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6 canonical passages across 4 cases, quoted by 25 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side: they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from People v. Spencer.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | People v. Spencer Anchor | green | “when there exists at least a reasonable suspicion that the driver or occupants of the vehicle have committed, are committing, or are about to commit a crime” | 7 |
| 2 | People v. Spencer | green | “at least a reasonable suspicion that the driver or occupants of the vehicle have committed, are committing, or are about to commit a crime” | 4 |
| 3 | People v. Smith | green | “the unattenuated by-product of the illegal stop” | 4 |
| 4 | People v. Powell | green | “innocuous and readily susceptible of an innocent interpretation” | 4 |
| 5 | People v. Spencer | green | “police stops of automobiles in this state are legal only pursuant to routine, nonpretextual traffic checks to enforce traffic regulations or when there exists at least a reasonable suspicion that the driver or occupants of the vehicle have committed, are committing, or are about…” | 3 |
| 6 | People v. McRay | green | “although the determination of the suppression court is entitled to great weight (see people v prochilo, 41 ny2d 759 , 761 ), we have the fact-finding authority to determine whether the police conduct was justified (see people v mcray, 51 ny2d 594, 605 )” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment: for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.