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5 canonical passages across 4 cases, quoted by 113 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from People v. Eisen.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | People v. Eisen Anchor | green | “effective assistance of counsel is presumed, and the defendant bears a heavy burden of proving otherwise.” | 55 |
| 2 | People v. Brown | green | “a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel presents a mixed question of law and fact.” | 22 |
| 3 | People v. Lopez | green | “this court reviews a trial court's findings of fact, if any, for clear error, and reviews de novo the ultimate constitutional issue arising from an ineffective assistance of counsel claim.” | 15 |
| 4 | People v. Lopez | green | “a finding is clearly erroneous if the reviewing court is left with a definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been made.” | 12 |
| 5 | People v. Oliver | green | “if the witness is not testifying as an expert, the witness' testimony in the form of opinions or inferences is limited to those opinions or inferences which are (a) rationally based on the perception of the witness and (b) helpful to a clear understanding of the witness' testimo…” | 9 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.