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5 canonical passages across 4 cases, quoted by 21 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side: they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from United States v. Rafael Baron-Medina.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States v. Rafael Baron-Medina Anchor | green | “employing the ordinary, contemporary, and common meaning of the words that congress used.” | 5 |
| 2 | United States v. Medina-Villa | green | “physical or psychological harm' in light of the age of the victim in question.” | 5 |
| 3 | Orozco v. Mukasey | green | “we do not examine the facts underlying the offense, but 'look only to the fact of conviction and the statutory definition of the prior offense.” | 4 |
| 4 | Cerezo v. Mukasey | green | “under the categorical approach, we 'compare the elements of the statute of conviction with a federal definition of the crime to determine whether conduct proscribed by the statute is broader than the generic federal definition.” | 4 |
| 5 | United States v. Rafael Baron-Medina | green | “interpreted the undefined term 'sexual abuse of a minor' by employing the ordinary, contemporary, and common meaning of the words that congress used.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment: for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.