Already have an account? Sign in instead.
You stay signed in for 30 days on this browser.
Continue with Google Continue with MicrosoftNo account yet? Create a free one.
We sent a six-digit code.
It expires in ten minutes, works once, and only in this browser. Five wrong tries void it. Send another code.
Your account is live and the Cloudflare checks are off for this browser.
The doctrines Utah courts name when they cite: mined from the sentence each citation lives in, keyed on the citing court, counted by distinct opinions. Entry by issue, not by case: pick one to see the cases on each side.
| # | Issue | Most-cited case | Opinions | Courts | Years | Last 5y |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | abuse of discretion standard | State v. Larsen | 531 | 2 | 1927–2026 | 113 |
| 2 | plain error | State v. Dunn | 482 | 2 | 1936–2026 | 87 |
| 3 | ineffective assistance of counsel claim | Strickland v. Washington | 453 | 2 | 1989–2026 | 145 |
| 4 | correction error | Morton International, Inc. v. Auditing Division of the Utah State Tax Commission | 368 | 2 | 1896–2025 | 19 |
| 5 | affirmative defense | State v. Low | 282 | 2 | 1887–2026 | 56 |
| 6 | due process clause | Lehr v. Robertson | 281 | 2 | 1933–2026 | 23 |
| 7 | correctness standard | Kimball v. Campbell | 233 | 2 | 1937–2026 | 22 |
| 8 | ineffective assistance claim | Strickland v. Washington | 220 | 2 | 1989–2026 | 102 |
| 9 | cumulative error | State v. Dunn | 197 | 2 | 1986–2026 | 62 |
| 10 | Strickland test | Strickland v. Washington | 182 | 2 | 1987–2026 | 54 |
| 11 | fundamental principle | State v. Anderson | 148 | 2 | 1905–2026 | 7 |
| 12 | invited error | State v. Winfield | 142 | 2 | 1991–2026 | 15 |
| 13 | plain language rule | Marion Energy, Inc. v. KFJ Ranch Partnership | 139 | 2 | 1993–2026 | 36 |
| 14 | hearsay rule | State v. Olsen | 134 | 2 | 1924–2026 | 21 |
| 15 | Utah rule | Spencer v. Utah State Bar | 130 | 2 | 1956–2026 | 27 |
| 16 | Miranda warning | Miranda v. Arizona | 129 | 2 | 1970–2026 | 17 |
| 17 | warrant requirement | Katz v. United States | 123 | 2 | 1980–2026 | 9 |
| 18 | Fourth Amendment violation | State v. Fuller | 109 | 2 | 1983–2026 | 19 |
| 19 | law of the case doctrine | IHC Health Services, Inc. v. D & K MANAGEMENT, INC. | 106 | 2 | 1895–2025 | 11 |
| 20 | exclusionary rule | United States v. Leon | 105 | 2 | 1981–2026 | 7 |
| 21 | harmless error | Crookston v. Fire Insurance Exchange | 93 | 2 | 1923–2025 | 11 |
| 22 | interpretation rule | Ostler v. Buhler | 88 | 2 | 1988–2026 | 17 |
| 23 | res judicata doctrine | Mel Trimble Real Estate v. Monte Vista Ranch, Inc. | 80 | 2 | 1919–2024 | 6 |
| 24 | lesser included offense instruction | State v. Baker | 78 | 2 | 1982–2026 | 17 |
| 25 | law governing error | State v. Dean | 76 | 2 | 2004–2026 | 24 |
| 26 | time the alleged error | State v. Dean | 74 | 2 | 2004–2026 | 23 |
| 27 | reasonable doubt standard | State v. Baker | 72 | 2 | 1970–2026 | 12 |
| 28 | merger doctrine | State v. Lopez | 70 | 2 | 1945–2026 | 11 |
| 29 | per se rule | State v. Brown | 69 | 2 | 1981–2026 | 8 |
| 30 | text rule | State v. Lucero | 69 | 2 | 1981–2026 | 24 |
| 31 | exception to the preservation rule | State v. Johnson | 68 | 2 | 2006–2026 | 13 |
| 32 | stare decisis doctrine | State v. Thurman | 66 | 2 | 1895–2025 | 4 |
| 33 | version rule | State v. Houston | 65 | 2 | 1982–2026 | 20 |
| 34 | equal protection clause | Malan v. Lewis | 64 | 2 | 1921–2026 | 3 |
| 35 | first part test | State v. Scott | 64 | 2 | 1911–2026 | 22 |
| 36 | parol evidence rule | Tangren Family Trust v. Tangren Ex Rel. Tangren | 63 | 2 | 1921–2026 | 6 |
| 37 | mootness doctrine | Utah Transit Authority v. Local 382 of the Amalgamated Transit Union | 63 | 2 | 1981–2026 | 16 |
| 38 | Fifth Amendment privilege | State v. White | 62 | 2 | 1967–2025 | 8 |
| 39 | state constitutional analysis | State v. Lafferty | 61 | 2 | 1988–2025 | 4 |
| 40 | facts consistent standard | Kidd v. Kidd | 60 | 2 | 1993–2026 | 20 |
| 41 | Mother motion | In Re Adoption of T.H. | 59 | 2 | 2001–2026 | 14 |
| 42 | marshaling requirement | Jau-Fei Chen v. Stewart | 58 | 2 | 1990–2025 | 4 |
| 43 | statute of limitations defense | Ottens v. McNeil | 58 | 2 | 1906–2026 | 9 |
| 44 | probable cause standard | State v. Clark | 57 | 2 | 1980–2026 | 5 |
| 45 | sufficiency of the evidence claim | State v. Ashcraft | 55 | 2 | 1993–2026 | 20 |
| 46 | obvious error | State v. Dunn | 53 | 2 | 1993–2026 | 19 |
| 47 | exceptional circumstances exception | State v. Irwin | 52 | 2 | 1993–2026 | 18 |
| 48 | claim of plain error | State v. Dunn | 51 | 2 | 1990–2026 | 11 |
| 49 | clear and convincing standard | Essential Botanical Farms, LC v. Kay | 50 | 2 | 1951–2026 | 14 |
| 50 | Shickles factors | State v. Shickles | 50 | 2 | 2000–2026 | 6 |
| 51 | compliance standard | State v. Hoff | 50 | 2 | 1988–2026 | 4 |
| 52 | remand rule | State v. Lee | 49 | 2 | 2001–2026 | 25 |
| 53 | double jeopardy clause | State v. Sosa | 48 | 2 | 1979–2026 | 3 |
| 54 | preponderance of the evidence standard | United States v. Arvizu | 48 | 2 | 1981–2025 | 3 |
| 55 | totality of the circumstances test | Illinois v. Gates | 48 | 2 | 1980–2026 | 7 |
| 56 | Father motion | State v. Thomas | 47 | 2 | 1987–2026 | 12 |
| 57 | reasonable likelihood error | Steffensen v. Smith's Management Corp. | 47 | 2 | 1989–2026 | 12 |
| 58 | permanency hearing | A.E. v. Christean | 45 | 2 | 1999–2025 | 6 |
| 59 | intermediate standard | Utah Dept. of Admin. Serv. v. Pub. Serv. Com'n | 45 | 2 | 1930–2025 | 4 |
| 60 | shelter hearing | State in Interest of MV | 45 | 2 | 1997–2026 | 11 |
| 61 | federal constitutional claim | State v. Worwood | 44 | 2 | 1988–2025 | 4 |
| 62 | Terry stop | Terry v. Ohio | 44 | 2 | 1981–2025 | 3 |
| 63 | standing test | Jenkins v. Swan | 44 | 2 | 1987–2026 | 7 |
| 64 | unanimity instruction | State v. Alires | 44 | 2 | 1987–2026 | 34 |
| 65 | adjudication hearing | Gilbert v. Ince | 40 | 2 | 1983–2025 | 4 |
| 66 | parental presumption | Hutchison v. Hutchison | 40 | 2 | 1982–2024 | 4 |
| 67 | confrontation clause | Crawford v. Washington | 39 | 2 | 1980–2025 | 3 |
| 68 | harmful error | State v. Waterfield | 39 | 2 | 1989–2026 | 7 |
| 69 | mens rea requirement | State v. Barela | 39 | 2 | 1978–2026 | 8 |
| 70 | Allen instruction | Allen v. Industrial Commission | 39 | 2 | 1990–2026 | 7 |
| 71 | inherent improbability doctrine | State v. Robbins | 39 | 2 | 2009–2026 | 18 |
| 72 | Brady violation | United States v. Bagley | 38 | 2 | 1985–2026 | 8 |
| 73 | district court committed plain error | State v. Low | 38 | 2 | 2001–2026 | 9 |
| 74 | low bar | State v. Thornton | 38 | 2 | 2008–2026 | 9 |
| 75 | second part test | State v. Ray | 37 | 2 | 1989–2026 | 13 |
| 76 | Husband claim | Porenta v. Porenta | 37 | 2 | 1987–2021 | 1 |
| 77 | public interest exception | Ellis v. Swensen | 37 | 2 | 1981–2024 | 5 |
| 78 | application of the general rule | Warren v. Provo City Corp. | 36 | 2 | 1924–2024 | 2 |
| 79 | Sixth Amendment violation | Delaware v. Van Arsdall | 36 | 2 | 1983–2026 | 9 |
| 80 | sovereign immunity | Madsen v. Borthick | 36 | 2 | 1950–2019 | 0 |
| 81 | first prong test | Strickland v. Washington | 36 | 2 | 1983–2026 | 7 |
| 82 | open courts clause | Berry by and Through Berry v. Beech Aircraft | 36 | 2 | 1989–2026 | 8 |
| 83 | prejudicial error | Watson v. Watson | 36 | 2 | 1938–2026 | 4 |
| 84 | marital standard | Rule v. Rule | 35 | 2 | 1995–2026 | 16 |
| 85 | insufficiency of the evidence claim | State v. Nielsen | 35 | 2 | 1998–2026 | 9 |
| 86 | judicially created doctrine | SME Industries, Inc. v. Thompson, Ventulett, Stainback & Associates, Inc. | 35 | 2 | 1981–2026 | 9 |
| 87 | proposed jury instruction | State v. Hamilton | 34 | 2 | 1982–2026 | 3 |
| 88 | purposes analysis | Strickland v. Washington | 33 | 2 | 1984–2026 | 10 |
| 89 | good faith exception | United States v. Leon | 33 | 2 | 1985–2026 | 2 |
| 90 | opportunity to correct error | 438 Main Street v. Easy Heat, Inc. | 33 | 2 | 2004–2019 | 0 |
| 91 | ease bar | Willow Creek Irrigation Co. v. Michaelson | 33 | 2 | 1901–2016 | 0 |
| 92 | boundary by acquiescence doctrine | Brown v. Peterson Development Co. | 32 | 2 | 1951–2026 | 4 |
| 93 | laches doctrine | Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints v. Lindberg | 32 | 2 | 1890–2024 | 4 |
| 94 | self-defense instruction | State v. Garcia | 32 | 2 | 1983–2026 | 9 |
| 95 | unjust enrichment claim | American Towers Owners Ass'n v. CCI Mechanical, Inc. | 32 | 2 | 1999–2026 | 8 |
| 96 | respondeat superior doctrine | Clover v. Snowbird Ski Resort | 32 | 2 | 1926–2026 | 9 |
| 97 | section 78 exercise jurisdiction | State v. Marquina | 32 | 2 | 1992–2026 | 14 |
| 98 | knowing and intelligent waiver | Argersinger v. Hamlin | 31 | 2 | 1980–2025 | 7 |
| 99 | equitable discovery rule | Russell Packard Development, Inc. v. Carson | 31 | 2 | 2005–2026 | 3 |
| 100 | performance inquiry | State v. Ray | 31 | 2 | 1982–2026 | 23 |
| 101 | list factors | State v. Layman | 30 | 2 | 1987–2025 | 7 |
| 102 | causation standard | Allen v. Industrial Commission | 30 | 2 | 1986–2026 | 7 |
| 103 | existence of plain error | State v. Dunn | 30 | 2 | 1993–2020 | 0 |
| 104 | interests analysis | State Ex Rel. J.D. | 30 | 2 | 1919–2026 | 2 |
| 105 | res ipsa loquitur doctrine | King v. Searle Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 30 | 2 | 1930–2024 | 3 |
| 106 | parole hearing | Peterson v. Utah Board of Pardons | 30 | 2 | 1983–2026 | 6 |
| 107 | ruling rule | White v. State | 29 | 2 | 1989–2026 | 5 |
| 108 | bindover standard | State v. Virgin | 29 | 2 | 2000–2026 | 7 |
| 109 | chances doctrine | State v. Verde | 29 | 2 | 2012–2026 | 3 |
| 110 | fact-intensive inquiry | Carbon County v. Workforce Appeals Board | 29 | 2 | 1991–2025 | 4 |
| 111 | mandate rule | IHC Health Services, Inc. v. D & K MANAGEMENT, INC. | 29 | 2 | 1995–2025 | 6 |
| 112 | reasonable suspicion standard | Terry v. Ohio | 29 | 2 | 1983–2020 | 0 |
| 113 | qualified privilege | Brehany v. Nordstrom, Inc. | 29 | 2 | 1976–2025 | 2 |
| 114 | economic loss rule | SME Industries, Inc. v. Thompson, Ventulett, Stainback & Associates, Inc. | 29 | 2 | 1996–2026 | 12 |
| 115 | application of a legal standard | State v. Pena | 28 | 2 | 1994–2026 | 10 |
| 116 | discretionary function exception | Keegan v. State | 28 | 2 | 1980–2026 | 1 |
| 117 | legal causation requirement | Allen v. Industrial Commission | 28 | 2 | 1986–2026 | 4 |
| 118 | manifest injustice exception | State v. Hamilton | 28 | 2 | 1991–2023 | 1 |
| 119 | rational basis test | Judd v. Drezga | 28 | 2 | 1978–2026 | 5 |
| 120 | separation of powers doctrine | In re Handley's Estate | 28 | 2 | 1978–2026 | 2 |
| 121 | absurdity doctrine | Bagley v. Bagley | 28 | 2 | 2011–2026 | 14 |
| 122 | breach standard | Nixdorf v. Hicken | 27 | 2 | 1957–2026 | 7 |
| 123 | Jones factors | Jones v. Jones | 27 | 2 | 1987–2026 | 9 |
| 124 | Wife claim | Brigham Ex Rel. Brigham v. Moon Lake Electric Ass'n | 27 | 2 | 1907–2017 | 0 |
| 125 | blanket immunity | Ledfors v. Emery County School District | 26 | 2 | 1980–2025 | 5 |
| 126 | historical analysis | Den Ex Dem. Murray v. Hoboken Land & Improvement Co. | 26 | 2 | 1991–2025 | 6 |
| 127 | motion to dismiss rule | Cruz v. Middlekauff Lincoln-Mercury, Inc. | 26 | 2 | 1993–2026 | 6 |
| 128 | automobile exception | Carroll v. United States | 26 | 2 | 1980–2022 | 3 |
| 129 | direct claim | Interstate Land Corp. v. Patterson | 26 | 2 | 1942–2024 | 6 |
| 130 | public policy exception | Peterson v. Browning | 26 | 2 | 1989–2019 | 0 |
| 131 | second prong test | Strickland v. Washington | 26 | 2 | 1982–2025 | 3 |
| 132 | American rule | Hughes v. Cafferty | 26 | 2 | 1881–2026 | 5 |
| 133 | best-interest inquiry | In re J.M... | 26 | 1 | 2015–2026 | 17 |
| 134 | legal malpractice claim | Snow, Nuffer, Engstrom & Drake v. Tanasse | 25 | 2 | 1996–2026 | 5 |
| 135 | prima facie claim | State v. Tillman | 25 | 2 | 1897–2026 | 5 |
| 136 | categorical rule | State v. Gardner | 25 | 2 | 1999–2026 | 11 |
| 137 | contention error | State v. Schreuder | 25 | 2 | 1915–2018 | 0 |
| 138 | de novo standard | Cooper Industries, Inc. v. Leatherman Tool Group, Inc. | 25 | 2 | 1981–2022 | 3 |
| 139 | gross deviation standard | State v. Standiford | 25 | 2 | 1983–2026 | 6 |
| 140 | meaningful analysis | State v. Valencia | 25 | 2 | 2000–2025 | 4 |
| 141 | Shondel doctrine | State v. Shondel | 25 | 2 | 1997–2022 | 1 |
| 142 | uniform operation of laws clause | Blue Cross and Blue Shield v. State | 25 | 2 | 1993–2024 | 3 |
| 143 | accurate instruction | State v. Bird | 25 | 2 | 1969–2026 | 3 |
| 144 | exhaustion requirement | Patterson v. American Fork City | 25 | 2 | 1992–2026 | 4 |
| 145 | necessary requirement | State v. Berriel | 25 | 2 | 1938–2026 | 8 |
| 146 | reach of a given rule | State v. Pena | 25 | 2 | 1996–2026 | 2 |
| 147 | elementary principle | Gregory v. Shurtleff | 25 | 2 | 1899–2013 | 0 |
| 148 | Robbins claim | State v. Skinner | 25 | 2 | 2012–2026 | 15 |
| 149 | first step analysis | State v. MacE | 24 | 2 | 1904–2026 | 9 |
| 150 | harmfulness test | State v. Dunn | 24 | 2 | 1989–2021 | 1 |
Top 150 by distinct citing opinions.