relation-back doctrine (Michigan) · Go Syfert
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relation-back doctrine in Michigan

67 Michigan opinions name it 2 courts 1977–2026 19 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Michigan courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (20)

CaseFollowedCited
Miller v. Chapman Contractinggreen
mich · 2007 · cited in 21 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2013–2025
2 sentences

2025Under Michigan law, standing is a “limited, prudential” doctrine, intended “to assess whether a litigant’s interest in the issue is sufficient to ‘ensure sincere and vigorous advocacy.’ ” Lansing Sch Ed Ass’n v Lansing Bd of Ed, 487 Mich 13 Miller held that the plaintiff could not amend a complaint to add the proper real party in interest, the bankruptcy trustee, because “the relation-back doctrine does not apply to the addition of new parties.” Miller, 477 Mich at 106 (quotation marks, citations, and brackets omitted).

2025Under Michigan law, standing is a “limited, prudential” doctrine, intended “to assess whether a litigant’s interest in the issue is sufficient to ‘ensure sincere and vigorous advocacy.’ ” Lansing Sch Ed Ass’n v Lansing Bd of Ed, 487 Mich 13 Miller held that the plaintiff could not amend a complaint to add the proper real party in interest, the bankruptcy trustee, because “the relation-back doctrine does not apply to the addition of new parties.” Miller, 477 Mich at 106 (quotation marks, citations, and brackets omitted).

621
Casserly v. Wayne Circuit Judgegreen
mich · 1900 · cited in 3 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016See Casserly v Wayne Circuit Judge, 124 Mich 157, 161 (1900), Prather Engineering Co v Detroit, F & S Ry Co, 152 Mich 582, 585 (1908); but see Miller v Chapman Contracting, 477 Mich 102, 105 (2007) (“the relation-back doctrine does not extend to the addition of new parties”).

2016See Casserly v Wayne Circuit Judge, 124 Mich 157, 161 (1900), Prather Engineering Co v Detroit, F & S Ry Co, 152 Mich 582, 585 (1908); but see Miller v Chapman Contracting, 477 Mich 102, 105 (2007) (“the relation-back doctrine does not extend to the addition of new parties”).

33
Prather Engineering Co. v. Detroit, Flint & Saginaw Railwaygreen
mich · 1908 · cited in 3 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016See Casserly v Wayne Circuit Judge, 124 Mich 157, 161 (1900), Prather Engineering Co v Detroit, F & S Ry Co, 152 Mich 582, 585 (1908); but see Miller v Chapman Contracting, 477 Mich 102, 105 (2007) (“the relation-back doctrine does not extend to the addition of new parties”).

2016See Casserly v Wayne Circuit Judge, 124 Mich 157, 161 (1900), Prather Engineering Co v Detroit, F & S Ry Co, 152 Mich 582, 585 (1908); but see Miller v Chapman Contracting, 477 Mich 102, 105 (2007) (“the relation-back doctrine does not extend to the addition of new parties”).

33
Local Emergency Financial Assistance Loan Board v. Blackwellgreen
michctapp · 2013 · cited in 9 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2015–2026
2 sentences

2026“Whether the relation-back doctrine is applicable is a question of law that this Court reviews de novo.” Local Emergency Fin Assistance Loan Bd v Blackwell, 299 Mich App 727, 740-741 ; 832 NW2d 401 (2013).

2026“Whether the relation-back doctrine is applicable is a question of law that this Court reviews de novo.” Local Emergency Fin Assistance Loan Bd v Blackwell, 299 Mich App 727, 740-741 ; 832 NW2d 401 (2013).

29
Jawad a Shah Md Pc v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Cogreen
michctapp · 2018 · cited in 8 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2019–2021
2 sentences

2020In short, Spectrum only received the rights that Conley held in June 2017, and Spectrum “cannot rely on the relation-back doctrine to essentially gain the potential for a greater right to recovery than [it] actually received.” Id. at 205 .

2019Through the assignment, [the] plaintiffs only obtained the rights [assignor] actually held at the time of the execution of the assignment . . . and plaintiffs cannot rely on the relation-back doctrine to essentially gain the potential for a greater right to recovery than they actually received. [Shah, 324 Mich App at 204-205 .] Therefore, this Court concluded that the assignment of rights executed in favor of the plaintiffs only gave them the right to seek no-fault benefits for any portion of the loss that was incurred within one year of the date of assignment.

28
Hurt v. Michael’s Food Center, Incgreen
michctapp · 1997 · cited in 5 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2001–2010
2 sentences

2010This Court has previously held that “the relation-back doctrine does not extend to the addition of new parties.” Employers Mut Cas Co v Petroleum Equip, Inc, 190 Mich App 57, 63 ; 475 NW2d 418 (1991); see also Hurt v Michael’s Food Ctr, Inc, 220 Mich App 169, 179 ; 559 NW2d 660 (1996).

2010This Court has previously held that “the relation-back doctrine does not extend to the addition of new parties.” Employers Mut Cas Co v Petroleum Equip, Inc, 190 Mich App 57, 63 ; 475 NW2d 418 (1991); see also Hurt v Michael’s Food Ctr, Inc, 220 Mich App 169, 179 ; 559 NW2d 660 (1996).

15
LaBar v. Coopergreen
mich · 1965 · cited in 3 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2000–2024
2 sentences

2021And historically our Supreme Court has recognized that the relation-back doctrine serves an important and “functional” purpose, abjuring decision-making based on “technicalities.” LaBar v Cooper, 376 Mich 401, 407 ; 137 NW2d 136 (1965).

2021And historically our Supreme Court has recognized that the relation-back doctrine serves an important and “functional” purpose, abjuring decision-making based on “technicalities.” LaBar v Cooper, 376 Mich 401, 407 ; 137 NW2d 136 (1965).

13
Forest v. Parmaleegreen
michctapp · 1975 · cited in 2 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 1977–1982
2 sentences

1982See Forest v Parmalee (On Rehearing), 60 Mich App 401, 406-407 ; 231 NW2d 378 (1975), aff'd 402 Mich 348 (1978).

1982See Forest v Parmalee (On Rehearing), 60 Mich App 401, 406-407 ; 231 NW2d 378 (1975), aff'd 402 Mich 348 (1978).

12
Gladych v. New Family Homes, Incgreen
mich · 2003 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
2 sentences

2025Plaintiff, however, omits the portion of Miller explicitly stating “the relation-back doctrine does not extend to the addition of new parties.” Id. -4- rules” or “[a]t the time jurisdiction over the defendant is otherwise acquired.” MCL 600.5856(a) and (b); see also Gladych v New Family Homes, Inc, 468 Mich 594, 599 ; 664 NW2d 705 (2003) (If a plaintiff “does not perform any actions specified by [MCL 600.5856], the statute of limitations is not tolled and therefore the period of limitations continues to run after the complaint has been filed.”).

2025Plaintiff, however, omits the portion of Miller explicitly stating “the relation-back doctrine does not extend to the addition of new parties.” Id. -4- rules” or “[a]t the time jurisdiction over the defendant is otherwise acquired.” MCL 600.5856(a) and (b); see also Gladych v New Family Homes, Inc, 468 Mich 594, 599 ; 664 NW2d 705 (2003) (If a plaintiff “does not perform any actions specified by [MCL 600.5856], the statute of limitations is not tolled and therefore the period of limitations continues to run after the complaint has been filed.”).

11
Steven Iliades v. Dieffenbacher North America Incgreen
mich · 2018 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
1 sentence

2022See id.

11
W a Foote Memorial Hospital v. Michigan Assigned Claims Plangreen
michctapp · 2017 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Rinke v. Automotive Moulding Co.green
michctapp · 1998 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
11
Collucci v. Eklundgreen
michctapp · 2000 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
11
Smith v. Henry Ford Hospitalgreen
michctapp · 1997 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Dewsnup v. Timm (In Re Dewsnup)green
utb · 1988 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Barletta v. Tedeschigreen
nynd · 1990 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Maheras v. Awangreen
nyappdiv · 2015 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Shinkle v. Shinklegreen
michctapp · 2003 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
11
Rory v. Continental Insurancegreen
mich · 2005 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
11
Ben P. Fyke & Sons v. Gunter Co.green
mich · 1973 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 1986–1986
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (1)

CaseNegativeCited
Miller v. Chapman Contractinggreen
mich · 2007 · cited in 21 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2013–2025
2 sentences

2025Under Michigan law, standing is a “limited, prudential” doctrine, intended “to assess whether a litigant’s interest in the issue is sufficient to ‘ensure sincere and vigorous advocacy.’ ” Lansing Sch Ed Ass’n v Lansing Bd of Ed, 487 Mich 13 Miller held that the plaintiff could not amend a complaint to add the proper real party in interest, the bankruptcy trustee, because “the relation-back doctrine does not apply to the addition of new parties.” Miller, 477 Mich at 106 (quotation marks, citations, and brackets omitted).

2025Under Michigan law, standing is a “limited, prudential” doctrine, intended “to assess whether a litigant’s interest in the issue is sufficient to ‘ensure sincere and vigorous advocacy.’ ” Lansing Sch Ed Ass’n v Lansing Bd of Ed, 487 Mich 13 Miller held that the plaintiff could not amend a complaint to add the proper real party in interest, the bankruptcy trustee, because “the relation-back doctrine does not apply to the addition of new parties.” Miller, 477 Mich at 106 (quotation marks, citations, and brackets omitted).

321

Also cited on this issue (50)

CaseCitedYears
Hayes-Albion Corp. v. Whiting Corp. green
michctapp · 1990
2 sentences

2023See also Blackwell, 299 Mich App at 741 (stating the general rule that the relation-back doctrine does not extend to the addition of new parties and holding that there is an exception for new plaintiffs, where the defendant had notice of the interest of the person sought to be added as a plaintiff, and the new plaintiff’s claim arises out of the conduct); Hayes-Albion Corp v Whiting Corp, 184 Mich App 410, 418 , 459 NW2d 47 (1990) (providing the same).1 But this Court has recognized exceptions to that general rule where the original plaintiff puts a defendant on notice of the new party’s claim

2023See also Blackwell, 299 Mich App at 741 (stating the general rule that the relation-back doctrine does not extend to the addition of new parties and holding that there is an exception for new plaintiffs, where the defendant had notice of the interest of the person sought to be added as a plaintiff, and the new plaintiff’s claim arises out of the conduct); Hayes-Albion Corp v Whiting Corp, 184 Mich App 410, 418 , 459 NW2d 47 (1990) (providing the same).1 But this Court has recognized exceptions to that general rule where the original plaintiff puts a defendant on notice of the new party’s claim

51997–2023
Employers Mutual Casualty Co. v. Petroleum Equipment, Inc. green
michctapp · 1991
2 sentences

2010This Court has previously held that “the relation-back doctrine does not extend to the addition of new parties.” Employers Mut Cas Co v Petroleum Equip, Inc, 190 Mich App 57, 63 ; 475 NW2d 418 (1991); see also Hurt v Michael’s Food Ctr, Inc, 220 Mich App 169, 179 ; 559 NW2d 660 (1996).

2010This Court has previously held that “the relation-back doctrine does not extend to the addition of new parties.” Employers Mut Cas Co v Petroleum Equip, Inc, 190 Mich App 57, 63 ; 475 NW2d 418 (1991); see also Hurt v Michael’s Food Ctr, Inc, 220 Mich App 169, 179 ; 559 NW2d 660 (1996).

51997–2010
Jones v. Chambers green
mich · 1958
2 sentences

2019As our Supreme Court explained in Jones v Chambers, 353 Mich 674, 681-682 ; 91 NW2d 889 (1958): “The assignment created nothing.

2019As our Supreme Court explained in Jones v Chambers, 353 Mich 674, 681-682 ; 91 NW2d 889 (1958): “The assignment created nothing.

42018–2019
Burkhardt v. Bailey green
michctapp · 2004
2 sentences

2019Through the assignment, plaintiffs only obtained the rights Hensley actually held at the time of the execution of the assignment, Burkhardt, 260 Mich App at 652-653 , and plaintiffs cannot rely on the relation-back doctrine to essentially gain the potential for a greater right to recovery than they actually received.

2018Through the assignment, plaintiffs only obtained the rights Hensley actually held at the time of the execution of the assignment, Burkhardt , 260 Mich.App. at 652 -653 , 680 N.W.2d 453 , and plaintiffs cannot rely on the relation-back doctrine to essentially gain the potential for a greater right to recovery than they actually received.

42018–2019
Castle v. Lockwood-MacDonald Hospital green
michctapp · 1972
2 sentences

2024Though the language of the statute provides an appointment as administrator after the period of limitations has expired relates back to the filing of suit if, at the time the suit was filed the plaintiff holds a good faith reasonable belief that he has authority to bring suit as administrator, provided that the defendant is not prejudiced by the application of the relation-back doctrine in such situations”); Warren v Howlett, 148 Mich App 417, 422-423 ; 383 NW2d 636 (1986); Fisher v Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft, 115 Mich App 781, 786 ; 321 NW2d 814 (1982) (appointment as personal represen

2024Though the language of the statute provides an appointment as administrator after the period of limitations has expired relates back to the filing of suit if, at the time the suit was filed the plaintiff holds a good faith reasonable belief that he has authority to bring suit as administrator, provided that the defendant is not prejudiced by the application of the relation-back doctrine in such situations”); Warren v Howlett, 148 Mich App 417, 422-423 ; 383 NW2d 636 (1986); Fisher v Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft, 115 Mich App 781, 786 ; 321 NW2d 814 (1982) (appointment as personal represen

31986–2024
Fisher v. Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft green
michctapp · 1982
2 sentences

2024Though the language of the statute provides an appointment as administrator after the period of limitations has expired relates back to the filing of suit if, at the time the suit was filed the plaintiff holds a good faith reasonable belief that he has authority to bring suit as administrator, provided that the defendant is not prejudiced by the application of the relation-back doctrine in such situations”); Warren v Howlett, 148 Mich App 417, 422-423 ; 383 NW2d 636 (1986); Fisher v Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft, 115 Mich App 781, 786 ; 321 NW2d 814 (1982) (appointment as personal represen

2024Though the language of the statute provides an appointment as administrator after the period of limitations has expired relates back to the filing of suit if, at the time the suit was filed the plaintiff holds a good faith reasonable belief that he has authority to bring suit as administrator, provided that the defendant is not prejudiced by the application of the relation-back doctrine in such situations”); Warren v Howlett, 148 Mich App 417, 422-423 ; 383 NW2d 636 (1986); Fisher v Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft, 115 Mich App 781, 786 ; 321 NW2d 814 (1982) (appointment as personal represen

31986–2024
Doyle v. Hutzel Hospital green
michctapp · 2000
2 sentences

2024Under the relation-back doctrine, an “amended pleading can introduce new facts, new theories, or even a different cause of action as long as the amendment arises from the same transactional setting that was set forth in the original pleading.” Doyle, 241 Mich App at 212-213 .

2024“The principle to be gleaned . . . is the necessity for a broadly focused inquiry regarding whether the allegations in the original and amended pleadings stem from the same general ‘conduct, transaction, or occurrence.’ ” Id. at 219 .

32001–2024
Grist v. the Upjohn Company green
michctapp · 1965
2 sentences

2021This conclusion rested on dicta from a case decided in 1965, Grist v Upjohn Co, 1 Mich App 72, 84 ; 134 NW2d 358 (1965), noting that in the court rules “there is no provision for relating back as to supplemental pleadings . . . .” The relation-back doctrine was immaterial to this Court’s decision in Grist.

2021This conclusion rested on dicta from a case decided in 1965, Grist v Upjohn Co, 1 Mich App 72, 84 ; 134 NW2d 358 (1965), noting that in the court rules “there is no provision for relating back as to supplemental pleadings . . . .” The relation-back doctrine was immaterial to this Court’s decision in Grist.

32018–2021
American Pipe & Construction Co. v. Utah green
scotus · 1974
2 sentences

2006Additionally, the Court of Appeals demonstrated that it applied the relation-back doctrine only when it stated: Both defendant and the trial court interpret the ruling in American Pipe [& Constr Co v Utah, 414 US 538 ; 94 S Ct 756 ; 38 L Ed 2d 713 (1974)] to require notification of specific causes of action before the period of limitations on those claims expires.

2006Additionally, the Court of Appeals demonstrated that it applied the relation-back doctrine only when it stated: Both defendant and the trial court interpret the ruling in American Pipe [& Constr Co v Utah, 414 US 538 ; 94 S Ct 756 ; 38 L Ed 2d 713 (1974)] to require notification of specific causes of action before the period of limitations on those claims expires.

32004–2007
People v. Mungo green
mich · 2009
2 sentences

2025Though the Court also made various statements about the real party in interest rule, such as describing it as a “standing doctrine,” see id. at 106-107 , these comments were neither “necessarily involved nor essential to determination of the case in hand” and thus were dicta, Wold Architects & Engineers v Strat, 474 Mich 223 , 232 n 3; 713 NW2d 750 (2006) (quotation marks and citations omitted). 17 349, 355; 792 NW2d 686 (2010) (LSEA).

2025Though the Court also made various statements about the real party in interest rule, such as describing it as a “standing doctrine,” see id. at 106-107 , these comments were neither “necessarily involved nor essential to determination of the case in hand” and thus were dicta, Wold Architects & Engineers v Strat, 474 Mich 223 , 232 n 3; 713 NW2d 750 (2006) (quotation marks and citations omitted). 17 349, 355; 792 NW2d 686 (2010) (LSEA).

22025–2025
Wold Architects and Engineers v. Strat green
mich · 2006
2 sentences

2025Though the Court also made various statements about the real party in interest rule, such as describing it as a “standing doctrine,” see id. at 106-107 , these comments were neither “necessarily involved nor essential to determination of the case in hand” and thus were dicta, Wold Architects & Engineers v Strat, 474 Mich 223 , 232 n 3; 713 NW2d 750 (2006) (quotation marks and citations omitted). 17 349, 355; 792 NW2d 686 (2010) (LSEA).

2025Though the Court also made various statements about the real party in interest rule, such as describing it as a “standing doctrine,” see id. at 106-107 , these comments were neither “necessarily involved nor essential to determination of the case in hand” and thus were dicta, Wold Architects & Engineers v Strat, 474 Mich 223 , 232 n 3; 713 NW2d 750 (2006) (quotation marks and citations omitted). 17 349, 355; 792 NW2d 686 (2010) (LSEA).

22025–2025
Doan v. Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Co. green
michctapp · 1969
2 sentences

2024Though the language of the statute provides an appointment as administrator after the period of limitations has expired relates back to the filing of suit if, at the time the suit was filed the plaintiff holds a good faith reasonable belief that he has authority to bring suit as administrator, provided that the defendant is not prejudiced by the application of the relation-back doctrine in such situations”); Warren v Howlett, 148 Mich App 417, 422-423 ; 383 NW2d 636 (1986); Fisher v Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft, 115 Mich App 781, 786 ; 321 NW2d 814 (1982) (appointment as personal represen

2024Though the language of the statute provides an appointment as administrator after the period of limitations has expired relates back to the filing of suit if, at the time the suit was filed the plaintiff holds a good faith reasonable belief that he has authority to bring suit as administrator, provided that the defendant is not prejudiced by the application of the relation-back doctrine in such situations”); Warren v Howlett, 148 Mich App 417, 422-423 ; 383 NW2d 636 (1986); Fisher v Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft, 115 Mich App 781, 786 ; 321 NW2d 814 (1982) (appointment as personal represen

21986–2024
Salem Springs, LLC v. Salem Township green
michctapp · 2015
2 sentences

2023See Miller v Chapman Contracting, 477 Mich 102, 106-108 ; 730 NW2d 462 (2007); Salem Springs, LLC v Salem Twp, 312 Mich App 210, 222-224 ; 880 NW2d 793 (2015).

2020Salem Springs, 312 Mich App at 221-224 .

22020–2023
Davis v. Department of Corrections green
michctapp · 2002
2 sentences

2017Id. at 376 .

2017Id. at 376 .

22017–2017
Maiden v. Rozwood green
mich · 1999
1 sentence

2026Id.

12026–2026
Kearns v. Michigan Iron & Coke Co. green
mich · 1954
1 sentence

2025Id.

12025–2025
Warren v. Howlett green
michctapp · 1986
2 sentences

2024Though the language of the statute provides an appointment as administrator after the period of limitations has expired relates back to the filing of suit if, at the time the suit was filed the plaintiff holds a good faith reasonable belief that he has authority to bring suit as administrator, provided that the defendant is not prejudiced by the application of the relation-back doctrine in such situations”); Warren v Howlett, 148 Mich App 417, 422-423 ; 383 NW2d 636 (1986); Fisher v Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft, 115 Mich App 781, 786 ; 321 NW2d 814 (1982) (appointment as personal represen

2024Though the language of the statute provides an appointment as administrator after the period of limitations has expired relates back to the filing of suit if, at the time the suit was filed the plaintiff holds a good faith reasonable belief that he has authority to bring suit as administrator, provided that the defendant is not prejudiced by the application of the relation-back doctrine in such situations”); Warren v Howlett, 148 Mich App 417, 422-423 ; 383 NW2d 636 (1986); Fisher v Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft, 115 Mich App 781, 786 ; 321 NW2d 814 (1982) (appointment as personal represen

12024–2024
Davis v. State Employees' Retirement Board green
michctapp · 2006
2 sentences

2023“Questions regarding statutory construction and whether a statute or amended statute should be applied retroactively or prospectively only are reviewed de novo.” Davis v State Employees’ Retirement Bd, 272 Mich App 151, 152-153 ; 725 NW2d 56 (2006).

2023“Questions regarding statutory construction and whether a statute or amended statute should be applied retroactively or prospectively only are reviewed de novo.” Davis v State Employees’ Retirement Bd, 272 Mich App 151, 152-153 ; 725 NW2d 56 (2006).

12023–2023
Pontiac Police & Fire Retiree Prefunded Group Health & Insurance Trust Board of Trustees v. City of Pontiac No 2 green
michctapp · 2015
2 sentences

2023“The “issue of whether a plaintiff is the real party in interest is also a question of law that we review de novo.” Pontiac Police & Fire Prefunded Group Health & Ins Trust Bd of Trustees v Pontiac No 2, 309 Mich App 611, 621 ; 873 NW2d 783 (2015).

2023“The “issue of whether a plaintiff is the real party in interest is also a question of law that we review de novo.” Pontiac Police & Fire Prefunded Group Health & Ins Trust Bd of Trustees v Pontiac No 2, 309 Mich App 611, 621 ; 873 NW2d 783 (2015).

12023–2023
Teddy 23, LLC v. Michigan Film Office green
michctapp · 2015
1 sentence

2022Teddy 23, LLC v Mich Film Office, 313 Mich App 557, 570-571 ; 884 NW2d 799 (2015); Local Emergency Fin Assistance Loan Bd v Blackwell, 299 Mich App 727, 740-741 ; 832 NW2d 401 (2013).

12022–2022
Bint v. Doe green
michctapp · 2007
12019–2019
Bint v. Doe green
michctapp · 2007
12019–2019
Darryl McGore v. Baraga Correctional Facility Warden green
mich · 2018
12019–2019
Wells Fargo Bank v. Country Place Condominium Ass'n green
michctapp · 2014
12016–2016
Flint & Pere Marquette Railway Co. v. Gordon green
mich · 1879
12016–2016
Tice Estate v. Tice green
michctapp · 2010
12014–2014
General Motors Corp. v. Department of Treasury green
michctapp · 2010
12014–2014
Dunitz v. Woodford Apartments Co. green
mich · 1926
12014–2014
Whipple v. Farrar green
· 1855
12014–2014
Clark v. Hall green
mich · 1869
12014–2014
Vushaj v. Farm Bureau General Insurance green
michctapp · 2009
12014–2014
Stamp v. Mill Street Inn green
michctapp · 1986
12010–2010
Blue Cross & Blue Shield v. Eaton Rapids Community Hospital green
michctapp · 1997
12007–2007
Tiller v. Atlantic Coast Line Railroad green
scotus · 1945
12007–2007
Cowles v. Bank West green
mich · 2006
12007–2007
Cowles v. Bank West green
michctapp · 2004
12006–2006
Devlin v. Scardelletti green
scotus · 2002
12004–2004
Yudashkin v. Holden green
michctapp · 2001
12004–2004
Colista v. Thomas green
michctapp · 2000
12001–2001
Hoste v. Shanty Creek Management, Inc green
mich · 1999
12001–2001

Statutes the citing opinions construe

MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3145 (26) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3101 (17) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5856 (8) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3112 (7) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5805 (7) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.2041 (6) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.101 (5) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 445.901 (4) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3107 (4) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3135 (4) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 559.158 (3) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.2301 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

NY 429 (1929–2026) CA 143 (1965–2025) IL 123 (1962–2026) TX 95 (1958–2025) AL 73 (1984–2026) MI 67 (1977–2026) FL 59 (1961–2025) CT 56 (1988–2023) NC 40 (1971–2025) IA 36 (1992–2026) MD 27 (1962–2022) ID 26 (1984–2018) MS 22 (1987–2018) NJ 22 (1975–2025) CO 18 (1966–2016) LA 18 (1985–2023) PA 17 (1971–2025) OK 16 (1964–2017) UT 16 (1925–2025) GA 16 (1933–2026) MA 15 (1961–2020) MO 15 (1977–2023) OH 14 (1962–2024) WA 13 (1978–2021) IN 12 (1990–2026) TN 12 (1994–2026) MN 9 (1985–2012) DE 9 (1997–2025) NE 8 (1994–2023) MT 8 (1929–2026) AK 8 (1985–2021) OR 7 (1964–2016) NM 7 (1981–2013) AZ 6 (1981–2016) SD 6 (1994–2018) KY 6 (2005–2026) AR 6 (2003–2025) NV 6 (1993–2016) WY 6 (2004–2021) VA 5 (2003–2026) KS 5 (1977–2018) DC 4 (1977–2019) WV 4 (1990–2020) VT 3 (2006–2026) WI 3 (2010–2016) VI 3 (2012–2015) RI 3 (1995–2010) ND 2 (2004–2004) HI 2 (2005–2006)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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