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4 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 27 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side: they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Lloyd Lieb, Trading as Specialized Cassettes v. Topstone Industries, Inc., and D. Robbins & Co., Inc..
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lloyd Lieb, Trading as Specialized Cassettes v. Topstone Industries, Inc., and D. Robbins & Co., Inc. Anchor | green | “rule 11 therefore is intended to discourage pleadings that are 'frivolous, legally unreasonable, or without factual foundation, even though the paper was not filed in subjective bad faith.” | 9 |
| 2 | Eastway Construction Corp. v. City of New York | green | “in derogation of the general american policy of encouraging resort to the courts for peaceful resolution of disputes,” | 8 |
| 3 | Richard L. Zaldivar v. City of Los Angeles, and Margaret Salazar, Intervenors-Appellees | green | “frivolous, legally unreasonable, or without factual foundation, even though the paper was not filed in subjective bad faith.” | 5 |
| 4 | Richard L. Zaldivar v. City of Los Angeles, and Margaret Salazar, Intervenors-Appellees | green | “rule 11 therefore is intended to discourage pleadings that are 'frivolous, legally unreasonable, or without factual foundation, even though the paper was not filed in subjective bad faith.” | 5 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment: for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.