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4 canonical passages across 3 cases, quoted by 16 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Nolde Bros., Inc. v. Wray.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nolde Bros., Inc. v. Wray Anchor | green | “it is ancient learning that one who assumes to act, even though gratuitously, may thereby become subject to the duty of acting carefully, if he acts at all.” | 6 |
| 2 | Delk v. Columbia/HCA Healthcare Corp. | green | “a plaintiff who seeks to establish actionable negligence must plead the existence of a legal duty, violation of that duty, and proximate causation which results in injury.” | 4 |
| 3 | Didato v. Strehler | green | “it is ancient learning that one who assumes to act, even though gratuitously, may thereby become subject to the duty of acting carefully, if he acts at all.” | 3 |
| 4 | Delk v. Columbia/HCA Healthcare Corp. | green | “generally, a person does not have a duty to protect another from the conduct of third persons.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.