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14 Georgia opinions name it 2 courts 1979–2023 1 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by Georgia courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
Johnson v. Stategreen2 sentences2023Id. (citations and punctuation omitted); Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 (230 SE2d 869) (1976) (discussing and adopting the highly- probable test for nonconstitutional errors). 11 Middlebrooks’s burden in asserting the insanity defense was to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that she was mentally 11 To compare the test that governs the determination of harmlessness when an evidentiary ruling amounts to constitutional error, see Moore v. State, 315 Ga, 263, 271 (3) (b) (882 SE2d 227) (2022) (“A constitutional error is harmless if the State can prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the e 2023Id. (citations and punctuation omitted); Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 (230 SE2d 869) (1976) (discussing and adopting the highly- probable test for nonconstitutional errors). 11 Middlebrooks’s burden in asserting the insanity defense was to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that she was mentally 11 To compare the test that governs the determination of harmlessness when an evidentiary ruling amounts to constitutional error, see Moore v. State, 315 Ga, 263, 271 (3) (b) (882 SE2d 227) (2022) (“A constitutional error is harmless if the State can prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the e | 3 | 5 |
Hammond v. Stategreen2 sentences2013Id. at 144 (punctuation and citations omitted). 2013(Citations and punctuation omitted.) Id. at 144. | 2 | 2 |
Felder v. Stategreen2 sentences2007Felder v. State, 266 Ga. 574, 576 (2) ( 468 SE2d 769 ) (1996). 2007Felder v. State, 266 Ga. 574, 576 (2) ( 468 SE2d 769 ) (1996). | 2 | 2 |
Letlow v. Stategreen2 sentences2000If it is highly probable that the error did not contribute to the judgment then the error is harmless.” (Cita *225 tions and punctuation omitted.) Letlow v. State, 222 Ga. App. 339, 343 ( 474 SE2d 211 ) (1996). 2000If it is highly probable that the error did not contribute to the judgment then the error is harmless.” (Cita *225 tions and punctuation omitted.) Letlow v. State, 222 Ga. App. 339, 343 ( 474 SE2d 211 ) (1996). | 2 | 2 |
Hill v. Stategreen2 sentences2023Id. (citations and punctuation omitted); Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 (230 SE2d 869) (1976) (discussing and adopting the highly- probable test for nonconstitutional errors). 11 Middlebrooks’s burden in asserting the insanity defense was to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that she was mentally 11 To compare the test that governs the determination of harmlessness when an evidentiary ruling amounts to constitutional error, see Moore v. State, 315 Ga, 263, 271 (3) (b) (882 SE2d 227) (2022) (“A constitutional error is harmless if the State can prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the e 2023Id. (citations and punctuation omitted); Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 (230 SE2d 869) (1976) (discussing and adopting the highly- probable test for nonconstitutional errors). 11 Middlebrooks’s burden in asserting the insanity defense was to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that she was mentally 11 To compare the test that governs the determination of harmlessness when an evidentiary ruling amounts to constitutional error, see Moore v. State, 315 Ga, 263, 271 (3) (b) (882 SE2d 227) (2022) (“A constitutional error is harmless if the State can prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the e | 1 | 1 |
Ensslin v. Stategreen2 sentences2023Id. (citations and punctuation omitted); Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 (230 SE2d 869) (1976) (discussing and adopting the highly- probable test for nonconstitutional errors). 11 Middlebrooks’s burden in asserting the insanity defense was to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that she was mentally 11 To compare the test that governs the determination of harmlessness when an evidentiary ruling amounts to constitutional error, see Moore v. State, 315 Ga, 263, 271 (3) (b) (882 SE2d 227) (2022) (“A constitutional error is harmless if the State can prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the e 2023Id. (citations and punctuation omitted); Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 (230 SE2d 869) (1976) (discussing and adopting the highly- probable test for nonconstitutional errors). 11 Middlebrooks’s burden in asserting the insanity defense was to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that she was mentally 11 To compare the test that governs the determination of harmlessness when an evidentiary ruling amounts to constitutional error, see Moore v. State, 315 Ga, 263, 271 (3) (b) (882 SE2d 227) (2022) (“A constitutional error is harmless if the State can prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the e | 1 | 1 |
Bowman v. Stategreen2 sentences2023See Bowman v. State, 306 Ga. 97, 100 (1) (c) (829 SE2d 139) (2019). 2023See Bowman v. State, 306 Ga. 97, 100 (1) (c) (829 SE2d 139) (2019). | 1 | 1 |
McCord v. Stategreen2 sentences2023Id. (citations and punctuation omitted); Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 (230 SE2d 869) (1976) (discussing and adopting the highly- probable test for nonconstitutional errors). 11 Middlebrooks’s burden in asserting the insanity defense was to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that she was mentally 11 To compare the test that governs the determination of harmlessness when an evidentiary ruling amounts to constitutional error, see Moore v. State, 315 Ga, 263, 271 (3) (b) (882 SE2d 227) (2022) (“A constitutional error is harmless if the State can prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the e 2023Id. (citations and punctuation omitted); Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 (230 SE2d 869) (1976) (discussing and adopting the highly- probable test for nonconstitutional errors). 11 Middlebrooks’s burden in asserting the insanity defense was to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that she was mentally 11 To compare the test that governs the determination of harmlessness when an evidentiary ruling amounts to constitutional error, see Moore v. State, 315 Ga, 263, 271 (3) (b) (882 SE2d 227) (2022) (“A constitutional error is harmless if the State can prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the e | 1 | 1 |
Franks v. Stategreen2 sentences2017See Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 ( 230 SE2d 869 ) (1976); see also Franks v. State, 278 Ga. 246, 266 (6) ( 599 SE2d 134 ) (2004) (applying the highly probable test to determine whether a jury instruction rendered erroneous by a new rule adopted while the case was in the appellate pipeline constituted reversible error). 2017See Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 ( 230 SE2d 869 ) (1976); see also Franks v. State, 278 Ga. 246, 266 (6) ( 599 SE2d 134 ) (2004) (applying the highly probable test to determine whether a jury instruction rendered erroneous by a new rule adopted while the case was in the appellate pipeline constituted reversible error). | 1 | 1 |
Watson v. Stategreen1 sentence2017Following Watson , the trial court’s charge “effectively relieved the State of its burden to prove [lack of consent,] an essential element of the crime of sexual battery.” Watson, 297 Ga. at 721 (2). | 1 | 1 |
Brewton v. Stategreen1 sentence2007Brewton, 174 Ga. App. at 111 (2). | 1 | 1 |
Berry v. Stategreen2 sentences2003(Cit.)’ Berry v. State, 210 Ga. App. 789, 791 (3) ( 437 SE2d 630 ) (1993).” Felder v. State, 266 Ga. 574, 576 (2) ( 468 SE2d 769 ) (1996). 2003(Cit.)’ Berry v. State, 210 Ga. App. 789, 791 (3) ( 437 SE2d 630 ) (1993).” Felder v. State, 266 Ga. 574, 576 (2) ( 468 SE2d 769 ) (1996). | 1 | 1 |
Owens v. Stategreen2 sentences1997If it is highly [probable] that the error did not contribute to the judgment then the error is harmless.” Owens v. State, 248 Ga. 629, 631 ( 284 SE2d 408 ) (1981). 1997If it is highly [probable] that the error did not contribute to the judgment then the error is harmless.” Owens v. State, 248 Ga. 629, 631 ( 284 SE2d 408 ) (1981). | 1 | 1 |
Sanford v. Stategreen2 sentences1988The proper standard for such a determination is the highly probable test, i.e., that it is highly probable that the error did not, contribute to the judgment.” (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Sanford v. State, 153 Ga. App. 541, 542 ( 265 SE2d 868 ) (1980). 1988The proper standard for such a determination is the highly probable test, i.e., that it is highly probable that the error did not, contribute to the judgment.” (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Sanford v. State, 153 Ga. App. 541, 542 ( 265 SE2d 868 ) (1980). | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Georgia. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Hill v. State
green
2 sentences1985Hill v. State, 246 Ga. 402 ( 271 SE2d 802 ) (1980). 1985Hill v. State, 246 Ga. 402 ( 271 SE2d 802 ) (1980). | 2 | 1984–1985 |
Moore v. State
green
2 sentences2023Id. (citations and punctuation omitted); Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 ( 230 SE2d 869 ) (1976) (discussing and adopting the highly- probable test for nonconstitutional errors).11 Middlebrooks’s burden in asserting the insanity defense was to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that she was mentally 11 To compare the test that governs the determination of harmlessness when an evidentiary ruling amounts to constitutional error, see Moore v. State, 315 Ga, 263, 271 (3) (b) ( 882 SE2d 227 ) (2022) (“A constitutional error is harmless if the State can prove beyond a reasonable doubt that th 2023Id. (citations and punctuation omitted); Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 (230 SE2d 869) (1976) (discussing and adopting the highly- probable test for nonconstitutional errors). 11 Middlebrooks’s burden in asserting the insanity defense was to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that she was mentally 11 To compare the test that governs the determination of harmlessness when an evidentiary ruling amounts to constitutional error, see Moore v. State, 315 Ga, 263, 271 (3) (b) (882 SE2d 227) (2022) (“A constitutional error is harmless if the State can prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the e | 1 | 2023–2023 |
Jones v. State
green
2 sentences2023Id. (citations and punctuation omitted); Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 ( 230 SE2d 869 ) (1976) (discussing and adopting the highly- probable test for nonconstitutional errors).11 Middlebrooks’s burden in asserting the insanity defense was to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that she was mentally 11 To compare the test that governs the determination of harmlessness when an evidentiary ruling amounts to constitutional error, see Moore v. State, 315 Ga, 263, 271 (3) (b) ( 882 SE2d 227 ) (2022) (“A constitutional error is harmless if the State can prove beyond a reasonable doubt that th 2023Id. (citations and punctuation omitted); Johnson v. State, 238 Ga. 59, 61 (230 SE2d 869) (1976) (discussing and adopting the highly- probable test for nonconstitutional errors). 11 Middlebrooks’s burden in asserting the insanity defense was to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that she was mentally 11 To compare the test that governs the determination of harmlessness when an evidentiary ruling amounts to constitutional error, see Moore v. State, 315 Ga, 263, 271 (3) (b) (882 SE2d 227) (2022) (“A constitutional error is harmless if the State can prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the e | 1 | 2023–2023 |
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.