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2 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 44 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side: they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Kingdomware Technologies, Inc. v. United States.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kingdomware Technologies, Inc. v. United States Anchor | green | “unlike the word 'may,' which implies discretion, the word 'shall' usually connotes a requirement.” | 37 |
| 2 | Department of State v. Munoz | green | “for more than a century, the supreme court has recognized that the admission and exclusion of foreign nationals is a fundamental sovereign attribute exercised by the government's political departments largely immune from judicial control.” | 7 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment: for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.