necessary predicate violation (Washington) · Go Syfert
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necessary predicate violation in Washington

7 Washington opinions name it 2 courts 2008–2011 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Washington courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (0)

CaseFollowedCited
No positive-treatment citations attached to this issue in Washington.

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Washington. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (1)

CaseCitedYears
Batson v. Kentucky green
scotus · 1986
2 sentences

2009The Batson Court noted that "`a consistent pattern of official racial discrimination' is not `a necessary predicate to a violation of the Equal Protection Clause,'" and that "`[a] single invidiously discriminatory governmental act' is not `immunized by the absence of such discrimination in the making of other comparable decisions.'" 476 U.S. at 95 , 106 S.Ct. 1712 (quoting Vill. of Arlington Heights v. Metro.

2009The Batson Court noted that “ ‘a consistent pattern of official racial discrimination’ is not ‘a necessary predicate to a violation of the Equal Protection Clause,’ ” and that “ ‘[a] single invidiously discriminatory governmental act’ is not ‘immunized by the absence of such discrimination in the making of other comparable decisions.’ ” 476 U.S. at 95 (quoting Vill. of Arlington Heights v. Metro.

72008–2011

Where else courts name it

CT 16 (1986–2026) TX 8 (1977–2021) WA 7 (2008–2011) CA 4 (2015–2025) MS 4 (2001–2010) MD 3 (1988–2011) MI 2 (2017–2020) OH 2 (1991–1994) UT 2 (2004–2011) OR 2 (1999–2003)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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