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19 California opinions name it 1 courts 2007–2025 9 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
Gelfo v. Lockheed Martin Corporationgreen2 sentences2021First, the employee must request an accommodation.” (Gelfo v. Lockheed Martin Corp. (2006) 140 Cal.App.4th 34, 54 (Gelfo).) “Second, the parties must engage in an interactive process regarding the requested accommodation and, if the process fails, responsibility for the failure rests with the party who failed to participate in good faith.” (Ibid.) Thus, while a reasonable accommodation claim is independent of an interactive process claim, “each necessarily implicates the other.” (Ibid.) Davidson argues that the trial court erred in granting summary judgment on her reasonable accommodation requ 2017SCPMG was entitled to judgment as a matter of law on Featherstone’s failure to engage in the interactive process claim Under section 12940, subdivision (n), it is separately actionable for an employer to fail “to engage in a timely, good faith, interactive process with the employee ... to determine effective reasonable accommodations, if *1169 any, in response to a request for reasonable accommodation by an employee . . . with a known physical or mental disability or known medical condition.” (§ 12940, subd. (n); see Gelfo v. Lockheed Martin Corp., supra, 140 Cal.App.4th at p. 54 .) “ ‘The ‘“i | 6 | 8 |
Nadaf-Rahrov v. the Neiman Marcus Group, Inc.green2 sentences2023Failure to Engage in Interactive Process “‘Under FEHA, an employer must engage in a good faith interactive process with the disabled employee to explore the alternatives to accommodate the disability.’ [Citations.] FEHA requires an informal process with the employee to attempt to identify reasonable accommodations, not necessarily ritualized discussions. [Citation.] [¶] To prevail on a claim for failure to engage in the interactive process, the employee must identify a reasonable accommodation that would have been available at the time the interactive process occurred [or should have occurred] 2022(See, e.g., Nadaf-Rahrov v. Neiman Marcus Group, Inc. (2008) 166 Cal.App.4th 952 , 979−980.) Such persuasive federal authority supports our holding that the FEHA does not include an interactive process claim based on associational disability. | 3 | 5 |
Scotch v. Art Institute of California-Orange County, Inc.green2 sentences2020Availability of a reasonable accommodation is an element of an interactive process claim Well-reasoned precedent supports the District’s argument that, in order to succeed on a cause of action for failure to engage in an interactive process, “an employee must identify a reasonable accommodation that would have been available at the time the interactive process should have occurred.” (Scotch v. Art Institute of California (2009) 173 Cal.App.4th 986, 1018 (Scotch); Nadaf-Rahrov, supra, 166 Cal.App.4th at p. 981 [“section 12940[, subdivision] (n) imposes liability only if a reasonable accommodati 2020Brown’s Failure to Engage in the Interactive Process Claim Fails Because He Has Not Identified Any Accommodation the City Should Have Provided The FEHA makes it unlawful for an employer “to fail to engage in a timely, good faith, interactive process with the employee or applicant to determine effective reasonable accommodations, if any, in response to a request for reasonable accommodation by an employee or applicant with a known physical or mental disability or known medical condition.” (§ 12940, subd. (n).) The trial court concluded that Brown’s failure to engage in the interactive process c | 3 | 5 |
Woodcock v. Fontana Scaffolding & Equipment Co.green2 sentences2020(See Woodcock v. Fontana Scaffolding & Equipment Co. (1968) 69 Cal.2d 452, 457 (Woodcock) [“[i]f the verdict is hopelessly ambiguous, a reversal [and retrial] is required”].) We disagree with Shirvanyan that such retrial should be limited to the issue of damages. 2020(See Woodcock v. Fontana Scaffolding & Equipment Co. (1968) 69 Cal.2d 452, 457 (Woodcock) [“[i]f the verdict is hopelessly ambiguous, a reversal [and retrial] is required”].) We disagree with Shirvanyan that such retrial should be limited to the issue of damages. | 2 | 2 |
Katherine L. Taylor v. Phoenixville School Districtgreen2 sentences2007(Jensen, supra, 85 Cal.App.4th at p. 262 .) “ ‘Employees do not have at their disposal the extensive information concerning possible alternative positions or possible accommodations which employers have. . . .’ ” (Ibid.) Even some federal courts in ADA cases have concluded that “an employer who has received proper notice cannot escape its duty to engage in the interactive process simply because the employee did not come forward with a reasonable accommodation that would prevail in litigation.” (Taylor v. Phoenixville School Dist. (3d Cir. 1999) 184 F.3d 296, 317 (Taylor).) Nor does the reasona 2007(Taylor, supra, 184 F.3d at p. 317 .) Sufficiency of the Verdict on Interactive Process Damages ACSC contends reversal is required because the jury did not specify which damages are attributable to the interactive process claim and which are attributable to the retaliation claim. | 2 | 2 |
Claudio v. Regents of University of Cal.green2 sentences2020Availability of a reasonable accommodation is an element of an interactive process claim Well-reasoned precedent supports the District’s argument that, in order to succeed on a cause of action for failure to engage in an interactive process, “an employee must identify a reasonable accommodation that would have been available at the time the interactive process should have occurred.” (Scotch v. Art Institute of California (2009) 173 Cal.App.4th 986, 1018 (Scotch); Nadaf-Rahrov, supra, 166 Cal.App.4th at p. 981 [“section 12940[, subdivision] (n) imposes liability only if a reasonable accommodati 2020Availability of a reasonable accommodation is an element of an interactive process claim Well-reasoned precedent supports the District’s argument that, in order to succeed on a cause of action for failure to engage in an interactive process, “an employee must identify a reasonable accommodation that would have been available at the time the interactive process should have occurred.” (Scotch v. Art Institute of California (2009) 173 Cal.App.4th 986, 1018 (Scotch); Nadaf-Rahrov, supra, 166 Cal.App.4th at p. 981 [“section 12940[, subdivision] (n) imposes liability only if a reasonable accommodati | 1 | 5 |
Bagatti v. Department of Rehabilitationgreen2 sentences2016Moore ’s second and third causes of action for failure to accommodate and failure to engage in the interactive process in violation of FEHA In addition to setting forth a general prohibition against unlawful employment discrimination based on disability, FEHA provides an independent cause of action for an employer’s failure to provide a reasonable accommodation for an applicant’s or employee’s known disability. (§ 12940, subds. (a), (m).) “Under the express provisions of the FEHA, the employer’s failure to reasonably accommodate a disabled individual is a violation of the statute in and of its 2016Moore's second and third causes of action for failure to accommodate and failure to engage in the interactive process in violation of FEHA In addition to setting forth a general prohibition against unlawful employment discrimination based on disability, FEHA provides an independent cause of action for an employer's failure to provide a reasonable accommodation for an applicant's or employee's known disability. (§ 12940, subds. (a), (m).) "Under the express provisions of the FEHA, the employer's failure to reasonably accommodate a disabled individual is a violation of the statute in and of itse | 1 | 2 |
Wyler v. Feuergreen2 sentences2007(Wyler v. Feuer (1978) 85 Cal.App.3d 392, 404-405 [ 149 Cal.Rptr. 626 ].) Here the verdicts on the reasonable accommodation issue and the interactive process claim are not inconsistent. 2007(Wyler v. Feuer (1978) 85 Cal.App.3d 392, 404-405 [ 149 Cal.Rptr. 626 ].) Here the verdicts on the reasonable accommodation issue and the interactive process claim are not inconsistent. | 1 | 2 |
Schmidt v. Bank of America, N.A.green1 sentence2025(Schmidt v. Bank of America, N.A. (2014) 223 Cal.App.4th 1489, 1513 [appellants forfeit any contentions of error regarding the dismissal of a cause of action by failing to raise or address the contentions in their briefs on appeal].) 7 violation of this provision. | 1 | 1 |
Baxter v. Cal. State Teachers' Ret. Sys.green1 sentence2024Gonzalez commenced the instant action by filing suit against appellants and Cheryle Anaya.3 In her complaint, Gonzalez pleads the following 12 causes of action: (1) violation of pregnancy disability leave (PDL); (2) retaliation under the Fair Employment and Housing Act (FEHA); (3) retaliation in violation of PDL; (4) disability discrimination—failure to make reasonable accommodation in violation of FEHA; (5) failure to engage in the interactive process in violation of FEHA; (6) pregnancy discrimination in violation of FEHA; (7) disability discrimination (FEHA)—wrongful termination; (8) retalia | 1 | 1 |
Swanson v. Morongo Unif. School Dist. CA4/3green2 sentences2023Failure to Engage in Interactive Process “‘Under FEHA, an employer must engage in a good faith interactive process with the disabled employee to explore the alternatives to accommodate the disability.’ [Citations.] FEHA requires an informal process with the employee to attempt to identify reasonable accommodations, not necessarily ritualized discussions. [Citation.] [¶] To prevail on a claim for failure to engage in the interactive process, the employee must identify a reasonable accommodation that would have been available at the time the interactive process occurred [or should have occurred] 2023(See Swanson, supra, at pp. 971- 972.) 20 As noted above, Medina testified at her deposition that, for purposes of the bus aide assignment, no reasonable accommodation was available for a special education assistant who cannot lift the students on the bus. | 1 | 1 |
Hughes v. Pairgreen2 sentences2016Plaintiff’s intentional infliction of emotional distress claim A claim for intentional infliction of emotional distress obligates the plaintiff to show “‘“‘“(1) extreme and outrageous conduct by the defendant with the intention of causing, or reckless disregard of the probability of causing, emotional distress; (2) the plaintiff’s suffering severe or extreme emotional distress; and (3) actual and proximate causation of the emotional distress by the defendant’s outrageous conduct.”’”’ [Citations.]” (Hughes v. Pair (2009) 46 Cal.4th 1035, 1050 (Hughes).) Conduct is “‘outrageous’” where “it is so 2016Plaintiff’s intentional infliction of emotional distress claim A claim for intentional infliction of emotional distress obligates the plaintiff to show “‘“‘“(1) extreme and outrageous conduct by the defendant with the intention of causing, or reckless disregard of the probability of causing, emotional distress; (2) the plaintiff’s suffering severe or extreme emotional distress; and (3) actual and proximate causation of the emotional distress by the defendant’s outrageous conduct.”’”’ [Citations.]” (Hughes v. Pair (2009) 46 Cal.4th 1035, 1050 (Hughes).) Conduct is “‘outrageous’” where “it is so | 1 | 1 |
Raine v. City of Burbankgreen1 sentence2008(See Raine, supra, 135 Cal.App.4th at p. 1226, fn. 7 [where provisions are similarly worded, federal decisions interpreting ADA are instructive in applying FEHA]; Green, supra, 42 Cal.4th at pp. 262-263 [where Legislature deliberately attempted to conform the FEHA to the ADA, the two acts should be construed similarly].) Second, the policy rationale set forth in Willis, supra, 108 F.3d at page 285 , applies under the FEHA as well because the statute has a remedial purpose similar to that of the ADA: “It is hereby declared as the public policy of this state that it is necessary to protect and s | 1 | 1 |
Prilliman v. United Air Lines, Inc.green2 sentences2008(Prilliman v. United Air Lines, Inc. (1997) 53 Cal.App.4th 935, 950-951 [ 62 Cal.Rptr.2d 142 ]; Hanson v. Lucky Stores, Inc., supra, 74 Cal.App.4th at p. 225 ; Spitzer, supra, 80 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1384-1385.) These cases involved requests for reassignment and the courts held that the employer was not liable if there was no vacant position for which the employee was qualified. 2008(Prilliman v. United Air Lines, Inc. (1997) 53 Cal.App.4th 935, 950-951 [ 62 Cal.Rptr.2d 142 ]; Hanson v. Lucky Stores, Inc., supra, 74 Cal.App.4th at p. 225 ; Spitzer, supra, 80 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1384-1385.) These cases involved requests for reassignment and the courts held that the employer was not liable if there was no vacant position for which the employee was qualified. | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in California. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Wysinger v. AUTOMOBILE CLUB OF SO. CALIF.
green
2 sentences2023Our research reveals one older opinion holding that a lack of available accommodations is not fatal to an interactive process claim (Wysinger v. Automobile Club of Southern California (2007) 157 Cal.App.4th 413 (Wysinger).) Whatever validity Wysinger may retain, its reasoning is inapplicable here, for Wysinger addresses a case in which an employer’s failure to engage in the interactive process prevented the employee from discovering whether any reasonable accommodation existed. 2020(Wysinger, supra, 157 Cal.App.4th at p. 424 .) Wysinger rejected the employer’s argument that the resulting verdict was internally inconsistent, holding as follows: “Here the verdicts on the reasonable accommodation issue and the interactive process claim are not inconsistent. | 4 | 2020–2023 |
Jensen v. Wells Fargo Bank
green
2 sentences2016Moore ’s second and third causes of action for failure to accommodate and failure to engage in the interactive process in violation of FEHA In addition to setting forth a general prohibition against unlawful employment discrimination based on disability, FEHA provides an independent cause of action for an employer’s failure to provide a reasonable accommodation for an applicant’s or employee’s known disability. (§ 12940, subds. (a), (m).) “Under the express provisions of the FEHA, the employer’s failure to reasonably accommodate a disabled individual is a violation of the statute in and of its 2016Moore's second and third causes of action for failure to accommodate and failure to engage in the interactive process in violation of FEHA In addition to setting forth a general prohibition against unlawful employment discrimination based on disability, FEHA provides an independent cause of action for an employer's failure to provide a reasonable accommodation for an applicant's or employee's known disability. (§ 12940, subds. (a), (m).) "Under the express provisions of the FEHA, the employer's failure to reasonably accommodate a disabled individual is a violation of the statute in and of itse | 3 | 2007–2016 |
Hanson v. Lucky Stores, Inc.
green
2 sentences2023(Lopez v. La Casa De Las Madres (2023) 89 Cal.App.5th 365 , 384; Hanson v. Lucky Stores, Inc. (1999) 74 Cal.App.4th 215, 226 .) Not only has Vicente refrained from asserting that leave could constitute a reasonable accommodation, but at the summary judgment hearing, Vicente’s 11 194 Cal.App.4th at 956.) We therefore affirm the judgment on the interactive process claim. 2008(Prilliman v. United Air Lines, Inc. (1997) 53 Cal.App.4th 935, 950-951 [ 62 Cal.Rptr.2d 142 ]; Hanson v. Lucky Stores, Inc., supra, 74 Cal.App.4th at p. 225 ; Spitzer, supra, 80 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1384-1385.) These cases involved requests for reassignment and the courts held that the employer was not liable if there was no vacant position for which the employee was qualified. | 2 | 2008–2023 |
Nealy v. City of Santa Monica
green
2 sentences2023Failure to Engage in Interactive Process “‘Under FEHA, an employer must engage in a good faith interactive process with the disabled employee to explore the alternatives to accommodate the disability.’ [Citations.] FEHA requires an informal process with the employee to attempt to identify reasonable accommodations, not necessarily ritualized discussions. [Citation.] [¶] To prevail on a claim for failure to engage in the interactive process, the employee must identify a reasonable accommodation that would have been available at the time the interactive process occurred [or should have occurred] 2020(See also Nealy, supra, 234 Cal.App.4th at pp. 379–380 [rejecting interactive process claim based on Nadaf–Rahrov and Scotch].) Brown claims that there is a split of authority on this question, a claim based on two cases, the first of which is Claudio, supra, 134 Cal.App.4th at p. 242. | 2 | 2020–2023 |
Beverly Kelly v. Metallics West, Inc.
green
2 sentences2016In this sense, the *243 ADA encourages employers to become more enlightened about their employees’ capabilities, while protecting employees from employers whose attitudes remain mired in prejudice.’ [Citation.] Finally, Kelly noted that, by failing to make any definitional distinction between an employee who was actually disabled and one who was merely regarded as disabled, Congress did not consider it inherently unreasonable to provide an accommodation for an employee whom an employer only regarded as disabled.” (Gelfo, supra, 140 Cal.App.4th at p. 59 , first italics added, quoting Kelly v. M 2016In this sense, the ADA encourages employers to become more enlightened about their employees' capabilities, while protecting employees from employers whose attitudes remain mired in prejudice.' [Citation.] Finally, Kelly noted that, by failing to make any definitional distinction between an employee who was actually disabled and one who was merely regarded as disabled, Congress did not consider it inherently unreasonable to provide an accommodation for an employee whom an employer only regarded as disabled." (Gelfo, supra, 140 Cal.App.4th at p. 59 , first italics added, second italics in origi | 2 | 2016–2016 |
Phyllis MERRIWEATHER, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. FAMILY DOLLAR STORES OF INDIANA, INC. Defendant-Appellant
green
2 sentences2007This required proof of his work history and evidence of age discrimination. “[A] competent attorney must do more at trial than present just the bare bones of [a] prima facie case . . . .” (Merriweather v. Family Dollar Stores of Indiana (7th Cir. 1996) 103 F.3d 576, 584 , italics omitted.) Moreover, Wysinger prevailed on the interactive process claim which involves proof of disability. 2007This required proof of his work history and evidence of age discrimination. "[A] competent attorney must do more at trial than present just the bare bones of [a] prima facie case...." ( Merriweather v. Family Dollar Stores of Indiana, Inc. (7th Cir.1996) 103 F.3d 576, 584 .) Moreover, Wysinger prevailed on the interactive process claim which involves proof of disability. | 2 | 2007–2007 |
Nazir v. United Airlines, Inc.
green
2 sentences2023(See Insalaco v. Hope Lutheran Church of West Contra Costa County (2020) 49 Cal.App.5th 506 , 521–522 (Insalaco), quoting Nazir, supra, 178 Cal.App.4th at p. 252 .) The courts in Nazir and Insalaco addressed situations where defendants, faced on appeal with genuine disputes as to facts set forth in their separate statements, defended orders granting summary judgment by discounting their originally propounded facts as immaterial. 2023(See Insalaco v. Hope Lutheran Church of West Contra Costa County (2020) 49 Cal.App.5th 506 , 521–522 (Insalaco), quoting Nazir, supra, 178 Cal.App.4th at p. 252 .) The courts in Nazir and Insalaco addressed situations where defendants, faced on appeal with genuine disputes as to facts set forth in their separate statements, defended orders granting summary judgment by discounting their originally propounded facts as immaterial. | 1 | 2023–2023 |
Castro-Ramirez v. Dependable Highway Express, Inc.
green
1 sentence2022In sum, statutory language that neither appears in nor applies to the code sections governing interactive process claims (or those governing reasonable accommodation claims), and that was added to the FEHA for the purpose of expanding discrimination laws, does not permit us to expand the FEHA’s interactive process protections to include associational disability.6 Nor do we see any other basis in the statutory language for interpreting the FEHA 6 Monterroso cites language in Castro-Ramirez v. Dependable Highway Express, Inc. (2016) 2 Cal.App.5th 1028 , suggesting that the FEHA “may reasonably b | 1 | 2022–2022 |
Soria v. Univision Radio Los Angeles, Inc.
green
1 sentence2022(See Soria, supra, 5 Cal.App.5th at p. 598 ; Scotch, supra, 173 Cal.App.4th at p. 1014 .) For example, after Dillard informed GEICO that the first pillow was not accommodating her back condition, Bond contacted Dillard and suggested a different pillow. | 1 | 2022–2022 |
Lynda L. Willis v. Conopco, Inc., A.K.A. Lever Brothers Company, A.K.A. Unilever
green
1 sentence2008(See Raine, supra, 135 Cal.App.4th at p. 1226, fn. 7 [where provisions are similarly worded, federal decisions interpreting ADA are instructive in applying FEHA]; Green, supra, 42 Cal.4th at pp. 262-263 [where Legislature deliberately attempted to conform the FEHA to the ADA, the two acts should be construed similarly].) Second, the policy rationale set forth in Willis, supra, 108 F.3d at page 285 , applies under the FEHA as well because the statute has a remedial purpose similar to that of the ADA: “It is hereby declared as the public policy of this state that it is necessary to protect and s | 1 | 2008–2008 |
Bresnahan v. Chrysler Corp.
green
2 sentences2007But as Wysinger notes, it has waived this argument because it did not request specific findings on the damages for each successful claim. ( Conrad v. Ball Corp. (1994) 24 Cal.App.4th 439, 444 , 29 Cal.Rptr.2d 441 .) This was a general verdict. "`Where several counts or issues are tried, a general verdict will not be disturbed by an appellate court if a single one of such counts or issues is supported by substantial evidence and is unaffected by error ....' [Citations.]" ( Bresnahan v. Chrysler Corp. (1998) 65 Cal.App.4th 1149, 1153 , 76 Cal.Rptr.2d 804 .) ACSC has neither demonstrated that the 2007But as Wysinger notes, it has waived this argument because it did not request specific findings on the damages for each successful claim. ( Conrad v. Ball Corp. (1994) 24 Cal.App.4th 439, 444 , 29 Cal.Rptr.2d 441 .) This was a general verdict. "`Where several counts or issues are tried, a general verdict will not be disturbed by an appellate court if a single one of such counts or issues is supported by substantial evidence and is unaffected by error ....' [Citations.]" ( Bresnahan v. Chrysler Corp. (1998) 65 Cal.App.4th 1149, 1153 , 76 Cal.Rptr.2d 804 .) ACSC has neither demonstrated that the | 1 | 2007–2007 |
Conrad v. Ball Corp.
green
2 sentences2007But as Wysinger notes, it has waived this argument because it did not request specific findings on the damages for each successful claim. ( Conrad v. Ball Corp. (1994) 24 Cal.App.4th 439, 444 , 29 Cal.Rptr.2d 441 .) This was a general verdict. "`Where several counts or issues are tried, a general verdict will not be disturbed by an appellate court if a single one of such counts or issues is supported by substantial evidence and is unaffected by error ....' [Citations.]" ( Bresnahan v. Chrysler Corp. (1998) 65 Cal.App.4th 1149, 1153 , 76 Cal.Rptr.2d 804 .) ACSC has neither demonstrated that the 2007But as Wysinger notes, it has waived this argument because it did not request specific findings on the damages for each successful claim. ( Conrad v. Ball Corp. (1994) 24 Cal.App.4th 439, 444 , 29 Cal.Rptr.2d 441 .) This was a general verdict. "`Where several counts or issues are tried, a general verdict will not be disturbed by an appellate court if a single one of such counts or issues is supported by substantial evidence and is unaffected by error ....' [Citations.]" ( Bresnahan v. Chrysler Corp. (1998) 65 Cal.App.4th 1149, 1153 , 76 Cal.Rptr.2d 804 .) ACSC has neither demonstrated that the | 1 | 2007–2007 |
All-West Design, Inc. v. Boozer
green
2 sentences2007ACSC claims the jury's verdict is inconsistent and must be reversed along *10 with the award of $284,000 in compensatory damages. "`A verdict should be interpreted so as to uphold it and give it the effect intended by the jury....'" ( All-West Design, Inc. v. Boozer (1986) 183 Cal.App.3d 1212, 1223 , 228 Cal.Rptr. 736 (All-West Design) .) Where special verdicts appear inconsistent, if any conclusions could be drawn which would explain the apparent conflict, the jury will be deemed to have drawn them. ( Wyler v. Feuer (1978) 85 Cal.App.3d, 392, 404-05 , 149 Cal.Rptr. 626 .) Here the verdicts on 2007ACSC claims the jury's verdict is inconsistent and must be reversed along *10 with the award of $284,000 in compensatory damages. "`A verdict should be interpreted so as to uphold it and give it the effect intended by the jury....'" ( All-West Design, Inc. v. Boozer (1986) 183 Cal.App.3d 1212, 1223 , 228 Cal.Rptr. 736 (All-West Design) .) Where special verdicts appear inconsistent, if any conclusions could be drawn which would explain the apparent conflict, the jury will be deemed to have drawn them. ( Wyler v. Feuer (1978) 85 Cal.App.3d, 392, 404-05 , 149 Cal.Rptr. 626 .) Here the verdicts on | 1 | 2007–2007 |
Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.