but-for causation standard in Michigan

6 Michigan opinions name it 2 courts 2022–2026 6 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Michigan courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (2)

Case	Followed	Cited
Bostock v. Clayton Countygreen scotus · 2020 · cited in 3 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022 2 sentences 2022See id. 2022See id.	3	3
Rouch World LLC v. Department of Civil Rightsgreen mich · 2022 · cited in 2 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2025–2026 2 sentences 2026See Rouch World, LLC v Dep’t of Civil Rights, 510 Mich 398 , 420; 987 NW2d 501 (2022) (“This Court has previously held that the operative phrase ‘because of’ in the ELCRA establishes a but-for causation standard. . . . 2026See Rouch World, LLC v Dep’t of Civil Rights, 510 Mich 398 , 420; 987 NW2d 501 (2022) (“This Court has previously held that the operative phrase ‘because of’ in the ELCRA establishes a but-for causation standard. . . .	2	2

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Michigan. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (2)

Case	Cited	Years
Hecht v. National Heritage Academies, Inc green mich · 2016 2 sentences 2022Hecht v Nat’l Heritage Academies, Inc, 499 Mich 586, 606 ; 886 NW2d 135 (2016). 2022Hecht v Nat’l Heritage Academies, Inc, 499 Mich 586, 606 ; 886 NW2d 135 (2016).	3	2022–2022
Robinson v. City of Detroit green mich · 2000 1 sentence 2024Id.	1	2024–2024

Statutes the citing opinions construe

MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 37.2101 (5) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 37.2202 (4) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 141.1361 (3) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 15.243 (3) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 16.577 (3) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 28.257a (3) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 37.2102 (3) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 37.2201 (3) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 37.2301 (3) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 750.158 (3) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 750.335a (3) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 8.3a (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 32 (1997–2026) MI 6 (2022–2026) MD 4 (2013–2024) DC 3 (2020–2024) NM 3 (2021–2025) NV 3 (2010–2020) IA 3 (2014–2017) WA 3 (2011–2020) OH 3 (2013–2020) UT 2 (2015–2017) MN 2 (2011–2016) CO 2 (2011–2020) CT 2 (2019–2025)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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