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9 California opinions name it 2 courts 1971–2025 4 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
People v. Leegreen1 sentence2023(People v. Hayes (2009) 171 Cal.App.4th 549 ; 557 People v. Lee (1987) 43 Cal.3d 666, 677 [finding closing arguments relevant in assessing prejudice from instructional error].) The prosecutor referred to the instruction on “domicile” at the outset of his argument and told the jury: “[I]t’s not confusing, it’s clear;” “It simply means habitation. | 1 | 1 |
cluster 793548green1 sentence2014“The presumption of innocence ends with the judgment . . . .” (People v. Taylor (1963) 218 Cal.App.2d 321, 324 ; see also U.S. v. Perlaza (9th Cir. 2006) 439 F.3d 1149 , 1172 [“the presumption of innocence ‘go[es] with the jury when it deliberates’ ”].) When the prosecutor referred to the presumption of innocence as a “legal fiction,” defense counsel promptly objected and the court immediately, in the presence of the jury, said, “It’s a legal standard.” While this was not a formal admonishment to the jury, it 9 was a firm correction of the prosecutor’s misstatement and that correction was imme | 1 | 1 |
People v. Nyegreen2 sentences1984(See People v. Nye (1969) 71 Cal.2d 356, 374-375 [ 78 Cal.Rptr. 467 , 455 P.2d 395 ], cert, den., 406 U.S. 972 [ 32 L.Ed.2d 672 , 92 S.Ct. 2417 ].) When the prosecutor referred to the test during argument, defense counsel correctly pointed out that there was no evidence either of the nature of the test or of Boyse’s opinion of the test in the record. 1984(See People v. Nye (1969) 71 Cal.2d 356, 374-375 [ 78 Cal.Rptr. 467 , 455 P.2d 395 ], cert, den., 406 U.S. 972 [ 32 L.Ed.2d 672 , 92 S.Ct. 2417 ].) When the prosecutor referred to the test during argument, defense counsel correctly pointed out that there was no evidence either of the nature of the test or of Boyse’s opinion of the test in the record. | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in California. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Thomas Lester Stark v. Rod Hickman, Warden
green
2 sentences2025And defense counsel pointed out to the jurors that 7 Sanchez’s reliance on Stark v. Hickman (9th Cir. 2006) 455 F.3d 1070 (Stark) is misplaced. 2025And defense counsel pointed out to the jurors that 7 Sanchez’s reliance on Stark v. Hickman (9th Cir. 2006) 455 F.3d 1070 (Stark) is misplaced. | 2 | 2025–2025 |
People v. Mills
green
2 sentences2025In closing argument, the prosecutor referred to the presumption in emphasizing that sanity was “not an issue” “[a]t this point in the trial.” While there was no need for the prosecutor to refer to the presumption of sanity at all to make this point, viewing her comments in context and in light of the correct jury instructions given on mental disease, here as in Mills, the jury “was likely to conclude that the presumption operated to preserve the issue of sanity for the appropriate phase.” (Mills, supra, 55 Cal.4th at p. 680 .) Additionally, during closing argument, the prosecution mentioned th 2025In closing argument, the prosecutor referred to the presumption in emphasizing that sanity was “not an issue” “[a]t this point in the trial.” While there was no need for the prosecutor to refer to the presumption of sanity at all to make this point, viewing her comments in context and in light of the correct jury instructions given on mental disease, here as in Mills, the jury “was likely to conclude that the presumption operated to preserve the issue of sanity for the appropriate phase.” (Mills, supra, 55 Cal.4th at p. 680 .) Additionally, during closing argument, the prosecution mentioned th | 2 | 2025–2025 |
People v. Hayes
green
1 sentence2023(People v. Hayes (2009) 171 Cal.App.4th 549 ; 557 People v. Lee (1987) 43 Cal.3d 666, 677 [finding closing arguments relevant in assessing prejudice from instructional error].) The prosecutor referred to the instruction on “domicile” at the outset of his argument and told the jury: “[I]t’s not confusing, it’s clear;” “It simply means habitation. | 1 | 2023–2023 |
People v. Young
green
2 sentences2022(Ibid.) In People v. Young, supra, 34 Cal.4th 1149 , the high court found no misconduct when the prosecutor referred to defense counsel’s argument as “idiocy.” (Id. at p. 1193.) Instead, that it was a “fair comment on counsel’s argument.” (Ibid.) 23. 2022(Ibid.) In People v. Young, supra, 34 Cal.4th 1149 , the high court found no misconduct when the prosecutor referred to defense counsel’s argument as “idiocy.” (Id. at p. 1193.) Instead, that it was a “fair comment on counsel’s argument.” (Ibid.) 23. | 1 | 2022–2022 |
People v. Stitely
green
1 sentence2022In People v. Stitely (2005) 35 Cal.4th 514 , “[t]he prosecutor told jurors to avoid ‘fall[ing]’ for counsel’s argument in favor of a second degree murder verdict, to view counsel’s argument as a ‘ridiculous’ attempt to allow defendant to ‘walk’ free, to view counsel’s statement as an ‘outrageous’ attempt to demean the victim and treat her as a ‘Jane Doe,’ and to view counsel’s argument as a ‘legal smoke screen.’ ” (Id. at p. 559.) Our high court found no misconduct. | 1 | 2022–2022 |
People v. Taylor
green
1 sentence2014“The presumption of innocence ends with the judgment . . . .” (People v. Taylor (1963) 218 Cal.App.2d 321, 324 ; see also U.S. v. Perlaza (9th Cir. 2006) 439 F.3d 1149 , 1172 [“the presumption of innocence ‘go[es] with the jury when it deliberates’ ”].) When the prosecutor referred to the presumption of innocence as a “legal fiction,” defense counsel promptly objected and the court immediately, in the presence of the jury, said, “It’s a legal standard.” While this was not a formal admonishment to the jury, it 9 was a firm correction of the prosecutor’s misstatement and that correction was imme | 1 | 2014–2014 |
People v. Linton
green
1 sentence2014(People v. Linton (2013) 56 Cal.4th 1146, 1210 .) In opening argument, the prosecutor referred to an instruction telling the jury that it may consider gang evidence when evaluating the credibility of a witness, and stated that witnesses who testified in gang cases “know what happens when their names get thrown in the mix out in the street. | 1 | 2014–2014 |
People v. Valdez
green
1 sentence2004(People v. Valdez, supra, 32 Cal.4th at p. 132 .) Defendant concedes that he failed to object to any of the asserted instances of misconduct, save for the single instance when the prosecutor referred to the defense expert “industry,” as discussed above. | 1 | 2004–2004 |
Pike v. California
green
2 sentences1984(See People v. Nye (1969) 71 Cal.2d 356, 374-375 [ 78 Cal. Rptr. 467 , 455 P.2d 395 ], cert. den., 406 U.S. 972 [ 32 L.Ed.2d 672 , 92 S.Ct. 2417 ].) When the prosecutor referred to the test during argument, defense counsel correctly pointed out that there was no evidence either of the nature of the test or of Boyse's opinion of the test in the record. 1984(See People v. Nye (1969) 71 Cal.2d 356, 374-375 [ 78 Cal.Rptr. 467 , 455 P.2d 395 ], cert, den., 406 U.S. 972 [ 32 L.Ed.2d 672 , 92 S.Ct. 2417 ].) When the prosecutor referred to the test during argument, defense counsel correctly pointed out that there was no evidence either of the nature of the test or of Boyse’s opinion of the test in the record. | 1 | 1984–1984 |
Mabry v. California
green
2 sentences1984(See People v. Nye (1969) 71 Cal.2d 356, 374-375 [ 78 Cal. Rptr. 467 , 455 P.2d 395 ], cert. den., 406 U.S. 972 [ 32 L.Ed.2d 672 , 92 S.Ct. 2417 ].) When the prosecutor referred to the test during argument, defense counsel correctly pointed out that there was no evidence either of the nature of the test or of Boyse's opinion of the test in the record. 1984(See People v. Nye (1969) 71 Cal.2d 356, 374-375 [ 78 Cal.Rptr. 467 , 455 P.2d 395 ], cert, den., 406 U.S. 972 [ 32 L.Ed.2d 672 , 92 S.Ct. 2417 ].) When the prosecutor referred to the test during argument, defense counsel correctly pointed out that there was no evidence either of the nature of the test or of Boyse’s opinion of the test in the record. | 1 | 1984–1984 |
People v. Parrella
green
1 sentence1971In his closing argument the prosecutor referred to the test and again the trial court admonished the jury “not to consider any question about lie detector.” ( 158 Cal.App.2d at p. 147 .) In holding that the error was non-prejudicial, then Presiding Justice Peters noted at page 148 that the error was invited, that the jury was fully admonished, and that the evidence of the guilt was strong. | 1 | 1971–1971 |
Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.