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3 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 70 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side: they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez Anchor | green | “explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the constitution.” | 32 |
| 2 | Reed v. Reed | green | “must be reasonable, not arbitrary, and must rest upon some ground of difference having a fair and substantial relation to the object of the legislation, so that all persons similarly circumstanced shall be treated alike.” | 26 |
| 3 | Reed v. Reed | green | “a classification 'must be reasonable, not arbitrary, and must rest upon some ground of difference having a fair and substantial relation to the object of the legislation, so that all persons similarly circumstanced shall be treated alike.” | 12 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment: for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.