46 C.F.R. § 154.427

A membrane tank system must be designed for:

(a) Any static and dynamic loads with respect to plastic deformation and fatigue;

(b) Combined strains from static, dynamic, and thermal loads;

(c) Preventing collapse of the membrane from:

(1) Over-pressure in the interbarrier space;

(2) Vacuum in the cargo tank;

(3) Sloshing in a partially filled cargo tank; and

(4) Hull vibrations; and

(d) The deflections of the vessel's hull.