Iowa Code

Iowa Code § 489.407 (2026)

Management of limited liability company

✓ current as of July 2026
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1. A limited liability company is a member-managed limited liability company unless the operating agreement does any of the following:

a. Expressly provides that any of the following apply:

(1) The limited liability company is or will be “manager-managed”.

(2) The limited liability company is or will be “managed by managers”.

(3) Management of the limited liability company is or will be “vested in managers”.

b. Includes words of similar import.

2. In a member-managed limited liability company, all of the following rules apply:

a. Except as expressly provided in this chapter, the management and conduct of the limited liability company are vested in the members.

b. Each member has equal rights in the management and conduct of the limited liability company’s activities and affairs.

c. A difference arising among members as to a matter in the ordinary course of the activities and affairs of the limited liability company may be decided by a majority of the members.

d. The affirmative vote or consent of all the members is required to do any of the following:

(1) Sell, lease, exchange, or otherwise dispose of all, or substantially all, of the limited liability company’s property, with or without good will, outside the ordinary course of the company’s activities.

(2) Undertake an act outside the ordinary course of the activities and affairs of the limited liability company.

(3) Approve a merger, interest exchange, conversion, or domestication under subchapter \n

(4) Amend the operating agreement.

3. In a manager-managed limited liability company, all of the following rules apply:

a. Except as expressly provided in this chapter, any matter relating to the activities and affairs of the limited liability company is decided exclusively by the manager, or, if there is more than one manager, by a majority of the managers.

b. Each manager has equal rights in the management and conduct of the activities and affairs of the limited liability company.

c. The affirmative vote or consent of all members is required to do any of the following:

(1) Sell, lease, exchange, or otherwise dispose of all, or substantially all, of the limited liability company’s property, with or without goodwill, outside the ordinary course of the company’s activities.

(2) Undertake any other act outside the ordinary course of the limited liability company’s activities and affairs.

(3) Approve a merger, interest exchange, conversion, or domestication under subchapter \n

(4) Amend the operating agreement.

d. A manager may be chosen at any time by the affirmative vote or consent of a majority of the members and remains a manager until a successor has been chosen, unless the manager at an earlier time resigns, is removed, or dies, or, in the case of a manager that is not an individual, terminates. A manager may be removed at any time by the affirmative vote or consent of a majority of the members without notice or cause.

e. A person need not be a member to be a manager, but the dissociation of a member that is also a manager removes the person as a manager. If a person that is both a manager and a member ceases to be a manager, that cessation does not by itself dissociate the person as a member.

f. A person’s ceasing to be a manager does not discharge any debt, obligation, or other liability to the limited liability company or members which the person incurred while a manager.

4. An action requiring the vote or consent of members under this chapter may be taken without a meeting, and a member may appoint a proxy or other agent to vote, consent, or otherwise act for the member by signing an appointing record, personally or by the member’s agent. \n Tue Dec 09 22:07:31 2025 Iowa Code 2026, Chapter 489 (303, 2) 29 UNIFORM LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY ACT, §489.408\n\n 5. The dissolution of a limited liability company does not affect the applicability of this section. However, a person that wrongfully causes dissolution of the company loses the right to participate in management as a member and a manager.

6. A limited liability company shall reimburse a member for an advance to the company beyond the amount of capital the member agreed to contribute.

7. A payment or advance made by a member which gives rise to a limited liability company obligation under subsection 6 or section 489.408, subsection 1, constitutes a loan to the company which accrues interest from the date of the payment or advance.

8. A member is not entitled to remuneration for services performed for a member-managed limited liability company, except for reasonable compensation for services rendered in winding up the activities of the company. 2008 Acts, ch 1162, §37, 155; 2019 Acts, ch 26, §54; 2023 Acts, ch 152, §41, 161 Referred to in §489.102, 489.408, 489.702 \n

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 7 cases (4 in the last 5 years), 2013–2025 · leading case: Masterguard, L.P. v. Eco Tech. Int'l LLC D/B/A Yellowblue, 441 S.W.3d 367 (Tex. App. 2013).
Masterguard, L.P. v. Eco Tech. Int'l LLC D/B/A Yellowblue, 441 S.W.3d 367 (Tex. App. 2013). · cites it 2× “(citing Iowa Code § 489.407 ). Under section 489.”
Myria Holdings Inc. & Subs v. Iowa Dep't of Revenue, 892 N.W.2d 343 (Iowa 2017). “§ 489.407(1)-(3). In both contexts, an entity’s owners may also hold the power of control—the right to manage, direct, and oversee the entity.”
Hunter Three Farms, LLC v. Richard Hunter, individually & as member of Hunter Three Farms, LLC (Iowa Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 37× “Understandably, given the wide array of potential business ventures, there is no comparable laundry list for acts that fall within—rather than outside of—the ordinary course of business. But we think it unlikely any reasonable list would omit enforcing a member’s fiduciary…”
Hunter Three Farms, LLC v. Richard Hunter, individually & as a member of Hunter Three Farms, LLC (Iowa 2025). · cites it 9× “” Iowa Code § 489.407 (2)(d) (2021). Richard then claimed that the LLC’s decision to file a lawsuit against him was not an ordinary business decision and was outside the ordinary course of activities for the company.”
Homeland Energy Solutions, LLC v. Steven J. Retterath, Jason Retterath & Annie Retterath (Iowa 2020). · cites it 8× “Iowa Code § 489.407 (3)(d)(3). Retterath and the intervenors argue that HES’s actions regarding the MURA were outside the ordinary course of HES’s activities.”
South Constr. & Insulation, LLC v. Iowa Workforce Dev. (Iowa Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 8× “’” (quoting Iowa Code § 489.407 (8), formerly § 489.407(6)).”
Sharon L. Kellogg v. Brian Kellogg, Derek Day, Diane M. Kellogg & D&K Ranch, L.C. (Iowa Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 2× “” See also Iowa Code § 489.407 (3)(d)(1). But under article 12.”
— Iowa Code § 489.407(1) — 1 case
Myria Holdings Inc. & Subs v. Iowa Dep't of Revenue, 892 N.W.2d 343 (Iowa 2017). “§ 489.407(1)-(3). In both contexts, an entity’s owners may also hold the power of control—the right to manage, direct, and oversee the entity.”
— Iowa Code § 489.407(1)(c) — 1 case
Hunter Three Farms, LLC v. Richard Hunter, individually & as member of Hunter Three Farms, LLC (Iowa Ct. App. 2024). “Understandably, given the wide array of potential business ventures, there is no comparable laundry list for acts that fall within—rather than outside of—the ordinary course of business. But we think it unlikely any reasonable list would omit enforcing a member’s fiduciary…”
— Iowa Code § 489.407(2) — 1 case
Hunter Three Farms, LLC v. Richard Hunter, individually & as member of Hunter Three Farms, LLC (Iowa Ct. App. 2024). “Understandably, given the wide array of potential business ventures, there is no comparable laundry list for acts that fall within—rather than outside of—the ordinary course of business. But we think it unlikely any reasonable list would omit enforcing a member’s fiduciary…”
— Iowa Code § 489.407(2)(a) — 1 case
Hunter Three Farms, LLC v. Richard Hunter, individually & as a member of Hunter Three Farms, LLC (Iowa 2025). “” Iowa Code § 489.407 (2)(d) (2021). Richard then claimed that the LLC’s decision to file a lawsuit against him was not an ordinary business decision and was outside the ordinary course of activities for the company.”
— Iowa Code § 489.407(2)(b) — 1 case
Hunter Three Farms, LLC v. Richard Hunter, individually & as a member of Hunter Three Farms, LLC (Iowa 2025). “” Iowa Code § 489.407 (2)(d) (2021). Richard then claimed that the LLC’s decision to file a lawsuit against him was not an ordinary business decision and was outside the ordinary course of activities for the company.”
— Iowa Code § 489.407(2)(c) — 2 cases
Hunter Three Farms, LLC v. Richard Hunter, individually & as member of Hunter Three Farms, LLC (Iowa Ct. App. 2024). “Understandably, given the wide array of potential business ventures, there is no comparable laundry list for acts that fall within—rather than outside of—the ordinary course of business. But we think it unlikely any reasonable list would omit enforcing a member’s fiduciary…”
Hunter Three Farms, LLC v. Richard Hunter, individually & as a member of Hunter Three Farms, LLC (Iowa 2025). “” Iowa Code § 489.407 (2)(d) (2021). Richard then claimed that the LLC’s decision to file a lawsuit against him was not an ordinary business decision and was outside the ordinary course of activities for the company.”
— Iowa Code § 489.407(2)(d) — 2 cases
Hunter Three Farms, LLC v. Richard Hunter, individually & as member of Hunter Three Farms, LLC (Iowa Ct. App. 2024). “Understandably, given the wide array of potential business ventures, there is no comparable laundry list for acts that fall within—rather than outside of—the ordinary course of business. But we think it unlikely any reasonable list would omit enforcing a member’s fiduciary…”
Hunter Three Farms, LLC v. Richard Hunter, individually & as a member of Hunter Three Farms, LLC (Iowa 2025). “” Iowa Code § 489.407 (2)(d) (2021). Richard then claimed that the LLC’s decision to file a lawsuit against him was not an ordinary business decision and was outside the ordinary course of activities for the company.”
— Iowa Code § 489.407(3)(d)(3) — 1 case
Homeland Energy Solutions, LLC v. Steven J. Retterath, Jason Retterath & Annie Retterath (Iowa 2020). “Iowa Code § 489.407 (3)(d)(3). Retterath and the intervenors argue that HES’s actions regarding the MURA were outside the ordinary course of HES’s activities.”
— Iowa Code § 489.407(6) — 1 case
South Constr. & Insulation, LLC v. Iowa Workforce Dev. (Iowa Ct. App. 2024). “’” (quoting Iowa Code § 489.407 (8), formerly § 489.407(6)).”
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