C.F.R. » Title 14 » CHAPTER I—FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION › SUBCHAPTER G—AIR CARRIERS AND OPERATORS FOR COMPENSATION OR HIRE: CERTIFICATION AND OPERATIONS › PART 135—OPERATING REQUIREMENTS: COMMUTER AND ON DEMAND OPERATIONS AND RULES GOVERNING PERSONS ON BOARD SUCH AIRCRAFT › Subpart A—General

14 C.F.R. § 135.25

Aircraft requirements

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(a) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, no certificate holder may operate an aircraft under this part unless that aircraft—

(1) Is registered as a civil aircraft of the United States and carries an appropriate and current airworthiness certificate issued under this chapter; and

(2) Is in an airworthy condition and meets the applicable airworthiness requirements of this chapter, including those relating to identification and equipment.

(b) Each certificate holder must have the exclusive use of at least one aircraft that meets the requirements for at least one kind of operation authorized in the certificate holder's operations specifications. In addition, for each kind of operation for which the certificate holder does not have the exclusive use of an aircraft, the certificate holder must have available for use under a written agreement (including arrangements for performing required maintenance) at least one aircraft that meets the requirements for that kind of operation. However, this paragraph does not prohibit the operator from using or authorizing the use of the aircraft for other than operations under this part and does not require the certificate holder to have exclusive use of all aircraft that the certificate holder uses.

(c) For the purposes of paragraph (b) of this section, a person has exclusive use of an aircraft if that person has the sole possession, control, and use of it for flight, as owner, or has a written agreement (including arrangements for performing required maintenance), in effect when the aircraft is operated, giving the person that possession, control, and use for at least 6 consecutive months.

(d) A certificate holder may operate in common carriage, and for the carriage of mail, a civil aircraft which is leased or chartered to it without crew and is registered in a country which is a party to the Convention on International Civil Aviation if—

(1) The aircraft carries an appropriate airworthiness certificate issued by the country of registration and meets the registration and identification requirements of that country;

(2) The aircraft is of a type design which is approved under a U.S. type certificate and complies with all of the requirements of this chapter (14 CFR chapter I) that would be applicable to that aircraft were it registered in the United States, including the requirements which must be met for issuance of a U.S. standard airworthiness certificate (including type design conformity, condition for safe operation, and the noise, fuel venting, and engine emission requirements of this chapter), except that a U.S. registration certificate and a U.S. standard airworthiness certificate will not be issued for the aircraft;

(3) The aircraft is operated by U.S.-certificated airmen employed by the certificate holder; and

(4) The certificate holder files a copy of the aircraft lease or charter agreement with the FAA Aircraft Registry, Department of Transportation, 6400 South MacArthur Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK (Mailing address: P.O. Box 25504, Oklahoma City, OK 73125).

[Docket 16097, 43 FR 46783, Oct. 10, 1978, as amended by Amdt. 135-8, 45 FR 68649, Oct. 16, 1980; Amdt. 135-66, 62 FR 13257, Mar. 19, 1997]
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 6 cases (2 in the last 5 years), 1985–2026 · leading case: Thomas D. Hite v. Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd., 991 F.2d 17 (1st Cir. 1993).
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Thomas D. Hite v. Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd., 991 F.2d 17 (1st Cir. 1993). “25(a)(2), 14 C.F.R. 135.25(a)(2) (1989) (operating an aircraft that was not airworthy); and FAR 135.”
Hite v. Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd., 991 F.2d 16 (1st Cir. 1993). “25(a)(2), 14 C.F.R. 135.25(a)(2) (1989) (operating an aircraft that was not airworthy); and FAR 135.”
LEX BARKER, an individual, ISS AVIATION INC. (U.S.), a Wyoming Corp., & INSTANT Sec. Serv. INC. (DE), a Delaware Corp. v. CHEDDI JAGAN Int'l AIRPORT Corp., a foreign Corp., THE Coop. Repub. OF GUYANA, a foreign Gov't, RAMESH GHIR, an individual, JOHN DOE 1, an individual, & JOHN DOE 2, an individual (S.D. Fla. 2026). · cites it 2× “14 CFR § 135.25 (a)(1) (requires certification for all aircraft operated in the United States by a FAA approved certificate holder (i.”
United States v. Air Methods Corp. (D. Colo. 2020). “Plaintiff brought this action seeking civil penalties against Defendant for violating one or more of three FAA regulations: (1) 14 C.F.R. § 135.25 (a)(2), which prohibits a certificate holder from operating an aircraft unless it “[i]s in an airworthy condition”; (2) 14 C.”
Bruce McSwiggan v. Matthew Hatfield (E.D. Tenn. 2026). “Defendant failed to do so, and on August 1, 2024, the Nashville FSDO sent Defendant a notice of investigation for failure to comply with 14 C.F.R. § 135.25 (b), which requires the Certificate to have at least one aircraft listed on it.”
McPherson v. Union Oil Co., 628 F. Supp. 265 (S.D. Tex. 1985). “In addition, the plaintiff argues that the United States, through the FAA, has a duty to ensure that an aircraft remains in an airworthy condition even after the issuance of an air taxi certificate.”
— 14 C.F.R. § 135.25(a)(2) — 2 cases
Thomas D. Hite v. Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd., 991 F.2d 17 (1st Cir. 1993). “25(a)(2), 14 C.F.R. 135.25(a)(2) (1989) (operating an aircraft that was not airworthy); and FAR 135.”
Hite v. Nat'l Transp. Saf. Bd., 991 F.2d 16 (1st Cir. 1993). “25(a)(2), 14 C.F.R. 135.25(a)(2) (1989) (operating an aircraft that was not airworthy); and FAR 135.”
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