1. Except as otherwise provided in this section a contract for the sale of goods for the price of five hundred dollars or more is not enforceable by way of action or defense unless there is a record sufficient to indicate that a contract for sale has been made between the parties and signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought or by the party’s authorized agent or broker. A record is not insufficient because it omits or incorrectly states a term agreed upon but the contract is not enforceable under this subsection beyond the quantity of goods shown in the record.
2. Between merchants if within a reasonable time a record in confirmation of the contract and sufficient against the sender is received and the party receiving it has reason to know its contents, it satisfies the requirements of subsection 1 against the party unless notice in a record of objection to its contents is given within ten days after it is received.
3. A contract which does not satisfy the requirements of subsection 1 but which is valid in other respects is enforceable
a. if the goods are to be specially manufactured for the buyer and are not suitable for sale to others in the ordinary course of the seller’s business and the seller, before notice of repudiation is received and under circumstances which reasonably indicate that the goods are for the buyer, has made either a substantial beginning of their manufacture or commitments for their procurement; or
b. if the party against whom enforcement is sought admits in that party’s pleading, testimony or otherwise in court that a contract for sale was made, but the contract is not enforceable under this provision beyond the quantity of goods admitted; or\n\nTue Dec 09 22:02:40 2025 Iowa Code 2026, Chapter 554 (108, 4) 27 UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE, §554.2206\n\n c. with respect to goods for which payment has been made and accepted or which have been received and accepted (section 554.2606). [C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §9933; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, §554.4; C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §554.2201] 2024 Acts, ch 1023, §17 Referred to in §554.2209, 554.2326 \n
Notes of Decisions
Warder & Lee Elevator, Inc. v. Britten, 274 N.W.2d 339 (Iowa 1979).
· cites it 45× “He relied solely on the statute of frauds in § 554.2201, The Code. The elevator urged promissory estoppel in bar of the defense.”
Meylor v. Brown, 281 N.W.2d 632 (Iowa 1979).
· cites it 28× “See § 554.2201, The Code 1977; Warder & Lee Elevator, Inc.”
St. Ansgar Mills, Inc. v. Streit, 613 N.W.2d 289 (Iowa 2000).
· cites it 17× “See Iowa Code § 554.2201 (1). The statute of frauds originated in 17th century England to combat the use of fraud and perjury by litigants in court proceedings to establish oral contracts.”
M & W Farm Serv. Co. v. Callison, 285 N.W.2d 271 (Iowa 1979).
· cites it 9× “M & W also pleaded, as a bar to enforcement of Callison’s claims founded upon an oral agreement, section 554.2201, The Code (the Uniform Commercial Code Statute of Frauds).”
Packwood Elevator Co. v. Heisdorffer, 260 N.W.2d 543 (Iowa 1977).
· cites it 10× “Trial court in its findings and conclusions found that since the contract was oral and involved a sales price of over $500, section 554.2201 applied. However, it concluded that once defendant admitted the January 31 agreement, the defense of statute of frauds was no longer…”
McCubbin Seed Farm, Inc. v. Tri-Mor Sales, Inc., 257 N.W.2d 55 (Iowa 1977).
· cites it 11× “” Section 554.2201 provides in pertinent part: (1) Except as otherwise provided in this section a contract for the sale of goods for the price of five hundred dollars or more is not enforceable by way of action or defense unless there is some writing sufficient to indicate that…”
Bahnsen v. Rabe, 276 N.W.2d 413 (Iowa 1979).
· cites it 6× “Those objections should indicate that the contract is unenforceable under section 554.2201, The Code. See generally J.”
Sand Seed Serv., Inc. v. Poeckes, 249 N.W.2d 663 (Iowa 1977).
· cites it 4× “Poeckes raised the defense of statute of frauds under the Uniform Commercial Code, § 554.2201, the pertinent part of that statute is here set out: "1.”
Quad Cnty. Grain, Inc. v. Poe, 202 N.W.2d 118 (Iowa 1972).
· cites it 4× “At the close of plaintiff’s case defendant made a motion to dismiss in which he asserted plaintiff’s claimed oral agreement was within the Statute of Frauds and contrary to Code section 554.2201. The motion was overruled.”
Coachmen Indus., Inc. v. Sec. Trust & Sav. Bank of Shenandoah, 329 N.W.2d 648 (Iowa 1983).
· cites it 2× “2d 339, 341-42 (Iowa 1979) (doctrine of promissory estoppel not displaced by UCC statute of frauds section 554.2201). Because the doctrine is equitable, our review of evidence on this issue is de novo.”
— Iowa Code § 554.2201(1) — 6 cases
St. Ansgar Mills, Inc. v. Streit, 613 N.W.2d 289 (Iowa 2000).
“See Iowa Code § 554.2201 (1). The statute of frauds originated in 17th century England to combat the use of fraud and perjury by litigants in court proceedings to establish oral contracts.”
Quad Cnty. Grain, Inc. v. Poe, 202 N.W.2d 118 (Iowa 1972).
“At the close of plaintiff’s case defendant made a motion to dismiss in which he asserted plaintiff’s claimed oral agreement was within the Statute of Frauds and contrary to Code section 554.2201. The motion was overruled.”
— Iowa Code § 554.2201(2) — 4 cases
McCubbin Seed Farm, Inc. v. Tri-Mor Sales, Inc., 257 N.W.2d 55 (Iowa 1977).
“” Section 554.2201 provides in pertinent part: (1) Except as otherwise provided in this section a contract for the sale of goods for the price of five hundred dollars or more is not enforceable by way of action or defense unless there is some writing sufficient to indicate that…”
St. Ansgar Mills, Inc. v. Streit, 613 N.W.2d 289 (Iowa 2000).
“See Iowa Code § 554.2201 (1). The statute of frauds originated in 17th century England to combat the use of fraud and perjury by litigants in court proceedings to establish oral contracts.”
Packwood Elevator Co. v. Heisdorffer, 260 N.W.2d 543 (Iowa 1977).
“Trial court in its findings and conclusions found that since the contract was oral and involved a sales price of over $500, section 554.2201 applied. However, it concluded that once defendant admitted the January 31 agreement, the defense of statute of frauds was no longer…”
— Iowa Code § 554.2201(3)(a) — 1 case
— Iowa Code § 554.2201(3)(b) — 6 cases
Meylor v. Brown, 281 N.W.2d 632 (Iowa 1979).
“See § 554.2201, The Code 1977; Warder & Lee Elevator, Inc.”
M & W Farm Serv. Co. v. Callison, 285 N.W.2d 271 (Iowa 1979).
“M & W also pleaded, as a bar to enforcement of Callison’s claims founded upon an oral agreement, section 554.2201, The Code (the Uniform Commercial Code Statute of Frauds).”
Bahnsen v. Rabe, 276 N.W.2d 413 (Iowa 1979).
“Those objections should indicate that the contract is unenforceable under section 554.2201, The Code. See generally J.”
Packwood Elevator Co. v. Heisdorffer, 260 N.W.2d 543 (Iowa 1977).
“Trial court in its findings and conclusions found that since the contract was oral and involved a sales price of over $500, section 554.2201 applied. However, it concluded that once defendant admitted the January 31 agreement, the defense of statute of frauds was no longer…”
— Iowa Code § 554.2201(3)(c) — 1 case
M & W Farm Serv. Co. v. Callison, 285 N.W.2d 271 (Iowa 1979).
“M & W also pleaded, as a bar to enforcement of Callison’s claims founded upon an oral agreement, section 554.2201, The Code (the Uniform Commercial Code Statute of Frauds).”
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