47 California opinions name it 4 courts 1983–2024 15 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
People v. Doolingreen2 sentences2024All other claims of ineffective assistance are more appropriately resolved in a habeas corpus proceeding.” (People v. Mai (2013) 57 Cal.4th 986, 1009 (Mai).) “In the context of a conflict of interest claim, deficient performance is demonstrated by a showing that defense counsel labored under an actual conflict of interest ‘that affected counsel's performance—as opposed to a mere theoretical division of loyalties.’ [Citations.] ‘[I]nquiry into actual conflict [does not require] something separate and apart from adverse effect.’ [Citation.] ‘An “actual conflict,” for Sixth Amendment purposes, is 2024All other claims of ineffective assistance are more appropriately resolved in a habeas corpus proceeding.” (People v. Mai (2013) 57 Cal.4th 986, 1009 (Mai).) “In the context of a conflict of interest claim, deficient performance is demonstrated by a showing that defense counsel labored under an actual conflict of interest ‘that affected counsel's performance—as opposed to a mere theoretical division of loyalties.’ [Citations.] ‘[I]nquiry into actual conflict [does not require] something separate and apart from adverse effect.’ [Citation.] ‘An “actual conflict,” for Sixth Amendment purposes, is | 5 | 10 |
Mickens v. Taylorgreen2 sentences2024(People v. Doolin (2009) 45 Cal.4th 390, 417 , citing Strickland v. Washington (1984) 466 U.S. 668, 694 .) “In the context of a conflict of interest claim, deficient performance is demonstrated by a showing that defense counsel labored under an actual conflict of interest ‘that affected counsel’s performance—as opposed to a mere theoretical division of loyalties.’ ” (Doolin, at p. 417, quoting Mickens v. Taylor (2002) 535 U.S. 162, 171 .) Determining “whether counsel’s performance was ‘adversely affected’ under the federal standard ‘requires an inquiry into whether counsel “pulled his [or her] 2023(Mickens v. Taylor (2002) 535 U.S. 162, 164, 174 [ 120 S.Ct. 1237 , 152 L.Ed.2d 291 ] (Mickens); People v. Jones (1991) 53 Cal.3d 1115, 1137 ; People v. Bonin (1989) 47 Cal.3d 808, 837-838 .) As summarized by our Supreme Court, Mickens “confirmed that claims of Sixth Amendment violation based on conflicts of interest are a category of ineffective assistance of counsel claims that . . . generally require a defendant to show (1) counsel’s deficient performance, and (2) a reasonable probability that, absent counsel’s deficiencies, the 29 result of the proceeding would have been different. ([Peopl | 3 | 4 |
People Ex Rel. Deparment of Corporations. v. Speedee Oil Change Systems, Inc.green2 sentences2023With few exceptions, disqualification follows automatically, regardless of whether the simultaneous representations have anything in common or present any risk that confidences obtained in one matter would be used in the other. [Citation.]” (SpeeDee Oil, supra, 20 Cal.4th at pp. 1146–1147, italics added; see Flatt v. Superior Court (1994) 9 Cal.4th 275, 285 (Flatt); Beachcomber Management Crystal Cove, LLC v. Superior Court (2017) 6 13 Cal.App.5th 1105, 1117 .) In SpeeDee Oil, the California Supreme Court set forth a clear means for determining whether a law firm is representing a client: “An 2023With few exceptions, disqualification follows automatically, regardless of whether the simultaneous representations have anything in common or present any risk that confidences obtained in one matter would be used in the other. [Citation.]” (SpeeDee Oil, supra, 20 Cal.4th at pp. 1146–1147, italics added; see Flatt v. Superior Court (1994) 9 Cal.4th 275, 285 (Flatt); Beachcomber Management Crystal Cove, LLC v. Superior Court (2017) 6 13 Cal.App.5th 1105, 1117 .) In SpeeDee Oil, the California Supreme Court set forth a clear means for determining whether a law firm is representing a client: “An | 2 | 7 |
People v. Cornwellgreen2 sentences2024All other claims of ineffective assistance are more appropriately resolved in a habeas corpus proceeding.” (People v. Mai (2013) 57 Cal.4th 986, 1009 (Mai).) “In the context of a conflict of interest claim, deficient performance is demonstrated by a showing that defense counsel labored under an actual conflict of interest ‘that affected counsel's performance—as opposed to a mere theoretical division of loyalties.’ [Citations.] ‘[I]nquiry into actual conflict [does not require] something separate and apart from adverse effect.’ [Citation.] ‘An “actual conflict,” for Sixth Amendment purposes, is 2008(People v. Cornwell (2005) 37 Cal.4th 50, 75 [ 33 Cal.Rptr.3d 1 , 117 P.3d 622 ].) There is no allegation that Atherton possessed confidential information from either his client Bonilla or from Bonilla’s mother, Garcia, and there are no California cases holding that current representation of a prosecution witness’s relative creates a conflict of interest. 7 We therefore doubt that a conflict existed, especially where the trial *1041 court heard and accepted the explanations and viewpoints of both Atherton and the prosecutor. ( Clark, supra, 5 Cal.4th at pp. 1001-1002.) Assuming for discussion’ | 2 | 2 |
Flatt v. Superior Courtgreen2 sentences2023With few exceptions, disqualification follows automatically, regardless of whether the simultaneous representations have anything in common or present any risk that confidences obtained in one matter would be used in the other. [Citation.]” (SpeeDee Oil, supra, 20 Cal.4th at pp. 1146–1147, italics added; see Flatt v. Superior Court (1994) 9 Cal.4th 275, 285 (Flatt); Beachcomber Management Crystal Cove, LLC v. Superior Court (2017) 6 13 Cal.App.5th 1105, 1117 .) In SpeeDee Oil, the California Supreme Court set forth a clear means for determining whether a law firm is representing a client: “An 1999(Cf. Flatt, supra, 9 Cal.4th at p. 283 , 36 Cal.Rptr.2d 537 , 885 P.2d 950 .) Therefore, we examine the relationship between Disner and Mobil, conducted through Mobil's counsel, to determine whether Disner should be deemed to have represented Mobil for purposes of a conflict of interest analysis. | 2 | 2 |
Lexin v. Superior Courtgreen2 sentences2015(Thomson v. Call, supra, 38 Cal.3d at p. 648 .) Courts evaluating a conflict of interest claim under Government Code section 1090 must consider “(1) whether the defendant government officials or employees participated in the making of a contract in their official capacities, (2) whether the defendants had a cognizable financial interest in that contract, and (3) (if raised as an affirmative defense) whether the cognizable interest falls within any one of section 1091’s or section 1091.5’s exceptions for remote or minimal interests. [Citations.]” (Lexin, supra, 47 Cal.4th at p. 1074 .) The brea 2015(Thomson v. Call, supra, 38 Cal.3d at p. 648.) Courts evaluating a conflict of interest claim under Government Code section 1090 must consider “(1) whether the defendant government officials or employees participated in the making of a contract in their official capacities, (2) whether the defendants had a cognizable financial interest in that contract, and (3) (if raised as an affirmative defense) whether the cognizable interest falls within any one of section 1091’s or section 1091.5’s exceptions for remote or minimal interests. [Citations.]” (Lexin, supra, 47 Cal.4th at p. 1074, fn. omitted | 2 | 2 |
Hirano v. Hiranogreen2 sentences2013Evidentiary Errors The Behrmanns contend that the trial court erred in excluding evidence that (1) Goldstein (the attorney Baker recommended) sought to obtain a conflict of interest waiver from an unrelated client in 1998; and (2) NHF later amended its application form for private charities to spell out that donors would lose "control" of their donations as well as "ownership" and "custody." Because these two exhibits do not affect our analysis, their exclusion is harmless.3 (Cf. 3 For the same reasons, the Behrmanns' post-briefing motion to strike portions of Baker's brief and their request f 2013Evidentiary Errors The Behrmanns contend that the trial court erred in excluding evidence that (1) Goldstein (the attorney Baker recommended) sought to obtain a conflict of interest waiver from an unrelated client in 1998; and (2) NHF later amended its application form for private charities to spell out that donors would lose "control" of their donations as well as "ownership" and "custody." Because these two exhibits do not affect our analysis, their exclusion is harmless.3 (Cf. 3 For the same reasons, the Behrmanns' post-briefing motion to strike portions of Baker's brief and their request f | 2 | 2 |
Ortiz v. LOS ANGELES POLICE RELIEF ASS'N.green2 sentences2004Ortiz v. Los Angeles Police Relief Assn. (2002) 98 Cal.App.4th 1288, 1312 [ 120 Cal.Rptr.2d 670 ] (Ortiz), is cited by the City as being instructive of the proposition that “indirect and attenuated impacts of government regulation on family relationships do not violate constitutional privacy rights.” In Ortiz , the Second Appellate District upheld a conflict of interest rule of a private police benefits organization, which barred prison inmates or their spouses from employment as benefits administrators with access to confidential files regarding health and retirement claims of police officers 2004Ortiz v. Los Angeles Police Relief Assn. (2002) 98 Cal.App.4th 1288, 1312 [ 120 Cal.Rptr.2d 670 ] (Ortiz), is cited by the City as being instructive of the proposition that “indirect and attenuated impacts of government regulation on family relationships do not violate constitutional privacy rights.” In Ortiz , the Second Appellate District upheld a conflict of interest rule of a private police benefits organization, which barred prison inmates or their spouses from employment as benefits administrators with access to confidential files regarding health and retirement claims of police officers | 1 | 2 |
People v. Nggreen1 sentence2024(People v. Ng (2022) 13 Cal.5th 448, 530 [to succeed on a conflict of interest claim a defendant “must establish an actual conflict, deficient performance, and prejudice”].) DISPOSITION The trial court’s order denying Maury’s second state habeas corpus petition is affirmed. /s/ Duarte, J. | 1 | 1 |
People v. Coxgreen1 sentence2024(People v. Doolin (2009) 45 Cal.4th 390, 417 , citing Strickland v. Washington (1984) 466 U.S. 668, 694 .) “In the context of a conflict of interest claim, deficient performance is demonstrated by a showing that defense counsel labored under an actual conflict of interest ‘that affected counsel’s performance—as opposed to a mere theoretical division of loyalties.’ ” (Doolin, at p. 417, quoting Mickens v. Taylor (2002) 535 U.S. 162, 171 .) Determining “whether counsel’s performance was ‘adversely affected’ under the federal standard ‘requires an inquiry into whether counsel “pulled his [or her] | 1 | 1 |
The People v. Maigreen1 sentence2024All other claims of ineffective assistance are more appropriately resolved in a habeas corpus proceeding.” (People v. Mai (2013) 57 Cal.4th 986, 1009 (Mai).) “In the context of a conflict of interest claim, deficient performance is demonstrated by a showing that defense counsel labored under an actual conflict of interest ‘that affected counsel's performance—as opposed to a mere theoretical division of loyalties.’ [Citations.] ‘[I]nquiry into actual conflict [does not require] something separate and apart from adverse effect.’ [Citation.] ‘An “actual conflict,” for Sixth Amendment purposes, is | 1 | 1 |
Benasra v. MITCHELL SILBERBERG & KNUPP LLPgreen1 sentence2021Thus, an attorney’s representation of a client while laboring under a conflict of interest in violation of his or her ethical duties does not, without more, involve protected activity. ( PrediWave, supra, 179 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1226-1227; Benasra v. Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP (2004) 123 Cal.App.4th 1179, 1189 (Benasra); Loanvest I, LLC v. Utrecht (2015) 235 Cal.App.4th 496, 504-505 (Loanvest); Chodos v. Cole (2012) 210 Cal.App.4th 692, 702 (Chodos); Freeman, supra, 154 Cal.App.4th at pp. 729-730, 732 (Freeman); Castleman v. Sagaser (2013) 216 Cal.App.4th 481, 493 (Castleman); Sprengel v. | 1 | 1 |
| Chodos v. Colegreen | 1 | 1 |
| Castleman v. Sagaser CA5green | 1 | 1 |
| Loanvest I, LLC v. Utrechtgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Friedland v. City of Long Beachgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Stigall v. City of Taftgreen | 1 | 1 |
| In Re Marriage of Browngreen | 1 | 1 |
| Cal Pak Delivery, Inc. v. United Parcel Service, Inc.green | 1 | 1 |
| Garcia v. Hejmadigreen | 1 | 1 |
| Hewins v. Walbeckgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Smith v. Lewisgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Rappleyea v. Campbellgreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Rundlegreen | 1 | 1 |
| cluster 769903green | 1 | 1 |
| Parks v. City of Warner Robins, Georgiagreen | 1 | 1 |
| Miller v. Metzingergreen | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in California. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Thomson v. Call
green
2 sentences2017(E.g., [ Thomson, supra ,] 38 Cal.3d 633 [ 214 Cal.Rptr. 139 , 699 P.2d 316 ] [taxpayer suit successfully challenged validity of land transfer from city council member through intermediaries to city]; see Kaufmann & Widiss, The California Conflict of Interest Laws (1963) 36 So.Cal. 2015(Thomson v. Call, supra, 38 Cal.3d at p. 648 .) Courts evaluating a conflict of interest claim under Government Code section 1090 must consider “(1) whether the defendant government officials or employees participated in the making of a contract in their official capacities, (2) whether the defendants had a cognizable financial interest in that contract, and (3) (if raised as an affirmative defense) whether the cognizable interest falls within any one of section 1091’s or section 1091.5’s exceptions for remote or minimal interests. [Citations.]” (Lexin, supra, 47 Cal.4th at p. 1074 .) The brea | 4 | 2015–2017 |
Strickland v. Washington
green
2 sentences2024(People v. Doolin (2009) 45 Cal.4th 390, 417 , citing Strickland v. Washington (1984) 466 U.S. 668, 694 .) “In the context of a conflict of interest claim, deficient performance is demonstrated by a showing that defense counsel labored under an actual conflict of interest ‘that affected counsel’s performance—as opposed to a mere theoretical division of loyalties.’ ” (Doolin, at p. 417, quoting Mickens v. Taylor (2002) 535 U.S. 162, 171 .) Determining “whether counsel’s performance was ‘adversely affected’ under the federal standard ‘requires an inquiry into whether counsel “pulled his [or her] 2021(People v. Doolin (2009) 45 Cal.4th 390, 417 (Doolin).) Effective assistance of counsel “includes the correlative right to representation free from any conflict of interest that undermines counsel’s loyalty to his or her client.” (Ibid.) Both state and federal conflict of interest claims are analyzed under the federal standard articulated in Strickland v. Washington (1984) 466 U.S. 668 , which “generally require[s] a defendant to show (1) counsel’s deficient performance, and (2) a reasonable probability that, absent counsel’s deficiencies, the result of the proceeding would have been different | 3 | 2013–2024 |
Davis v. Fresno Unified School District
green
2 sentences2023(Davis v. Fresno Unified School Dist. (2015) 237 Cal.App.4th 261, 300 .) McKiernan and Torcal do not dispute the statute of limitations for a claim under section 1090 is four years. 2020(Davis I, supra, 237 Cal.App.4th at p. 302 .) The FAC’s counts or legal theories that survived the demurrer alleged (1) other violations of California’s competitive bidding laws and Education Code sections 17406 and 17417 (first and third causes of action) and (2) conflicts of interest under 6 Filing a demurrer or answer without raising a jurisdictional objection constitutes a general appearance. | 3 | 2020–2023 |
Santa Clarita Organization for Planning & the Environment v. Abercrombie
green
2 sentences2018At the outset, the Abercrombie court concluded that conflict of interest actions, such as the present case, are not part of the validation statutes stating: *766 "[b]ecause the conflict of interest claim is brought pursuant to [Government Code] sections 1092, subdivision (b) and 91003, neither of which are part of or subject to the validation statutes, SCOPE's conflict of interest claim does not appear to be subject to the validation statutes' shortened notice-of-appeal deadline." ( Abercrombie , supra , 240 Cal.App.4th at p. 308 , 192 Cal.Rptr.3d 469 .) The Abercrombie court went further and 2018At the outset, the Abercrombie court concluded that conflict of interest actions, such as the present case, are not part of the validation statutes stating: *766 "[b]ecause the conflict of interest claim is brought pursuant to [Government Code] sections 1092, subdivision (b) and 91003, neither of which are part of or subject to the validation statutes, SCOPE's conflict of interest claim does not appear to be subject to the validation statutes' shortened notice-of-appeal deadline." ( Abercrombie , supra , 240 Cal.App.4th at p. 308 , 192 Cal.Rptr.3d 469 .) The Abercrombie court went further and | 2 | 2018–2018 |
HUB CITY SOLID WASTE SERVICES, INC. v. City of Compton
green
2 sentences2015(Hub City, supra, 186 Cal.App.4th at p. 1125 .) The court did not decide this argument, concluding that the limited liability company’s status as the contracting entity with the city was immaterial because the actions of the company’s president fell within the scope of Government Code section 1090. 2015(Hub City, supra, 186 Cal.App.4th at p. 1125 .) The court did not decide this argument, concluding that the limited liability company’s status as the contracting entity with the city was immaterial because the actions of the company’s president fell within the scope of Government Code section 1090. | 2 | 2015–2015 |
Katz v. Chevron Corp.
green
1 sentence2024A classic example is when directors, faced with a merger, adopt defensive measures but “might be acting to protect their own interests rather than those of the corporation and shareholders.” (Katz, supra, 22 Cal.App.4th at p. 1367 .) This situation sparks the fear the individual decisionmakers are not to be trusted, for they might be serving their self-interest at the expense of the interests of the entity and its owners, like the shareholders. | 1 | 2024–2024 |
Brown v. Goldstein
green
1 sentence2024(Brown v. Goldstien (2019) 34 Cal.App.5th 418 , 432–433.) USF’s extrinsic evidence consists of statements in Michael Vartain’s declaration to the effect that USF was unwilling to consent to Vartain’s concurrent representation of Community Initiatives in the wrongful termination case unless the JDA contained a conflict of interest waiver.4 This evidence pertains to USF’s motivation for 4Similar statements appear in a declaration by USF’s general counsel, Donna Davis. | 1 | 2024–2024 |
Harris v. Superior Court
green
1 sentence2024(Harris, supra, 225 Cal.App.4th at p. 1142 .) An actual conflict also exists when the defendant shows that the purported conflict adversely affected counsel’s performance. | 1 | 2024–2024 |
People v. Almanza
green
1 sentence2024In the context of a conflict-of-interest claim, the deficient performance prong of the ineffective assistance test “ ‘is satisfied by a showing that defense counsel labored under an actual conflict of interest.’ ” (People v. Almanza (2015) 233 Cal.App.4th 990, 1001 .) An actual conflict exists when defense counsel has been arrested and is facing prosecution by the same entity prosecuting his client, particularly when the same arresting officer is an important prosecution witness in both cases. | 1 | 2024–2024 |
People v. Superior Court of Riverside Cnty.
green
1 sentence2023As alleged, the conflict-of-interest claim is time barred As previously discussed, the City and WRCOG allege McKiernan and Torcal violated Government Code section 1090 which provides in relevant part: “(a) [C]ity officers or employees shall not be financially interested in any contract made by them in their official capacity. . . . [¶] (b) An individual shall not aid or abet a . . . city officer or employee in violating subdivision (a).” The terms “officer” and “employee” include “outside advisors with responsibilities for public contracting similar to those belonging to formal officers” or “f | 1 | 2023–2023 |
People v. Jones
green
1 sentence2023(Mickens v. Taylor (2002) 535 U.S. 162, 164, 174 [ 120 S.Ct. 1237 , 152 L.Ed.2d 291 ] (Mickens); People v. Jones (1991) 53 Cal.3d 1115, 1137 ; People v. Bonin (1989) 47 Cal.3d 808, 837-838 .) As summarized by our Supreme Court, Mickens “confirmed that claims of Sixth Amendment violation based on conflicts of interest are a category of ineffective assistance of counsel claims that . . . generally require a defendant to show (1) counsel’s deficient performance, and (2) a reasonable probability that, absent counsel’s deficiencies, the 29 result of the proceeding would have been different. ([Peopl | 1 | 2023–2023 |
People v. Bonin
green
1 sentence2023(Mickens v. Taylor (2002) 535 U.S. 162, 164, 174 [ 120 S.Ct. 1237 , 152 L.Ed.2d 291 ] (Mickens); People v. Jones (1991) 53 Cal.3d 1115, 1137 ; People v. Bonin (1989) 47 Cal.3d 808, 837-838 .) As summarized by our Supreme Court, Mickens “confirmed that claims of Sixth Amendment violation based on conflicts of interest are a category of ineffective assistance of counsel claims that . . . generally require a defendant to show (1) counsel’s deficient performance, and (2) a reasonable probability that, absent counsel’s deficiencies, the 29 result of the proceeding would have been different. ([Peopl | 1 | 2023–2023 |
Beachcomber Mgmt. Crystal Cove, LLC v. Superior Court of Orange Cnty.
green
1 sentence2023With few exceptions, disqualification follows automatically, regardless of whether the simultaneous representations have anything in common or present any risk that confidences obtained in one matter would be used in the other. [Citation.]” (SpeeDee Oil, supra, 20 Cal.4th at pp. 1146–1147, italics added; see Flatt v. Superior Court (1994) 9 Cal.4th 275, 285 (Flatt); Beachcomber Management Crystal Cove, LLC v. Superior Court (2017) 6 13 Cal.App.5th 1105, 1117 .) In SpeeDee Oil, the California Supreme Court set forth a clear means for determining whether a law firm is representing a client: “An | 1 | 2023–2023 |
Freeman v. Schack
green
1 sentence2021Thus, an attorney’s representation of a client while laboring under a conflict of interest in violation of his or her ethical duties does not, without more, involve protected activity. ( PrediWave, supra, 179 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1226-1227; Benasra v. Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP (2004) 123 Cal.App.4th 1179, 1189 (Benasra); Loanvest I, LLC v. Utrecht (2015) 235 Cal.App.4th 496, 504-505 (Loanvest); Chodos v. Cole (2012) 210 Cal.App.4th 692, 702 (Chodos); Freeman, supra, 154 Cal.App.4th at pp. 729-730, 732 (Freeman); Castleman v. Sagaser (2013) 216 Cal.App.4th 481, 493 (Castleman); Sprengel v. | 1 | 2021–2021 |
PrediWave Corp. v. Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP
green
1 sentence2021Thus, an attorney’s representation of a client while laboring under a conflict of interest in violation of his or her ethical duties does not, without more, involve protected activity. ( PrediWave, supra, 179 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1226-1227; Benasra v. Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP (2004) 123 Cal.App.4th 1179, 1189 (Benasra); Loanvest I, LLC v. Utrecht (2015) 235 Cal.App.4th 496, 504-505 (Loanvest); Chodos v. Cole (2012) 210 Cal.App.4th 692, 702 (Chodos); Freeman, supra, 154 Cal.App.4th at pp. 729-730, 732 (Freeman); Castleman v. Sagaser (2013) 216 Cal.App.4th 481, 493 (Castleman); Sprengel v. | 1 | 2021–2021 |
Sprengel v. Zbylut
green
1 sentence2021Thus, an attorney’s representation of a client while laboring under a conflict of interest in violation of his or her ethical duties does not, without more, involve protected activity. ( PrediWave, supra, 179 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1226-1227; Benasra v. Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP (2004) 123 Cal.App.4th 1179, 1189 (Benasra); Loanvest I, LLC v. Utrecht (2015) 235 Cal.App.4th 496, 504-505 (Loanvest); Chodos v. Cole (2012) 210 Cal.App.4th 692, 702 (Chodos); Freeman, supra, 154 Cal.App.4th at pp. 729-730, 732 (Freeman); Castleman v. Sagaser (2013) 216 Cal.App.4th 481, 493 (Castleman); Sprengel v. | 1 | 2021–2021 |
Hylton v. Frank E. Rogozienski, Inc.
green
1 sentence2021Thus, an attorney’s representation of a client while laboring under a conflict of interest in violation of his or her ethical duties does not, without more, involve protected activity. ( PrediWave, supra, 179 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1226-1227; Benasra v. Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP (2004) 123 Cal.App.4th 1179, 1189 (Benasra); Loanvest I, LLC v. Utrecht (2015) 235 Cal.App.4th 496, 504-505 (Loanvest); Chodos v. Cole (2012) 210 Cal.App.4th 692, 702 (Chodos); Freeman, supra, 154 Cal.App.4th at pp. 729-730, 732 (Freeman); Castleman v. Sagaser (2013) 216 Cal.App.4th 481, 493 (Castleman); Sprengel v. | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Peregrine Funding, Inc. v. Sheppard Mullin Richter & Hampton LLP green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
Jespersen v. Zubiate-Beauchamp
green
1 sentence2021(Jespersen, supra, 114 Cal.App.4th at p. 632 .) II. | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| River West, Inc. v. Nickel green | 1 | 2018–2018 |
| Daily Journal Corp. v. County of Los Angeles green | 1 | 2018–2018 |
| McGee v. Balfour Beatty Construction CA2/8 green | 1 | 2017–2017 |
| San Bernardino County v. Superior Court green | 1 | 2017–2017 |
| Pound v. DeMera DeMera Cameron green | 1 | 2016–2016 |
| Belaire-West Landscape, Inc. v. Superior Court green | 1 | 2016–2016 |
| Cho v. Superior Court green | 1 | 2016–2016 |
| People v. Aguilar green | 1 | 2016–2016 |
| People v. Mroczko green | 1 | 2015–2015 |
| Chfa v. hanover/california Management green | 1 | 2015–2015 |
| Zamora v. Clayborn Contracting Group, Inc. green | 1 | 2011–2011 |
| Kendall v. Barker green | 1 | 2011–2011 |
| Osornio v. Weingarten green | 1 | 2011–2011 |
| Haraguchi v. Superior Court green | 1 | 2010–2010 |
| In Re Marriage of Zimmerman green | 1 | 2007–2007 |
| Terry v. Bender green | 1 | 2005–2005 |
| Clark v. City of Hermosa Beach green | 1 | 2005–2005 |
| Noble v. City of Palo Alto green | 1 | 2005–2005 |
| Susan Waters Robert Leonhardt v. Gaston County, North Carolina green | 1 | 2002–2002 |
| Martha Sabol Wright John C. Wright, Jr. v. Metrohealth Medical Center, Petroleum Helicopters, Inc. green | 1 | 2002–2002 |
| Henriksen v. Great American Savings & Loan green | 1 | 1999–1999 |
Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.