basis of sovereign immunity (Georgia) · Go Syfert
← Georgia issues

basis of sovereign immunity in Georgia

49 Georgia opinions name it 2 courts 1986–2025 3 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Georgia courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (40)

CaseFollowedCited
Board of Regents v. Canasgreen
gactapp · 2009 · cited in 24 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2010–2016
2 sentences

2016Under the collateral order doctrine,1 however, a direct appeal may be had from “an order that denies a motion to dismiss, based on a conclusive determination that the State (or a state officer or employee) is not immune from suit on the basis of sovereign immunity.” Bd. of Regents v. Canas, 295 Ga. App. 505, 507 (1) ( 672 SE2d 471 ) (2009).

2016Under the collateral order doctrine,1 however, a direct appeal may be had from “an order that denies a motion to dismiss, based on a conclusive determination that the State (or a state officer or employee) is not immune from suit on the basis of sovereign immunity.” Bd. of Regents v. Canas, 295 Ga. App. 505, 507 (1) ( 672 SE2d 471 ) (2009).

2024
Britt v. Stategreen
ga · 2007 · cited in 3 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2009–2016
2 sentences

2016This proposition is based on the principle that “sovereign immunity is 1 Under this doctrine, an interlocutory order may be appealed directly if it: “(1) resolves an issue that is substantially separate from the basic issues to be decided at trial, (2) would result in the loss of an important right if review had to await final judgment, and (3) completely and conclusively decides the issue on appeal.” Britt v. State, 282 Ga. 746, 748 (1) ( 653 SE2d 713 ) (2007) (punctuation omitted). an immunity from suit, rather than a mere defense to liability, and is effectively lost if a case is erroneousl

2016This proposition is based on the principle that “sovereign immunity is 1 Under this doctrine, an interlocutory order may be appealed directly if it: “(1) resolves an issue that is substantially separate from the basic issues to be decided at trial, (2) would result in the loss of an important right if review had to await final judgment, and (3) completely and conclusively decides the issue on appeal.” Britt v. State, 282 Ga. 746, 748 (1) ( 653 SE2d 713 ) (2007) (punctuation omitted). an immunity from suit, rather than a mere defense to liability, and is effectively lost if a case is erroneousl

33
Rivera v. Washingtongreen
ga · 2016 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016Because sovereign immunity is not an affirmative defense, but rather a privilege that is subject to waiver by the State, the party seeking to benefit from that waiver has the burden of establishing the waiver of sovereign immunity. 5 Ga. Dept. of Corrections v. James, 312 Ga. App. 190, 193 ( 718 SE2d 55 ) (2011), overruled on other grounds, Rivera v. Washington, 298 Ga. 770, 778, n. 7 ( 784 SE2d 775 ) (2016).

2016Because sovereign immunity is not an affirmative defense, but rather a privilege that is subject to waiver by the State, the party seeking to benefit from that waiver has the burden of establishing the waiver of sovereign immunity. 5 Ga. Dept. of Corrections v. James, 312 Ga. App. 190, 193 ( 718 SE2d 55 ) (2011), overruled on other grounds, Rivera v. Washington, 298 Ga. 770, 778, n. 7 ( 784 SE2d 775 ) (2016).

22
Georgia Department of Corrections v. Jamesgreen
gactapp · 2011 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016Because sovereign immunity is not an affirmative defense, but rather a privilege that is subject to waiver by the State, the party seeking to benefit from that waiver has the burden of establishing the waiver of sovereign immunity. 5 Ga. Dept. of Corrections v. James, 312 Ga. App. 190, 193 ( 718 SE2d 55 ) (2011), overruled on other grounds, Rivera v. Washington, 298 Ga. 770, 778, n. 7 ( 784 SE2d 775 ) (2016).

2016Because sovereign immunity is not an affirmative defense, but rather a privilege that is subject to waiver by the State, the party seeking to benefit from that waiver has the burden of establishing the waiver of sovereign immunity. 5 Ga. Dept. of Corrections v. James, 312 Ga. App. 190, 193 ( 718 SE2d 55 ) (2011), overruled on other grounds, Rivera v. Washington, 298 Ga. 770, 778, n. 7 ( 784 SE2d 775 ) (2016).

22
Effingham County v. Roachgreen
gactapp · 2014 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
2 sentences

2015In Canas, we held that the collateral order doctrine1 permits a direct appeal from an order “that denies a motion to dismiss, based on a conclusive determination that the State (or a state officer or employee) is not immune from suit on the basis of sovereign immunity.” Id. at 507 (1); see also Effingham County v. Roach, __ Ga. App. __ n. 1 ( 764 SE2d 600 ) (Case No. A14A1236, decided October 30, 2014) ( “The collateral order doctrine allows direct appeals of interlocutory rulings that deny motions to dismiss based on conclusive determinations that the State or a state officer or employee is n

2015In Canas, we held that the collateral order doctrine permits a direct appeal from an order “that denies a motion to dismiss, based on a conclusive determination that the State (or a state officer or employee) is not immune from suit on the basis of sovereign immunity.”1 Id. at 507 (1); see also Effingham County v. Roach, 329 Ga. App. 805, n. 1 ( 764 SE2d 600 ) (2014).

22
Albertson v. City of Jesupgreen
gactapp · 2011 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
2 sentences

2014Whether the DOT is entitled to sovereign immunity from the suit on the basis of the design standards exception in OCGA § 50-21-24 (10), as asserted in the DOT’s motion to dismiss, “is a threshold issue that the trial court was required to address before reaching the merits of any other argument.” Albertson v. City of Jesup, 312 Ga. App. 246, 248 (1) ( 718 SE2d 4 ) (2011); Sadler v. Dept. of Transp., 311 Ga. App. 601, 603 ( 716 SE2d 639 ) (2011); State Dept. of Corrections v. Developers Surety & Indent.

2014Whether the DOT is entitled to sovereign immunity from the suit on the basis of the design standards exception in OCGA § 50-21-24 (10), as asserted in the DOT’s motion to dismiss, “is a threshold issue that the trial court was required to address before reaching the merits of any other argument.” Albertson v. City of Jesup, 312 Ga. App. 246, 248 (1) ( 718 SE2d 4 ) (2011); Sadler v. Dept. of Transp., 311 Ga. App. 601, 603 ( 716 SE2d 639 ) (2011); State Dept. of Corrections v. Developers Surety & Indent.

22
Sadler v. Department of Transportation of Stategreen
gactapp · 2011 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
2 sentences

2014Whether the DOT is entitled to sovereign immunity from the suit on the basis of the design standards exception in OCGA § 50-21-24 (10), as asserted in the DOT’s motion to dismiss, “is a threshold issue that the trial court was required to address before reaching the merits of any other argument.” Albertson v. City of Jesup, 312 Ga. App. 246, 248 (1) ( 718 SE2d 4 ) (2011); Sadler v. Dept. of Transp., 311 Ga. App. 601, 603 ( 716 SE2d 639 ) (2011); State Dept. of Corrections v. Developers Surety & Indent.

2014Whether the DOT is entitled to sovereign immunity from the suit on the basis of the design standards exception in OCGA § 50-21-24 (10), as asserted in the DOT’s motion to dismiss, “is a threshold issue that the trial court was required to address before reaching the merits of any other argument.” Albertson v. City of Jesup, 312 Ga. App. 246, 248 (1) ( 718 SE2d 4 ) (2011); Sadler v. Dept. of Transp., 311 Ga. App. 601, 603 ( 716 SE2d 639 ) (2011); State Dept. of Corrections v. Developers Surety & Indent.

22
Upper Oconee Basin Water Authority v. Jackson Countygreen
gactapp · 2010 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
2 sentences

2013See Upper Oconee Basin Water Auth. v. Jackson County, 305 Ga. App. 409, 412 (1) ( 699 SE2d 605 ) (2010) (motion to dismiss asserting sovereign immunity is based upon the trial court’s lack of subject matter jurisdiction rather than merits of the complaint).

2013See Upper Oconee Basin Water Auth. v. Jackson County, 305 Ga. App. 409, 412 (1) ( 699 SE2d 605 ) (2010) (motion to dismiss asserting sovereign immunity is based upon the trial court’s lack of subject matter jurisdiction rather than merits of the complaint).

22
Georgia Department of Public Safety v. Justicegreen
ga · 2024 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
2 sentences

2025Thus, we reverse the trial court’s judgment dismissing the Justice’s claim for breach of contract on the basis of sovereign immunity, and we 1 320 Ga. 149 ( 907 SE2d 817 ) (2024). 2 368 Ga. App. 593 ( 890 SE2d 486 ) (2023). remand the case to the trial court for further proceedings.3 Judgment reversed and case remanded.

2025Thus, we reverse the trial court’s judgment dismissing the Justice’s claim for breach of contract on the basis of sovereign immunity, and we 1 320 Ga. 149 ( 907 SE2d 817 ) (2024). 2 368 Ga. App. 593 ( 890 SE2d 486 ) (2023). remand the case to the trial court for further proceedings.3 Judgment reversed and case remanded.

11
Bartow County v. Southern Developmentgreen
gactapp · 2014 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
2 sentences

2023So in response to Robinson’s motion for summary judgment on the basis of sovereign immunity, Griffith “had the burden of establishing a waiver of sovereign immunity.” Bartow County v. Southern Dev., III, 325 Ga. App. 879, 882 (1) ( 756 SE2d 11 ) (2014) (citation omitted).

2023So in response to Robinson’s motion for summary judgment on the basis of sovereign immunity, Griffith “had the burden of establishing a waiver of sovereign immunity.” Bartow County v. Southern Dev., III, 325 Ga. App. 879, 882 (1) ( 756 SE2d 11 ) (2014) (citation omitted).

11
Cowart v. Georgia Department of Human Servicesgreen
gactapp · 2017 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
2 sentences

2023We conduct de novo a review of trial court’s ruling on sovereign immunity grounds, “bearing in mind that the party seeking to benefit from the waiver of sovereign immunity has the burden of proof to establish waiver.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Cowart v. Ga. Dept. of Human Services, 340 Ga. App. 183, 183 ( 796 SE2d 903 ) (2017).

2023We conduct de novo a review of trial court’s ruling on sovereign immunity grounds, “bearing in mind that the party seeking to benefit from the waiver of sovereign immunity has the burden of proof to establish waiver.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Cowart v. Ga. Dept. of Human Services, 340 Ga. App. 183, 183 ( 796 SE2d 903 ) (2017).

11
State of Georgia v. Sun States Insurance Group, Inc.; Regulatory Technologies, Inc. v. State of Georgiagreen
gactapp · 2015 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017See State of Ga. , 332 Ga. App. at 197 , 770 S.E.2d 43 .

2017See State of Ga. , 332 Ga. App. at 197 , 770 S.E.2d 43 .

11
Department of Transportation v. Kovalcikgreen
gactapp · 2014 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016In Ga. Dept. of Transp. v Kovalcik, 328 Ga. App. 185 ( 761 SE2d 584 ) (2014) (“Kovalcik I”), we affirmed in part and reversed in part the trial court’s denial of the Georgia Department of Transportation (“DOT”)’s motion to dismiss on the basis of sovereign immunity.

2016In Ga. Dept. of Transp. v Kovalcik, 328 Ga. App. 185 ( 761 SE2d 584 ) (2014) (“Kovalcik I”), we affirmed in part and reversed in part the trial court’s denial of the Georgia Department of Transportation (“DOT”)’s motion to dismiss on the basis of sovereign immunity.

11
Rtt Associates, Inc. v. Georgia Department of Laborgreen
gactapp · 2015 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016In an earlier appeal, we reversed the trial court’s grant of summary judgment in the Department’s favor on the basis of sovereign immunity RTT Associates, Inc. v. Georgia Dept. of Labor, 333 Ga. App. 173, 173-179 (1) ( 775 SE2d 644 ) (2015).

2016In an earlier appeal, we reversed the trial court’s grant of summary judgment in the Department’s favor on the basis of sovereign immunity RTT Associates, Inc. v. Georgia Dept. of Labor, 333 Ga. App. 173, 173-179 (1) ( 775 SE2d 644 ) (2015).

11
LIBERTY COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICT Et Al. v. HALLIBURTONgreen
gactapp · 2014 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
2 sentences

2015School Dist. v. Halliburton, 328 Ga. App. 422, 425-426 (2) ( 762 SE2d 138 ) (2014) (authorizing direct appeal of denial of motion to dismiss when trial court’s rejection of county employees’ defenses of sovereign and qualified immunity was “conclusive”).

2015School Dist. v. Halliburton, 328 Ga. App. 422, 425-426 (2) ( 762 SE2d 138 ) (2014) (authorizing direct appeal of denial of motion to dismiss when trial court’s rejection of county employees’ defenses of sovereign and qualified immunity was “conclusive”).

11
Hood v. Toddgreen
ga · 2010 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
2 sentences

2011System of Ga. v. Canas, 295 Ga. App. 505, 507 (1) ( 672 SE2d 471 ) (2009) (collateral order doctrine permits a direct appeal from an interlocutory ruling that determines that governmental actor is not immune from suit on the basis of sovereign immunity). [O]n appeal from the denial of summary judgment the appellate court is to conduct a de novo review of the evidence to determine whether there exists a genuine issue of material fact, and whether the undisputed facts, viewed in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, warrant judgment as a matter of law. *97 (Citations and punctuation o

2011System of Ga. v. Canas, 295 Ga. App. 505, 507 (1) ( 672 SE2d 471 ) (2009) (collateral order doctrine permits a direct appeal from an interlocutory ruling that determines that governmental actor is not immune from suit on the basis of sovereign immunity). [O]n appeal from the denial of summary judgment the appellate court is to conduct a de novo review of the evidence to determine whether there exists a genuine issue of material fact, and whether the undisputed facts, viewed in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, warrant judgment as a matter of law. *97 (Citations and punctuation o

11
Hicks v. McGeegreen
gactapp · 2007 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
2 sentences

2011See Hicks v. McGee, 283 Ga. App. 678 (3) ( 642 SE2d 379 ) (2007). 2 The record reflects that McGee was on first offender probation when his probation was revoked.

2011See Hicks v. McGee, 283 Ga. App. 678 (3) ( 642 SE2d 379 ) (2007). 2 The record reflects that McGee was on first offender probation when his probation was revoked.

11
In Re Paulgreen
ga · 1999 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
2 sentences

2009Britt v. State, 282 Ga. 746, 749 (1) ( 653 SE2d 713 ) (2007); In re Paul, 270 Ga. 680, 683 ( 513 SE2d 219 ) (1999); Scroggins u.

2009Britt v. State, 282 Ga. 746, 749 (1) ( 653 SE2d 713 ) (2007); In re Paul, 270 Ga. 680, 683 ( 513 SE2d 219 ) (1999); Scroggins u.

11
Harper v. Pattersongreen
gactapp · 2004 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

11
Chamlee v. Henry County Board of Educationgreen
gactapp · 1999 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Freyer v. Silvergreen
gactapp · 1999 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Foster v. Cobb County Board of Educationgreen
gactapp · 1975 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
1 sentence

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

11
Gilbert v. Richardsongreen
ga · 1994 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
O'DONNELL v. Durhamgreen
ga · 2002 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Phillips v. Wallsgreen
gactapp · 2000 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

11
Aliffi v. Liberty County School Districtgreen
gactapp · 2003 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Payne v. Twiggs County School Districtgreen
gactapp · 1998 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

11
Ardizonne v. Department of Human Resourcesgreen
gactapp · 2002 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Cooper v. Paulding County School Districtgreen
gactapp · 2004 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Perkins v. Morgan County School Districtgreen
gactapp · 1996 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Teston v. Collinsgreen
gactapp · 1995 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

11
Mead v. Sheffieldgreen
ga · 2004 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

11
Anderson v. Flakegreen
ga · 1997 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Robinson v. Kroger Co.green
ga · 1997 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Guthrie v. Ironsgreen
gactapp · 1993 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

11
Wright v. Ashegreen
gactapp · 1996 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

11
Hemak v. Houston County School Districtgreen
gactapp · 1996 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Meagher v. Quickgreen
gactapp · 2003 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Murray v. Fitzgerald Convenient Centers, Inc.green
gactapp · 1999 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Pembaur v. City of Cincinnatigreen
scotus · 1986 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1992–1992
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Georgia. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (12)

CaseCitedYears
Financial Investment Group, Inc. v. Cornelison green
gactapp · 1999
2 sentences

2019See OCGA § 9-11-54 (b) (an order that resolves fewer than all claims, or determines the rights and liabilities of fewer than all parties, is not final absent certification from the trial court); Financial Investment Group, Inc. v. Cornelison , 238 Ga. App. 223 , 224, 516 S.E.2d 844 (1999) (same).

2019See OCGA § 9-11-54 (b) (an order that resolves fewer than all claims, or determines the rights and liabilities of fewer than all parties, is not final absent certification from the trial court); Financial Investment Group, Inc. v. Cornelison , 238 Ga. App. 223 , 224, 516 S.E.2d 844 (1999) (same).

12019–2019
Clark v. City of Atlanta green
gactapp · 2013
2 sentences

2019Accordingly, the trial court erred in denying the City’s motion for summary judgment on the basis of sovereign immunity. 11 Plaintiffs’ reliance on Clark v. City of Atlanta, 322 Ga. App. 151 ( 744 SE2d 122 ) (2013), is misplaced.

2019Accordingly, the trial court erred in denying the City’s motion for summary judgment on the basis of sovereign immunity. 11 Plaintiffs’ reliance on Clark v. City of Atlanta, 322 Ga. App. 151 ( 744 SE2d 122 ) (2013), is misplaced.

12019–2019
Undercofler v. Colonial Pipeline Co. green
gactapp · 1966
2 sentences

2011Citing Undercofler v. Colonial Pipeline Co., 114 Ga. App. 739 ( 152 SE2d 768 ) (1966), appellant contends its declaratory judgment action was properly before the trial court and should not have been dismissed on the basis of sovereign immunity.

2011Citing Undercofler v. Colonial Pipeline Co., 114 Ga. App. 739 ( 152 SE2d 768 ) (1966), appellant contends its declaratory judgment action was properly before the trial court and should not have been dismissed on the basis of sovereign immunity.

12011–2011
Brock v. Sumter County School Board green
gactapp · 2000
12005–2005
Kelly v. Lewis green
gactapp · 1996
12005–2005
Norris v. Emanuel County green
gactapp · 2002
12005–2005
Chamlee v. Henry County Bd. of Educ. green
gactapp · 1999
1 sentence

2005See Harper v. Patterson, 270 Ga. App. 437, 438 (1) (a) ( 606 SE2d 887 ) (2004). 2 OCGA§ 20-2-1185 (a), (o). 3 (Footnotes omitted.) Anderson v. Flake, 267 Ga. 498, 501 (2) ( 480 SE2d 10 ) (1997). 4 (Punctuation omitted.) Ardizonne v. Dept. of Human Resources, 258 Ga. App. 858 ( 575 SE2d 738 ) (2002). 5 (Citation, omitted.) Phillips v. Walls, 242 Ga. App. 309, 311 (1) ( 529 SE2d 626 ) (2000). 6 Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 642 (1) ( 594 SE2d 182 ) (2003). 7 (Citation omitted.) Aliffi v. Liberty County School Dist., 259 Ga. App. 713, 715 ( 578 SE2d 146 ) (2003). 8 (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA

12005–2005
Johnson v. Gonzalez green
gactapp · 1996
12000–2000
Long v. Hall County Board of Commissioners green
gactapp · 1996
11996–1996
Coffee County School District v. Snipes green
gactapp · 1995
11995–1995
Crews v. McQueen green
gactapp · 1989
11990–1990
City of Atlanta v. Leake green
ga · 1979
11986–1986

Statutes the citing opinions construe

GA § 5-6-34 (14) GA § 9-11-56 (7) GA § 50-21-20 (6) GA § 50-21-22 (5) GA § 50-21-24 (5) GA § 5-6-35 (4) GA § 9-11-12 (4) USC § 42u.s.c.1983 (4) GA § 20-2-991 (3) GA § 50-21-23 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

GA 49 (1986–2025) NC 30 (2000–2025) TX 25 (1992–2015) PA 17 (1975–2021) CT 12 (1991–2022) AL 11 (1997–2018) OH 10 (1985–2022) KY 6 (1987–2022) FL 6 (1994–2021) MS 5 (1984–1999) HI 5 (1992–2017) TN 5 (2016–2019) SD 4 (1983–2020) MO 3 (2009–2016) AR 3 (2013–2020) DE 3 (1974–2025) NJ 3 (1961–2001) LA 3 (2009–2010) CO 3 (1972–2006) VA 2 (1989–1996) WA 2 (2019–2023) IL 2 (2000–2020) NM 2 (2010–2018) AZ 2 (1975–1985) IA 2 (2023–2023) WY 2 (1979–1980) NY 2 (1996–2000) MI 2 (1971–2019)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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