use of an objective test (California) · Go Syfert
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use of an objective test in California

7 California opinions name it 1 courts 1970–2024 2 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (4)

CaseFollowedCited
Russell v. Union Oil Co.green
calctapp · 1970 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 2023–2024
2 sentences

2024(Russell v. Union Oil Co. (1970) 7 Cal.App.3d 110, 114 ; accord, Moritz v. Universal City Studios LLC (2020) 54 Cal.App.5th 238 , 246.) “If there is no evidence establishing a manifestation of assent to the ‘same thing’ by both parties, then there is no mutual consent to contract and no contract formation.” (Weddington Productions, Inc. v. Flick (1998) 60 Cal.App.4th 793, 811 .) The party seeking to enforce an arbitration agreement has the and (3) we can be sure our decision would not be altered by presentation of additional evidence.

2023(Ibid. [“ ‘Mutual assent or consent is necessary to the formation of a contract’ and ‘[m]utual assent is a question of fact’ ”]; see also Russell v. Union Oil Co. (1970) 7 Cal.App.3d 110, 114 [“The determination whether [mutual assent] is present is made by the use of an objective test, the manifestations or expressions of assent being controlling. [Citation.] ‘Mutual assent is gathered from the reasonable meaning of the words and acts of the parties, and not from their unexpressed intentions or understanding’ ”].) LaCasse argues Ruiz and Espejo compel a different conclusion.

12
Geertz v. Ausoniogreen
calctapp · 1992 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 1996–2001
2 sentences

2001The test is thus objective rather than subjective; it is not applied to each individual user." ( Tomko Woll Group Architects, Inc. v. Superior Court (1996) 46 Cal. App.4th 1326, 1339 , 54 Cal.Rptr.2d 300 .) "The use of an objective test for a patent defect effectuates the broad protection afforded contractors by the statute [i.e., section 337.1] by eliminating the possibility that a defect could be deemed patent as to some plaintiffs and latent as to others depending on the circumstances of each person injured as a result of the defect." ( Geertz v. Ausonio (1992) 4 Cal.App.4th 1363, 1370 , 6

2001The test is thus objective rather than subjective; it is not applied to each individual user." ( Tomko Woll Group Architects, Inc. v. Superior Court (1996) 46 Cal. App.4th 1326, 1339 , 54 Cal.Rptr.2d 300 .) "The use of an objective test for a patent defect effectuates the broad protection afforded contractors by the statute [i.e., section 337.1] by eliminating the possibility that a defect could be deemed patent as to some plaintiffs and latent as to others depending on the circumstances of each person injured as a result of the defect." ( Geertz v. Ausonio (1992) 4 Cal.App.4th 1363, 1370 , 6

12
Weddington Productions, Inc. v. Flickgreen
calctapp · 1998 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024(Russell v. Union Oil Co. (1970) 7 Cal.App.3d 110, 114 ; accord, Moritz v. Universal City Studios LLC (2020) 54 Cal.App.5th 238 , 246.) “If there is no evidence establishing a manifestation of assent to the ‘same thing’ by both parties, then there is no mutual consent to contract and no contract formation.” (Weddington Productions, Inc. v. Flick (1998) 60 Cal.App.4th 793, 811 .) The party seeking to enforce an arbitration agreement has the and (3) we can be sure our decision would not be altered by presentation of additional evidence.

11
King v. Stanleygreen
cal · 1948 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1970–1970
2 sentences

1970(King v. Stanley, 32 Cal.2d 584, 591 [ 197 P.2d 321 ].) “Mutual assent is gathered from the reasonable meaning of the words and acts of the parties, and not from their unexpressed intentions or understanding.” (1 Witkin, Summary of Cal. Law (1960) p. 39.) (3) Acceptance of an offer, which may be manifested by conduct as well as by words, must be expressed or communicated by the offeree to the offeror. (1 Witkin, Summary of Cal. Law (1960) pp. 64-65.) The record shows that plaintiff was on notice at all times that Union was claiming authorization to maintain the telephone line under color of ri

1970(King v. Stanley, 32 Cal.2d 584, 591 [ 197 P.2d 321 ].) “Mutual assent is gathered from the reasonable meaning of the words and acts of the parties, and not from their unexpressed intentions or understanding.” (1 Witkin, Summary of Cal. Law (1960) p. 39.) (3) Acceptance of an offer, which may be manifested by conduct as well as by words, must be expressed or communicated by the offeree to the offeror. (1 Witkin, Summary of Cal. Law (1960) pp. 64-65.) The record shows that plaintiff was on notice at all times that Union was claiming authorization to maintain the telephone line under color of ri

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in California. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (3)

CaseCitedYears
People v. Sanders green
cal · 2003
2 sentences

2005The court explained: “Whren’s analysis logically extends, at the very least, to a search where ... the circumstances, viewed objectively, show a possible probation violation that justifies a search of the probationer’s house pursuant to a search condition.” (Woods, supra, at pp. 678-679 .) In a footnote, the court further clarified: “[W]e emphasize ‘at the very least’ because our cases effectively recognize that a search pursuant to a probation search condition may be reasonable and lawful without facts indicating a probation violation . . . .” (Id. at p. 679, fn. 6.) The court reaffirmed the

2005The court explained: “Whren’s analysis logically extends, at the very least, to a search where ... the circumstances, viewed objectively, show a possible probation violation that justifies a search of the probationer’s house pursuant to a search condition.” (Woods, supra, at pp. 678-679 .) In a footnote, the court further clarified: “[W]e emphasize ‘at the very least’ because our cases effectively recognize that a search pursuant to a probation search condition may be reasonable and lawful without facts indicating a probation violation . . . .” (Id. at p. 679, fn. 6.) The court reaffirmed the

12005–2005
Tomko Woll Group Architects, Inc. v. Superior Court green
calctapp · 1996
2 sentences

2001The test is thus objective rather than subjective; it is not applied to each individual user." ( Tomko Woll Group Architects, Inc. v. Superior Court (1996) 46 Cal. App.4th 1326, 1339 , 54 Cal.Rptr.2d 300 .) "The use of an objective test for a patent defect effectuates the broad protection afforded contractors by the statute [i.e., section 337.1] by eliminating the possibility that a defect could be deemed patent as to some plaintiffs and latent as to others depending on the circumstances of each person injured as a result of the defect." ( Geertz v. Ausonio (1992) 4 Cal.App.4th 1363, 1370 , 6

2001The test is thus objective rather than subjective; it is not applied to each individual user." ( Tomko Woll Group Architects, Inc. v. Superior Court (1996) 46 Cal. App.4th 1326, 1339 , 54 Cal.Rptr.2d 300 .) "The use of an objective test for a patent defect effectuates the broad protection afforded contractors by the statute [i.e., section 337.1] by eliminating the possibility that a defect could be deemed patent as to some plaintiffs and latent as to others depending on the circumstances of each person injured as a result of the defect." ( Geertz v. Ausonio (1992) 4 Cal.App.4th 1363, 1370 , 6

12001–2001
Mathews v. City of Cerritos green
calctapp · 1992
1 sentence

1994As observed in Mathews v. City of Cerritos, supra, 2 Cal.App.4th 1380 , “[t]he statutory definition of reasonably foreseeable persons using the property with due care takes into consideration the lower standard of care which is expected of children. [Citations.]” {Id. at p. 1385.) III.

11994–1994

Statutes the citing opinions construe

CA § Cal. Civil Code § 1550 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 7 (1970–2024) NM 6 (2009–2025) WI 4 (2000–2019) NJ 4 (1979–2001) NY 3 (1985–2024) MD 3 (1990–2018) DC 3 (1989–2012) MI 2 (1996–2011) ND 2 (1978–2007) FL 2 (1997–2000) WA 2 (1975–1996) DE 2 (2016–2022) HI 2 (1973–2025)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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