Pena factors (Utah) · Go Syfert
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Pena factors in Utah

7 Utah opinions name it 2 courts 1995–2022 1 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Utah courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (9)

CaseFollowedCited
State v. Levingreen
utah · 2006 · cited in 2 Utah opinions naming this issue, 2012–2022
2 sentences

2022In Levin, we refined the Pena test by “dropp[ing] the ‘novelty’ factor” and by “rephras[ing] the factors . . . in a manner that better reflects their usefulness in selecting a standard of review from somewhere along the spectrum of deference.” 2006 UT 50 , ¶¶ 28–29. 13 RANDOLPH v. STATE Opinion of the Court should have some discretion in making their bindover determinations.” Id. ¶ 34.

2022In Levin, we refined the Pena test by “dropp[ing] the ‘novelty’ factor” and by “rephras[ing] the factors . . . in a manner that better reflects their usefulness in selecting a standard of review from somewhere along the spectrum of deference.” 2006 UT 50 , ¶¶ 28–29. 13 RANDOLPH v. STATE Opinion of the Court should have some discretion in making their bindover determinations.” Id. ¶ 34.

12
State v. Penagreen
utah · 1994 · cited in 2 Utah opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
2 sentences

2006See, e.g., Desert Miriah, Inc. v. B & L Auto, Inc., 2000 UT 83, ¶¶ 10, 12 , 12 P.3d 580 (quoting and applying the original three Pena factors and then mentioning in a later paragraph that there are "no policy reasons outweighing” the first three factors suggesting a deferential standard). 37 . 2004 UT 95, ¶¶ 14-15 , 103 P.3d 699 . 38 . 2006 UT 29, ¶ 28 , 137 P.3d 787 . 39 . 869 P.2d at 939 . 40 .

2006Pena, 869 P.2d at 938-39 . ¶ 17 In the present case, consideration of the three Pena factors leads us to conclude that at least some deference should be granted to the district court’s application of the law to the facts.

12
Osman Home Improvement v. Industrial Commissiongreen
utahctapp · 1998 · cited in 1 Utah opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
2 sentences

2012See Osman Home Improvement v. Industrial Comm'n, 958 P.2d 240 , 243 n. 4 (Utah Ct.App.1998) ("[NJlothing in Drake indicates an intention by the court to displace its own precedent on [the standard of review when a statute explicitly grants an ageney discretion]....").

2012See Osman Home Improvement v. Industrial Comm'n, 958 P.2d 240 , 243 n. 4 (Utah Ct.App.1998) ("[NJlothing in Drake indicates an intention by the court to displace its own precedent on [the standard of review when a statute explicitly grants an ageney discretion]....").

11
State, Department of Human Services Ex Rel. Parker v. Irizarrygreen
utah · 1997 · cited in 1 Utah opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
2 sentences

2009Parker v. Irizarry, 945 P.2d 676, 678 (Utah 1997) (applying the Pena factors and determining the appropriate standard of review for equitable estoppel determinations). 5 .

2009Parker v. Irizarry, 945 P.2d 676, 678 (Utah 1997) (applying the Pena factors and determining the appropriate standard of review for equitable estoppel determinations). 5 .

11
State v. Brakegreen
utah · 2004 · cited in 1 Utah opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
2 sentences

2006See, e.g., Desert Miriah, Inc. v. B & L Auto, Inc., 2000 UT 83, ¶¶ 10, 12 , 12 P.3d 580 (quoting and applying the original three Pena factors and then mentioning in a later paragraph that there are "no policy reasons outweighing” the first three factors suggesting a deferential standard). 37 . 2004 UT 95, ¶¶ 14-15 , 103 P.3d 699 . 38 . 2006 UT 29, ¶ 28 , 137 P.3d 787 . 39 . 869 P.2d at 939 . 40 .

2006See, e.g., Desert Miriah, Inc. v. B & L Auto, Inc., 2000 UT 83, ¶¶ 10, 12 , 12 P.3d 580 (quoting and applying the original three Pena factors and then mentioning in a later paragraph that there are "no policy reasons outweighing” the first three factors suggesting a deferential standard). 37 . 2004 UT 95, ¶¶ 14-15 , 103 P.3d 699 . 38 . 2006 UT 29, ¶ 28 , 137 P.3d 787 . 39 . 869 P.2d at 939 . 40 .

11
State v. Virgingreen
utah · 2006 · cited in 1 Utah opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
2 sentences

2006See, e.g., Desert Miriah, Inc. v. B & L Auto, Inc., 2000 UT 83, ¶¶ 10, 12 , 12 P.3d 580 (quoting and applying the original three Pena factors and then mentioning in a later paragraph that there are "no policy reasons outweighing” the first three factors suggesting a deferential standard). 37 . 2004 UT 95, ¶¶ 14-15 , 103 P.3d 699 . 38 . 2006 UT 29, ¶ 28 , 137 P.3d 787 . 39 . 869 P.2d at 939 . 40 .

2006See, e.g., Desert Miriah, Inc. v. B & L Auto, Inc., 2000 UT 83, ¶¶ 10, 12 , 12 P.3d 580 (quoting and applying the original three Pena factors and then mentioning in a later paragraph that there are "no policy reasons outweighing” the first three factors suggesting a deferential standard). 37 . 2004 UT 95, ¶¶ 14-15 , 103 P.3d 699 . 38 . 2006 UT 29, ¶ 28 , 137 P.3d 787 . 39 . 869 P.2d at 939 . 40 .

11
Desert Miriah, Inc. v. B & L AUTO, INC.green
utah · 2000 · cited in 1 Utah opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
2 sentences

2006See, e.g., Desert Miriah, Inc. v. B & L Auto, Inc., 2000 UT 83, ¶¶ 10, 12 , 12 P.3d 580 (quoting and applying the original three Pena factors and then mentioning in a later paragraph that there are "no policy reasons outweighing” the first three factors suggesting a deferential standard). 37 . 2004 UT 95, ¶¶ 14-15 , 103 P.3d 699 . 38 . 2006 UT 29, ¶ 28 , 137 P.3d 787 . 39 . 869 P.2d at 939 . 40 .

2006See, e.g., Desert Miriah, Inc. v. B & L Auto, Inc., 2000 UT 83, ¶¶ 10, 12 , 12 P.3d 580 (quoting and applying the original three Pena factors and then mentioning in a later paragraph that there are "no policy reasons outweighing” the first three factors suggesting a deferential standard). 37 . 2004 UT 95, ¶¶ 14-15 , 103 P.3d 699 . 38 . 2006 UT 29, ¶ 28 , 137 P.3d 787 . 39 . 869 P.2d at 939 . 40 .

11
State v. Goddardgreen
utah · 1994 · cited in 1 Utah opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
2 sentences

1995See State v. Lopez, 886 P.2d 1105, 1113-14 (Utah 1994); State v. Goddard, 871 P.2d 540, 545-46 (Utah 1994).

1995See State v. Lopez, 886 P.2d 1105, 1113-14 (Utah 1994); State v. Goddard, 871 P.2d 540, 545-46 (Utah 1994).

11
State v. Lopezgreen
utah · 1994 · cited in 1 Utah opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
2 sentences

1995See State v. Lopez, 886 P.2d 1105, 1113-14 (Utah 1994); State v. Goddard, 871 P.2d 540, 545-46 (Utah 1994).

1995See State v. Lopez, 886 P.2d 1105, 1113-14 (Utah 1994); State v. Goddard, 871 P.2d 540, 545-46 (Utah 1994).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Utah. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (7)

CaseCitedYears
Drake v. Industrial Commission of Utah green
utah · 1997
2 sentences

2013We further stated that “we believe the Pena standard is a more accurate measure of the degree of deference to be given to an agency . . . rather than using undefinable labels such as ‘reasonableness.’” Id.

2013We further stated that “we believe the Pena standard is a more accurate measure of the degree of deference to be given to an agency . . . rather than using undefinable labels such as ‘reasonableness.’” Id.

22012–2013
Westside Dixon Associates LLC v. Utah Power & Light Co. green
utah · 2002
2 sentences

2012In Westside Dixon Associates, LLC v. Utah Power & Light Co./Pacificorp, 2002 UT 31 , 44 P.3d 775 , the supreme court disclaimed any relevance that Drake might have to UAPA standard-of-review cases: "We note that all parties to this petition cite Drake v. Industrial Comm'n, 939 P.2d 177 (Utah 1997), regarding appropriate agency standards of review.

2012In Westside Dixon Associates, LLC v. Utah Power & Light Co./Pacificorp, 2002 UT 31 , 44 P.3d 775 , the supreme court disclaimed any relevance that Drake might have to UAPA standard-of-review cases: "We note that all parties to this petition cite Drake v. Industrial Comm'n, 939 P.2d 177 (Utah 1997), regarding appropriate agency standards of review.

12012–2012
Dahl Investment Co. v. Hughes neutral
utahctapp · 2004
2 sentences

2009For example, Dahl Investment Co. v. Hughes, 2004 UT App 391 , 101 P.3d 830 , quotes CECO Corp. v. Concrete Specialists, Inc., 772 P.2d 967 (Utah 1989), in describing the elements of equitable estoppel.

2009For example, Dahl Investment Co. v. Hughes, 2004 UT App 391 , 101 P.3d 830 , quotes CECO Corp. v. Concrete Specialists, Inc., 772 P.2d 967 (Utah 1989), in describing the elements of equitable estoppel.

12009–2009
CECO Corp. v. Concrete Specialists, Inc. green
utah · 1989
2 sentences

2009For example, Dahl Investment Co. v. Hughes, 2004 UT App 391 , 101 P.3d 830 , quotes CECO Corp. v. Concrete Specialists, Inc., 772 P.2d 967 (Utah 1989), in describing the elements of equitable estoppel.

2009For example, Dahl Investment Co. v. Hughes, 2004 UT App 391 , 101 P.3d 830 , quotes CECO Corp. v. Concrete Specialists, Inc., 772 P.2d 967 (Utah 1989), in describing the elements of equitable estoppel.

12009–2009
State v. Mincy green
utahctapp · 1992
2 sentences

1995Under the "totality of the circumstances in the present case," id. at 781 ; Mincy, 838 P.2d at 658 , and under the broad discretion and less than de novo Pena standard of review, we affirm the trial court's conclusion that the eyewitness identification was reliable.

1995Under the “totality of the circumstances in the present case,” id. at 781 ; Mincy, 838 P.2d at 658 , and under the broad discretion and less than de novo Pena standard of review, we affirm the trial court’s conclusion that the eyewitness identification was reliable.

11995–1995
State v. Long green
utah · 1986
2 sentences

1995Under the "totality of the circumstances in the present case," id. at 781 ; Mincy, 838 P.2d at 658 , and under the broad discretion and less than de novo Pena standard of review, we affirm the trial court's conclusion that the eyewitness identification was reliable.

1995Under the “totality of the circumstances in the present case,” id. at 781 ; Mincy, 838 P.2d at 658 , and under the broad discretion and less than de novo Pena standard of review, we affirm the trial court’s conclusion that the eyewitness identification was reliable.

11995–1995
State v. Ramirez green
utah · 1991
2 sentences

1995Id. at 784 . [6] See supra pp. 1235-36 for a more detailed discussion of the Pena standard of review. [7] Moreover, subsequent to its opinion in Pena , Utah Supreme Court decisions on ineffective assistance of counsel have applied the legal principles as set forth in Strickland , but have shown no deference to whatever action the trial court took in its application of the law.

1995Id. at 784 . [6] See supra pp. 1235-36 for a more detailed discussion of the Pena standard of review. [7] Moreover, subsequent to its opinion in Pena , Utah Supreme Court decisions on ineffective assistance of counsel have applied the legal principles as set forth in Strickland , but have shown no deference to whatever action the trial court took in its application of the law.

11995–1995

Where else courts name it

TX 21 (1997–2022) CA 7 (1979–2026) UT 7 (1995–2022) DE 5 (2008–2021) NY 4 (2004–2017) FL 4 (2003–2010) GA 2 (2019–2019) WY 2 (2004–2004) NC 2 (2022–2022)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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