 725 F.2d 43, 45 (4th Cir.1984) (upholding a drug-possession conviction although the prosecution introduced no expert testimony identifying the substance as cocaine but instead presented lay testimony regarding the nature of the substance in question)). 1997We acknowledge that "lay testimony and circumstantial evidence may be sufficient, without the introduction of an expert chemical analysis, to establish the identity of the substance involved in an alleged narcotics transaction." United States v. Scott, 725 F.2d 43, 45 (4th Cir. 1984) (quoting United States v. Dolan, 544 F.2d 1219, 1221 (4th Cir. 1976)). | 2 | 2 |
United States v. Innocent U. Uwaemegreen1 sentence2010Even when the identity of a substance is an element of the charged offense, courts "will uphold a conviction as long as the evidence that the substance was illegal is adequate." United States v. Uwaeme, 975 F.2d 1016, 1020 (4th Cir.1992) (citing United States v. Scott, 725 F.2d 43, 45 (4th Cir.1984) (upholding a drug-possession conviction although the prosecution introduced no expert testimony identifying the substance as cocaine but instead presented lay testimony regarding the nature of the substance in question)). | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Virginia. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Cypress v. Com.
green
1 sentence2011It is well settled that “‘[l]ay testimony and circumstantial evidence may be sufficient, without the introduction of an expert chemical analysis, to establish the identity of the substance involved in an alleged narcotics transaction.’” Cypress, 280 Va. at 318-19, 699 S.E.2d at 214 (quoting United States v. Dolan, 544 F.2d 1219, 1221 (4th Cir. 1976)); accord Dunaway v. Commonwealth, 52 Va. App. 281, 301 , 663 S.E.2d 117, 127 (2008). | 1 | 2011–2011 |
Castillo v. Commonwealth
green
2 sentences1997However, Castillo v. Commonwealth, 21 Va. App. 482 , 465 S.E.2d 146 (1995), teaches that oftentimes the prejudicial effect of inadmissible evidence impairs an independent assessment of the admissible evidence by the fact finder, thereby infecting the verdict with error. 1997However, Castillo v. Commonwealth, 21 Va. App. 482 , 465 S.E.2d 146 (1995), teaches that oftentimes the prejudicial effect of inadmissible evidence impairs an independent assessment of the admissible evidence by the fact finder, thereby infecting the verdict with error. | 1 | 1997–1997 |
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.