Colorado Revised Statutes

Colo. Rev. Stat. § 33-44-113 (2026)

Limitation of liability

✓ current as of July 2026

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The total amount of damages which may be recovered from a ski area operator by a skier who uses a ski area for the purpose of skiing or for the purpose of sliding downhill on snow or ice on skis, a toboggan, a sled, a tube, a skibob, a snowboard, or any other device and who is injured, excluding those associated with an injury occurring to a passenger while riding on a passenger tramway, shall not exceed one million dollars, present value, including any derivative claim by any other claimant, which shall not exceed two hundred fifty thousand dollars, present value, and including any claim attributable to noneconomic loss or injury, as defined in section 13-21-102.5 (2), C.R.S., whether past damages, future damages, or a combination of both, which shall not exceed two hundred fifty thousand dollars. If, upon good cause shown, the court determines that the present value of the amount of lost past earnings and the present value of lost future earnings, or the present value of past medical and other health-care costs and the present value of the amount of future medical and other health-care costs, or both, when added to the present value of other past damages and the present value of other future damages, would exceed such limitation and that the application of such limitation would be unfair, the court may award damages in excess of the limitation equal to the present value of additional future damages, but only for the loss of such excess future earnings, or such excess future medical and other health-care costs, or both. For purposes of this section, "present value" has the same meaning as that set forth in section 13-64-202 (7), C.R.S., and "past damages" has the same meaning as that set forth in section 13-64-202 (6), C.R.S. The existence of the limitations and exceptions thereto provided in this section shall not be disclosed to a jury.

Source: L. 90: Entire section added, p. 1543, § 7, effective July 1.

Editor's note: The act amending provisions of this article included a nonstatutory legislative declaration in section 1 of chapter 256 (SB 90-80), Session Laws of Colorado 1990, that the Colorado Supreme Court considered in deciding Stamp v. Vail, 172 P.3d 437 (Colo. 2007), annotated below.

Cross references: For the legislative declaration contained in the 1990 act enacting this section, see section 1 of chapter 256, Session Laws of Colorado 1990.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 4 cases, 1998–2016 · leading case: Stamp v. Vail Corp., 172 P.3d 437 (Colo. 2007).

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Stamp v. Vail Corp., 172 P.3d 437 (Colo. 2007). · cites it 6× “§ 33-44-113, C.R.S. (2007) (emphasis added).”

Bayer v. Crested Butte Mountain Resort, Inc., 960 P.2d 70 (Colo. 1998). · cites it 10× “Another example of the General Assembly's careful distinctions between ski slope and ski lift accident liability is found in section 33-44-113. This provision limits the amount of damages recoverable from a ski lift operator for accidents that occur while skiing but specifically…”

Fleury v. Intrawest Winter Park Operations Corp., 411 P.3d 81 (Colo. Ct. App. 2014). “See § 33-44-113. ¶ 4 The court held that the avalanche that killed Mr.”

Fleury v. IntraWest Winter Park Operations Corp, 2016 CO 41 (Colo. 2016). · cites it 4× “(2015), and a one-million-dollar cap on damages that may be recovered by a skier injured while using a ski area, § 33-44-113, C.R.S. (2015). ¶36 In sum, although the General Assembly easily could have added “avalanches” to its extensive list of inherent dangers and risks in…”

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