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4 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 29 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side: they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Dombrowski v. Eastland.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dombrowski v. Eastland Anchor | green | “not only from the consequences of litigation's results but also from the burden of defending themselves.” | 11 |
| 2 | United States v. Brewster | green | “the immunities of the speech or debate clause were not written into the constitution simply for the personal or private benefit of members of congress, but to protect the integrity of the legislative process by insuring the independence of individual legislators.” | 11 |
| 3 | Dombrowski v. Eastland | green | “protected not only from the consequences of litigation's results but also from the burden of defending themselves.” | 4 |
| 4 | Barcelo v. Agosto | green | “whether the activity is essential to the legislature's deliberations or whether permitting inquiry into the activity would threaten its integrity and independence.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment: for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.