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48 California opinions name it 3 courts 1936–2026 16 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
People v. Collinsgreen2 sentences2021(See Collins, supra, 49 Cal.4th at p. 250 [declining to consider “juror opinion, conclusions drawn by others about jurors’ states of mind or level of understanding, and the particular significance jurors attached to the evidence at trial” because “[t]hese were improper intrusions into the subjective reasoning process of the jurors in violation of Evidence Code section 1150”].) We do not consider any juror’s statements as to whether Juror No. 1’s experiment affected the jury’s deliberations or decision-making. 24 ( Collins, supra, 49 Cal.4th at pp. 237-238.) The juror said that he “ ‘worked out 2021(See Collins, supra, 49 Cal.4th at p. 250 [declining to consider “juror opinion, conclusions drawn by others about jurors’ states of mind or level of understanding, and the particular significance jurors attached to the evidence at trial” because “[t]hese were improper intrusions into the subjective reasoning process of the jurors in violation of Evidence Code section 1150”].) We do not consider any juror’s statements as to whether Juror No. 1’s experiment affected the jury’s deliberations or decision-making. 24 ( Collins, supra, 49 Cal.4th at pp. 237-238.) The juror said that he “ ‘worked out | 2 | 3 |
People v. Cortezgreen2 sentences2021(People v. Cortez (2016) 63 Cal.4th 101 , 133–134 [“In summary, given that the challenged comments were brief and constituted a tiny, isolated part of the prosecution’s argument, that the prosecution was responding to defense counsel comments, that the prosecution expressly referred the jurors to the instruction they had on reasonable doubt, that both the court and defense counsel properly defined ‘reasonable doubt’ numerous times, and that the jury had written instructions during deliberations that properly defined the standard, we find no reasonable likelihood the jury construed or applied t 2019They informed jurors that their 'belief' about what had happened had to be 'based in the evidence' rather than 'imaginary.' " ( Cortez , supra , 63 Cal.4th at p. 131, 201 Cal.Rptr.3d 846 , 369 P.3d 521 .) "Although this is a correct statement of the law," we continued, "it does not alone suffice as a definition of the beyond-a-reasonable-doubt standard." ( Ibid. ) Viewing the argument and instructions as a whole, however, we found no misconduct. ( Id. , at pp. 133-134, 201 Cal.Rptr.3d 846 , 369 P.3d 521 .) We explained, "given that the challenged comments were brief and constituted a tiny, iso | 1 | 3 |
Victor v. Nebraskagreen2 sentences2006(See Vann, supra, 12 Cal.3d at p. 227 , 115 Cal.Rptr. 352 , 524 P.2d 824 ["The foregoing references to reasonable doubt in isolated applications of that standard of proof fall far short of apprising the jurors that defendants were entitled to acquittal unless each element of the crimes charged was proved to the jurors' satisfaction beyond a reasonable doubt, buttressed by additional instructions on the meaning of that phrase " (italics added)]; see also Elguera, supra, 8 Cal.App.4th at p. 1223 , 10 Cal.Rptr.2d 910 ["[T]he jury was not provided, in the oral or written charge, any definition of 2006(See Vann, supra, 12 Cal.3d at p. 227 , 115 Cal.Rptr. 352 , 524 P.2d 824 ["The foregoing references to reasonable doubt in isolated applications of that standard of proof fall far short of apprising the jurors that defendants were entitled to acquittal unless each element of the crimes charged was proved to the jurors' satisfaction beyond a reasonable doubt, buttressed by additional instructions on the meaning of that phrase " (italics added)]; see also Elguera, supra, 8 Cal.App.4th at p. 1223 , 10 Cal.Rptr.2d 910 ["[T]he jury was not provided, in the oral or written charge, any definition of | 1 | 2 |
People v. Vanngreen2 sentences2006(See Vann, supra, 12 Cal.3d at p. 227 , 115 Cal.Rptr. 352 , 524 P.2d 824 ["The foregoing references to reasonable doubt in isolated applications of that standard of proof fall far short of apprising the jurors that defendants were entitled to acquittal unless each element of the crimes charged was proved to the jurors' satisfaction beyond a reasonable doubt, buttressed by additional instructions on the meaning of that phrase " (italics added)]; see also Elguera, supra, 8 Cal.App.4th at p. 1223 , 10 Cal.Rptr.2d 910 ["[T]he jury was not provided, in the oral or written charge, any definition of 2006(See Vann, supra, 12 Cal.3d at p. 227 , 115 Cal.Rptr. 352 , 524 P.2d 824 ["The foregoing references to reasonable doubt in isolated applications of that standard of proof fall far short of apprising the jurors that defendants were entitled to acquittal unless each element of the crimes charged was proved to the jurors' satisfaction beyond a reasonable doubt, buttressed by additional instructions on the meaning of that phrase " (italics added)]; see also Elguera, supra, 8 Cal.App.4th at p. 1223 , 10 Cal.Rptr.2d 910 ["[T]he jury was not provided, in the oral or written charge, any definition of | 1 | 2 |
People v. Doolingreen1 sentence2025Regarding the drawing of an adverse inference from the invocation of the Fifth Amendment privilege, the relevant section of the Benchbook cited by the trial court states: “On the request of a party who may be adversely affected by an unfavorable inference that may be drawn by the jurors from the exercise of the privilege, the judge must instruct the jurors that no presumption arises because of the exercise of the privilege, and that they may not draw any inference from the exercise of the privilege. [Citations.] The judge should give CACI 215 (Exercise of a Communication Privilege) and 216 (Ex | 1 | 1 |
People v. Rodriguezgreen1 sentence2024The court provided those transcripts but instructed the jury that “[t]he recording is the evidence” and the transcripts were to be used only to assist the jurors in hearing the words spoken on the video. 12 Defense counsel initially objected to the trial court providing the jury with a “dictionary definition” of “permanent.” However, when the trial court stated that it would respond to the jury with the definition described above, defense counsel replied, “That’s fine.” 12 ‘paralysis’ means a major or complete loss of motor function resulting from injury to the nervous system or to a muscular | 1 | 1 |
People v. Cudjogreen2 sentences2024At trial—but not on appeal—Brooks also objected to this instruction on the ground that it would call the jurors’ attention to a Fifth Amendment invocation “they did not see happen and that they’re completely unaware of.” Although we understand our concurring colleague’s concern about the possibility the trial court erred by alerting the jurors to a privilege invoked outside their presence (see Cudjo, supra, 6 Cal.4th at p. 619 [“[P]ermitting the jury to learn that a witness has invoked the privilege against self-incrimination serves no legitimate purpose and may cause the jury to draw an impro 2024At trial—but not on appeal—Brooks also objected to this instruction on the ground that it would call the jurors’ attention to a Fifth Amendment invocation “they did not see happen and that they’re completely unaware of.” Although we understand our concurring colleague’s concern about the possibility the trial court erred by alerting the jurors to a privilege invoked outside their presence (see Cudjo, supra, 6 Cal.4th at p. 619 [“[P]ermitting the jury to learn that a witness has invoked the privilege against self-incrimination serves no legitimate purpose and may cause the jury to draw an impro | 1 | 1 |
People v. Jandresgreen1 sentence2015We therefore cannot conclude that the evidence of the molestation of Liliana and 9 V. was unduly inflammatory and thus likely to distract or mislead the jurors in their inquiry regarding the rape allegations involving A. We further note that the evidence pertaining to the molestation of Liliana and V. cannot be categorized as stronger than the evidence pertaining to the rapes of A. (Jandres, supra, 226 Cal.App.4th at p. 356 [the “relative strength of the two cases also is relevant to assessing the potentially prejudicial impact” of evidence of uncharged sexual conduct].) There were many incons | 1 | 1 |
People v. Steelegreen1 sentence2010(People v. Steele, supra, 27 Cal.4th at p. 1261.) As to the testimony of the three jurors, no objections were interposed by either the prosecution or defense on the ground that testimony was inadmissible under Evidence Code section 1150. | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Andersonred | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Sandersgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Brown v. Kelly Broadcasting Co.green | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Elgueragreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Sengpadychithgreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Clevelandgreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Burroughsgreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Mickeygreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Davenportgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Enmund v. Floridagreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. McIntyregreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Reesegreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Morlockgreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Jensengreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. O'Donnell (1938)green | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Barclaygreen | 1 | 1 |
| Thomas v. Studio Amusements, Inc.green | 1 | 1 |
| Fay v. District Court of Appealgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
People v. Hillgreen1 sentence2024At trial—but not on appeal—Brooks also objected to this instruction on the ground that it would call the jurors’ attention to a Fifth Amendment invocation “they did not see happen and that they’re completely unaware of.” Although we understand our concurring colleague’s concern about the possibility the trial court erred by alerting the jurors to a privilege invoked outside their presence (see Cudjo, supra, 6 Cal.4th at p. 619 [“[P]ermitting the jury to learn that a witness has invoked the privilege against self-incrimination serves no legitimate purpose and may cause the jury to draw an impro | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Crawford v. Washington
green
2 sentences2022Confrontation Clause Claim Defendant contends that the trial court impermissibly allowed the prosecution’s gang expert to relay testimonial hearsay to the jurors in violation the confrontation clause and Crawford, supra, 541 U.S. 36 . 2018Confrontation Clause Claim Defendant contends that the trial court impermissibly allowed the prosecution's *179 gang expert to relay testimonial hearsay to the jurors in violation the confrontation clause and Crawford, supra , 541 U.S. 36 , 124 S.Ct. 1354 . | 4 | 2018–2022 |
People v. Holloway
green
2 sentences2025Regarding the drawing of an adverse inference from the invocation of the Fifth Amendment privilege, the relevant section of the Benchbook cited by the trial court states: “On the request of a party who may be adversely affected by an unfavorable inference that may be drawn by the jurors from the exercise of the privilege, the judge must instruct the jurors that no presumption arises because of the exercise of the privilege, and that they may not draw any inference from the exercise of the privilege. [Citations.] The judge should give CACI 215 (Exercise of a Communication Privilege) and 216 (Ex 2015(People v. Holloway (2004) 33 Cal.4th 96, 152-153 .) The court also instructed the jurors on the standard of proof beyond a reasonable doubt. | 3 | 2014–2025 |
Peracchi v. Superior Court
green
2 sentences2020Our partial reversal requires that the case be reopened, with an actual trial if necessary; furthermore, our partial reversal reflected our view that the trial judge erred in a crucial decision of law.” (Id. at p. 766.) As discussed, resolution 13 We also find instructive the Peracchi court’s consideration of the fact “a defendant’s interest in a full and fair sentencing hearing usually is best served when the hearing is presided over by the same judge who heard the evidence at trial.” (Peracchi, supra, 30 Cal.4th at p. 1261 .) The same policy consideration weighs in favor of having Judge Mohr 2020Our partial reversal requires that the case be reopened, with an actual trial if necessary; furthermore, our partial reversal reflected our view that the trial judge erred in a crucial decision of law.” (Id. at p. 766.) As discussed, resolution 13 We also find instructive the Peracchi court’s consideration of the fact “a defendant’s interest in a full and fair sentencing hearing usually is best served when the hearing is presided over by the same judge who heard the evidence at trial.” (Peracchi, supra, 30 Cal.4th at p. 1261 .) The same policy consideration weighs in favor of having Judge Mohr | 2 | 2020–2020 |
Holmes v. South Carolina
green
2 sentences2014Further, the court instructed the jurors as to the factors they could consider when weighing the credibility of eyewitness testimony." (Ibid., fn. omitted.) Contreras argues "that a recent decision of the United States Supreme Court [Holmes v. South Carolina (2006) 547 U.S. 319 , 126 S.Ct. 1727 , 164 L.Ed.2d 503 ] supports his contention that the trial court's exclusion of expert testimony regarding eyewitness identification violated his constitutional right to a meaningful opportunity 6 to present a complete defense . . . ." (People v. Goodwillie, supra, 147 Cal.App.4th at p. 727 .) After a l 2014Further, the court instructed the jurors as to the factors they could consider when weighing the credibility of eyewitness testimony." (Ibid., fn. omitted.) Contreras argues "that a recent decision of the United States Supreme Court [Holmes v. South Carolina (2006) 547 U.S. 319 , 126 S.Ct. 1727 , 164 L.Ed.2d 503 ] supports his contention that the trial court's exclusion of expert testimony regarding eyewitness identification violated his constitutional right to a meaningful opportunity 6 to present a complete defense . . . ." (People v. Goodwillie, supra, 147 Cal.App.4th at p. 727 .) After a l | 2 | 2014–2014 |
People v. GOODWILLIE
green
2 sentences2014Further, the court instructed the jurors as to the factors they could consider when weighing the credibility of eyewitness testimony." (Ibid., fn. omitted.) Contreras argues "that a recent decision of the United States Supreme Court [Holmes v. South Carolina (2006) 547 U.S. 319 , 126 S.Ct. 1727 , 164 L.Ed.2d 503 ] supports his contention that the trial court's exclusion of expert testimony regarding eyewitness identification violated his constitutional right to a meaningful opportunity 6 to present a complete defense . . . ." (People v. Goodwillie, supra, 147 Cal.App.4th at p. 727 .) After a l 2014Further, the court instructed the jurors as to the factors they could consider when weighing the credibility of eyewitness testimony." (Ibid., fn. omitted.) Contreras argues "that a recent decision of the United States Supreme Court [Holmes v. South Carolina (2006) 547 U.S. 319 , 126 S.Ct. 1727 , 164 L.Ed.2d 503 ] supports his contention that the trial court's exclusion of expert testimony regarding eyewitness identification violated his constitutional right to a meaningful opportunity 6 to present a complete defense . . . ." (People v. Goodwillie, supra, 147 Cal.App.4th at p. 727 .) After a l | 2 | 2014–2014 |
Raymond F. Riley v. George Deeds
green
1 sentence2026He relies on Riley v. Deeds (9th Cir. 1995) 56 F.3d 1117, 1121 , in which the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals held that the trial court’s absence during jury deliberations and the law clerk’s reading back of trial testimony amounted to a “complete 175 PEOPLE v. BERTSCH and HRONIS Opinion of the Court by Guerrero, C. | 1 | 2026–2026 |
People v. Wilson
green
1 sentence2024The court provided those transcripts but instructed the jury that “[t]he recording is the evidence” and the transcripts were to be used only to assist the jurors in hearing the words spoken on the video. 12 Defense counsel initially objected to the trial court providing the jury with a “dictionary definition” of “permanent.” However, when the trial court stated that it would respond to the jury with the definition described above, defense counsel replied, “That’s fine.” 12 ‘paralysis’ means a major or complete loss of motor function resulting from injury to the nervous system or to a muscular | 1 | 2024–2024 |
People v. Cowan
green
1 sentence2024Under these circumstances, the trial court reasonably concluded there were no grounds for believing good cause might exist to excuse any of the jurors and no inquiry was necessary. ( Cowan, supra, at 508 .) 26 Defendant contends the trial court must inquire of jurors “even when the possibility of bias [is] essentially speculative.” Defendant relies on People v. Adcox (1988) 47 Cal.3d 207 , in which the defendant argued jurors may have read news reports in which the prosecution allegedly discussed the trial. | 1 | 2024–2024 |
People v. Adcox
green
1 sentence2024Under these circumstances, the trial court reasonably concluded there were no grounds for believing good cause might exist to excuse any of the jurors and no inquiry was necessary. ( Cowan, supra, at 508 .) 26 Defendant contends the trial court must inquire of jurors “even when the possibility of bias [is] essentially speculative.” Defendant relies on People v. Adcox (1988) 47 Cal.3d 207 , in which the defendant argued jurors may have read news reports in which the prosecution allegedly discussed the trial. | 1 | 2024–2024 |
People v. Bryant, Smith and Wheeler
green
1 sentence2024(See People v. Bryant, Smith and Wheeler (2014) 60 Cal.4th 335, 419 .) 17 Here, the prosecution requested the instruction, claiming the jury may perceive its failure to call R.J. as a witness as a failure of proof. | 1 | 2024–2024 |
Strickland v. Washington
green
1 sentence2022(See Strickland v. Washington, supra, 466 U.S. at p. 694 .) F. Prosecutor Told the Jury “We’re Beyond” that Now Defendant contends the prosecutor committed misconduct when she “told the jurors that the presumption of innocence lasted until the start of the evidentiary portion of the trial, but now that all the evidence has been taken, ‘we’re beyond that now.’” The defendant contends the prosecutor erred when she told the jury “we’re beyond” the 27. presumption of innocence before the start of deliberations, suggesting to “‘the jury it need no longer apply the presumption because it is no longe | 1 | 2022–2022 |
People v. Moore
green
1 sentence2022“The fact the jury was able to reach a verdict relatively quickly after being further instructed reflects the court properly exercised its discretion.” (Moore, supra, 96 Cal.App.4th at p. 1122 .) That progress was not enough to warrant still further deliberations, argues Ramos, because when the foreperson reported two verdicts had been reached, she also stated she did not think additional deliberations would 8 result in agreement on the other 27 counts. | 1 | 2022–2022 |
People v. Johnson
green
1 sentence2022(Johnson, supra, 77 Cal.App.4th at p. 419 .) In fact, this assumption is incorporated into Evidence Code section 1109’s definition of domestic violence. | 1 | 2022–2022 |
People v. Hung Hao Nguyen
green
1 sentence2022She was merely disagreeing with the argument of Ritter’s counsel that the reasonable doubt standard applied to “the type of decision you really got to be sure about, like when you decided who[m] to marry.” The disagreement was apt. “[S]ince the decision to marry is often based on a standard far less than reasonable doubt, as reflected in statistics indicating 33 to 60 percent of all marriages end in divorce,” this court “strongly disapprove[d] of arguments suggesting the reasonable doubt standard is used in daily life to decide such questions as whether to . . . marry.” (People v. Nguyen (1995 | 1 | 2022–2022 |
People v. Potts
green
1 sentence2022(Victor v. Nebraska (1994) 511 U.S. 1, 14-15 ; People v. Potts (2019) 6 Cal.5th 1012, 1033 ; see CALCRIM No. 220.) In thus taking exception to Ritter’s counsel’s marriage analogy, the prosecutor did nothing likely to mislead the jury on the applicable burden of proof. | 1 | 2022–2022 |
People v. Brady
green
1 sentence2021Brady, found at 129 Cal.App.4th 1314 , which is a 2005 case, and in that case, while this Court’s not going to review the facts with counsel since both counsel are familiar with the fact pattern in that case, in that case the trial court did instruct the jurors with an instruction that has been reviewed on appeal and has, more importantly, been affirmed on appeal, finding that the instruction provided in that case did adequately instruct the jurors on the applicable law in this area given a fact pattern that while it is not necessarily similar to this case, it is similar enough as it relates t | 1 | 2021–2021 |
People v. Watson
green
2 sentences2021This Court is far more 16 People v. Watson, supra, 30 Cal.3d 290 . 28. comfortable with providing law to this jury that has been tested, reviewed, and, most importantly, affirmed in properly instructing the jurors about the law in a particular area that is a factual issue in dispute. 2021This Court is far more 16 People v. Watson, supra, 30 Cal.3d 290 . 28. comfortable with providing law to this jury that has been tested, reviewed, and, most importantly, affirmed in properly instructing the jurors about the law in a particular area that is a factual issue in dispute. | 1 | 2021–2021 |
People v. Carasi
green
1 sentence2021(Carasi, supra, 44 Cal.4th at p. 1287 .) The record demonstrates that voir dire in defendant’s case was not so cursory that it constituted an abuse of discretion or deprived her of a fundamentally fair trial. | 1 | 2021–2021 |
People v. Robertson
green
1 sentence2015(People v. Robertson (2012) 208 Cal.App.4th 965 , 989- 990.) When a defendant is charged with a sex offense, Evidence Code section 1108 5 In his opening brief on appeal, defendant mistakenly assumed the uncharged sex offense evidence was presented to the jury under both Evidence Code sections 1108 and 1101, subdivision (b), and he challenged its admissibility under both of these sections. | 1 | 2015–2015 |
People v. Von Villas
green
1 sentence2013The trial court denied the motion for new trial, stating there was no evidence the alleged misconduct " 'effected [sic] the finding of their guilt.' " (Von Villas, supra, 11 Cal.App.4th at p. 253 .) The Von Villas court, noting that "a series of errors on all sides . . . brought about an untenable situation for the trial judge who, in turn, committed error by applying an incorrect legal analysis of the jury misconduct issue" (id. at p. 257), held (relying on Perez) the appropriate remedy was to remand for a new hearing at which the trial court would examine the jurors to test their credibility | 1 | 2013–2013 |
| People v. Phillips green | 1 | 2006–2006 |
| People v. Crawford green | 1 | 2006–2006 |
| People v. Stuart green | 1 | 1996–1996 |
| People v. Vineberg green | 1 | 1990–1990 |
| People v. Brown green | 1 | 1989–1989 |
| People v. Lemus green | 1 | 1989–1989 |
| People v. Patrick green | 1 | 1989–1989 |
| People v. Milner green | 1 | 1989–1989 |
| People v. De Moss green | 1 | 1958–1958 |
| People v. Byrd green | 1 | 1958–1958 |
| People v. Gosden green | 1 | 1958–1958 |
| People v. Ottey green | 1 | 1958–1958 |
Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.