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3 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 18 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side: they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Smith v. Steinberg.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Smith v. Steinberg Anchor | green | “is whether a person is subject to the direction and control of a public employer.” | 7 |
| 2 | Williams v. Hartman | green | “a physician is not necessarily a public employee simply because a public entity pays his or her salary, provides a retirement fund, or manages a vacation schedule.” | 6 |
| 3 | McNamara v. Honeyman | green | “while physicians exercise independent judgment, a physician can still be deemed a servant where the principal controls the details of the physician's activities.” | 5 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment: for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.