first branch test (New York) · Go Syfert
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first branch test in New York

7 New York opinions name it 3 courts 1854–1987 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by New York courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (1)

CaseFollowedCited
Berenson v. Town of New Castlegreen
ny · 1975 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 1985–1987
2 sentences

1987In the leading case of Berenson v Town of New Castle ( 38 NY2d 102, 110 [1975]), the Court of Appeals set forth a two-part test for courts to use to determine the validity of a zoning ordinance challenged as exclusionary, as follows: "The first branch of the test, then, is simply whether the board has provided a properly balanced and well ordered plan for the community * * * Of course, what may be appropriate for one community may differ substantially from what is appropriate for another * * * "Secondly, in enacting a zoning ordinance, consideration must be given to regional needs and requirem

1985With regard to the second component of the first branch of the test, moreover, the plaintiffs have been unable to demonstrate that the ordinance in question fails to provide for a “well ordered plan” for the community (see, Berenson v Town of New Castle, supra, p 110), since neither their lay nor expert testimony was successful in overcoming either the strong presumption of constitutionality which attaches to such an ordinance or the testimony of the defendants’ planning expert, Mr. Schulman.

22

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in New York. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (10)

CaseCitedYears
Golden v. Planning Board of Ramapo green
ny · 1972
2 sentences

1987Nevertheless, obviously building on the court’s concerns in Matter of Golden v Planning Bd. (supra) that regional considerations should be taken into account and that the rights of developers could not be viewed separately and apart from those in search of decent housing, the Berenson court formulated the following test to determine the validity of a zoning ordinance challenged as having an exclusionary intent or impact: "The first branch of the test, then, is simply whether the board has provided a properly balanced and well ordered plan for the community * * * Thus, in this case, the court m

1985(Cf. Matter of Golden v Planning Bd. of Town of Ramapo, 30 NY2d 359, 378 , app dsmd 490 US 1003 , supra.) * * * “The first branch of the test, then, is simply whether the board has provided a properly balanced and well ordered plan for the community.

21985–1987
Udell v. Haas green
ny · 1968
2 sentences

1985(See Udell v Haas, 21 NY2d 463 .) Of course, what may be appropriate for one community may differ substantially from what is appropriate for another.

1975(See Udell v Haas, 21 NY2d 463 .) Of course, what may be appropriate for one community may differ substantially from what is appropriate for another. 2 Thus, in this case, the court must ascertain what types of housing presently exist in New Castle, their quantity and quality, and whether this array adequately meets the present needs of the town.

21975–1985
Baltimore City Department of Social Services v. Bouknight neutral
scotus · 1989
1 sentence

1985(Cf. Matter of Golden v Planning Bd. of Town of Ramapo, 30 NY2d 359, 378 , app dsmd 490 US 1003 , supra.) * * * “The first branch of the test, then, is simply whether the board has provided a properly balanced and well ordered plan for the community.

11985–1985
In Re the Arbitration Between Weinrott & Carp green
ny · 1973
1 sentence

1984Any issue as to the validity of the substantive provisions of the contract (including its failure to reflect a meeting of the minds) would be for the arbitrator (see Matter of Weinrott [Carp], 32 NY2d 190, 198 ).

11984–1984
Dowsey v. Village of Kensington green
ny · 1931
1 sentence

1975(Matter of Fox Meadow Estates v Culley, 233 App Div 250 , affd without opn 261 NY 506 , supra.) While it may be impermissible in an undeveloped community to prevent entirely the construction of multiple-family residences anywhere in the locality "(see Dowsey v Village of Kensington, 257 NY 221 , supra), it is perfectly acceptable to limit new construction of such buildings where such units already exist (Matter of Fox Meadow Estates v Culley, supra.) The first branch of the test, then, is simply whether the board has provided a properly balanced and well ordered plan for the community.

11975–1975
Matter of Fox Meadow Estates, Inc. v. Culley neutral
ny · 1933
1 sentence

1975(Matter of Fox Meadow Estates v Culley, 233 App Div 250 , affd without opn 261 NY 506 , supra.) While it may be impermissible in an undeveloped community to prevent entirely the construction of multiple-family residences anywhere in the locality "(see Dowsey v Village of Kensington, 257 NY 221 , supra), it is perfectly acceptable to limit new construction of such buildings where such units already exist (Matter of Fox Meadow Estates v Culley, supra.) The first branch of the test, then, is simply whether the board has provided a properly balanced and well ordered plan for the community.

11975–1975
Fox Meadow Estates, Inc. v. Culley green
nyappdiv · 1931
2 sentences

1975(Matter of Fox Meadow Estates v Culley, 233 App Div 250 , affd without opn 261 NY 506 , supra.) While it may be impermissible in an undeveloped community to prevent entirely the construction of multiple-family residences anywhere in the locality "(see Dowsey v Village of Kensington, 257 NY 221 , supra), it is perfectly acceptable to limit new construction of such buildings where such units already exist (Matter of Fox Meadow Estates v Culley, supra.) The first branch of the test, then, is simply whether the board has provided a properly balanced and well ordered plan for the community.

1975(Matter of Fox Meadow Estates v Culley, 233 App Div 250 , affd without opn 261 NY 506 , supra.) While it may be impermissible in an undeveloped community to prevent entirely the construction of multiple-family residences anywhere in the locality "(see Dowsey v Village of Kensington, 257 NY 221 , supra), it is perfectly acceptable to limit new construction of such buildings where such units already exist (Matter of Fox Meadow Estates v Culley, supra.) The first branch of the test, then, is simply whether the board has provided a properly balanced and well ordered plan for the community.

11975–1975
Hendrickson v. . the People green
ny · 1854
1 sentence

1900Section 395 of the Code of Criminal Procedure is an explicit statutory declaration of the rule which has been adhered to by this court ever since the decision in Hendrickson v. People, 10 N. Y. 13 .

11900–1900
Hull v. . Carnley neutral
ny · 1854
1 sentence

1893And on the first branch of their defense they cite Hull v. Carnley, 11 N. Y. 501 .

11893–1893
Knight v. Wilcox neutral
nysupct · 1853
1 sentence

1854Upon the motion to set aside the nonsuit granted on the first trial, we held, as to the point of loss of services, that pregnancy and the birth of a child were not essential to the right of action, and that it was sufficient if illness of the daughter, whereby she was unable to labor, had been produced by shame for the seduction. ( 15 Barb. 279 .) In addition to the references in the opinion then delivered, in support of the first branch of this doctrine, I cite Briggs v. Evans, (5 Iredell, 16,) Sedg. on Dam. 2d ed. 543.

11854–1854

Where else courts name it

NY 7 (1854–1987) MI 7 (1981–1987) IL 5 (1909–1983) CA 3 (1973–1975) WA 2 (1933–1964) PA 2 (1900–1938) OH 2 (1840–1908) MD 2 (1868–1958) NJ 2 (1858–1885) IA 2 (1876–1922)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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