Florida Statutes

Fla. Stat. § 843.31 (2025)

Approaching a first responder with specified intent after a warning.

✓ 2025 Florida Statutes — current through the 2025 Regular Session
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843.31 Approaching a first responder with specified intent after a warning.
(1) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “First responder” includes a law enforcement officer as defined in s. 943.10(1), a correctional probation officer as defined in s. 943.10(3), a firefighter as defined in s. 784.07(1), and an emergency medical care provider as defined in s. 784.07(1).
(b) “Harass” means to willfully engage in a course of conduct directed at a first responder which intentionally causes substantial emotional distress in that first responder and serves no legitimate purpose.
(2)(a) It is unlawful for a person, after receiving a verbal warning not to approach from a person he or she knows or reasonably should know is a first responder, who is engaged in the lawful performance of a legal duty, to knowingly and willfully violate such warning and approach or remain within 25 feet of the first responder with the intent to:
1. Impede or interfere with the first responder’s ability to perform such duty;
2. Threaten the first responder with physical harm; or
3. Harass the first responder.
(b) A person who violates this subsection commits a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.s. 1, ch. 2024-85.

Arrestable Offenses under F.S. 843.31

M = misdemeanor · F = felony · degree: F=1st S=2nd T=3rd
§843.31(2a1)OBSTRUCTINTERFERE WITH FIRST RESPONDER ON DUTYM · 2nd
§843.31(2a2)INTIMIDATIONTHREATEN FIRST RESPONDER W PHYSICAL HARMM · 2nd
§843.31(2a3)HARASSING COMMUNICATIONHARASS FIRST RESPONDER ON DUTYM · 2nd
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 1 case (1 in the last 5 years), 2025–2025 · leading case: Dalton v. City of Largo (M.D. Fla. 2025).
Dalton v. City of Largo (M.D. Fla. 2025). · cites it 2× “§ 843.31(1)(b).4 As to all three offenses, Dalton fails to plausibly allege that Blitz arrested her without probable cause.”
— 843.31(1)(b) — 1 case
Dalton v. City of Largo (M.D. Fla. 2025). “§ 843.31(1)(b).4 As to all three offenses, Dalton fails to plausibly allege that Blitz arrested her without probable cause.”
— 843.31(2)(a) — 1 case
Dalton v. City of Largo (M.D. Fla. 2025). “§ 843.31(1)(b).4 As to all three offenses, Dalton fails to plausibly allege that Blitz arrested her without probable cause.”
Annotations are extracted automatically from the opinions in the Syfert caselaw corpus and ranked by authority, recency, and treatment. Dots show Syfertize treatment of the citing case itself.

This Florida statute resource is curated by Graham W. Syfert, Esq., a Jacksonville, Florida criminal defense attorney (Florida Bar No. 39104). Attorney Syfert regularly handles Chapter 843 matters in the context of obstruction and resisting charges and represents clients throughout Northeast Florida. For legal consultation, call 904-383-7448.