Mont. Code Ann. » TITLE 87. FISH AND WILDLIFE · CHAPTER 4. COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES · Part 4. Alternative Livestock Ranches
Montana Code Annotated

Mont. Code Ann. § 87-4-406 (2026)

Definitions

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  1. MCA Contents
  2. TITLE 87
  3. CHAPTER 4
  4. Part 4
  5. 87-4-406 Definitions

TITLE 87. FISH AND WILDLIFE

CHAPTER 4. COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES

Part 4. Alternative Livestock Ranches

Definitions

87-4-406. Definitions. As used in this part, the following definitions apply:

(1) "Alternative livestock" means a privately owned caribou, white-tailed deer, mule deer, elk, moose, antelope, mountain sheep, or mountain goat indigenous to the state of Montana, a privately owned reindeer, or any other cloven-hoofed ungulate as classified by the department. Black bear and mountain lion must be regulated pursuant to Title 87, chapter 4, part 8.

(2) "Alternative livestock ranch" means the enclosed land area upon which alternative livestock may be kept for purposes of obtaining, rearing in captivity, keeping, or selling alternative livestock or parts of alternative livestock, as authorized under this part.

(3) "Cloven-hoofed ungulate" means an animal of the order Artiodactyla, except a member of the families suidae, camelidae, or hippopotamidae. The term does not include domestic pigs, domestic cows, domestic yaks, domestic sheep, domestic goats that are not naturally occurring in the wild in their country of origin, or bison.

(4) "Department" means the department of fish, wildlife, and parks.

(5) "Facilities" means perimeter fences and other enclosures that provide for the confinement, handling, and quarantine of alternative livestock.

(6) "Game animals" means game animals, as defined in 87-2-101, that are not the lawful property of any private person.

(7) "Person" means an individual, firm, corporation, association, or partnership.

History: En. Sec. 1, Ch. 570, L. 1983; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 540, L. 1985; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 315, L. 1993; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 503, L. 1995; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 322, L. 1999; amd. Sec. 7, Ch. 574, L. 1999.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 2 cases, 2002–2008 · leading case: Buhmann v. State, 2008 MT 465, 201 P.3d 70.
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Buhmann v. State, 2008 MT 465, 201 P.3d 70. · cites it 4× “[*] District Court Judge DEBORAH KIM CHRISTOPHER sitting for Justice JOHN WARNER. [1] The Court prefers the term "game farm.”
Spoklie v. Dept. of Fish, 2002 MT 228, 56 P.3d 349. · cites it 3× “” Section 87-4-406(5), MCA. “Fee” is commonly understood as: “[a] fixed sum charged, as by an institution or by law for a privilege.”
Mont. Code Ann. § 87-4-406(2): 1 case
Buhmann v. State, 2008 MT 465, 201 P.3d 70. “[*] District Court Judge DEBORAH KIM CHRISTOPHER sitting for Justice JOHN WARNER. [1] The Court prefers the term "game farm.”
Mont. Code Ann. § 87-4-406(5): 1 case
Spoklie v. Dept. of Fish, 2002 MT 228, 56 P.3d 349. “” Section 87-4-406(5), MCA. “Fee” is commonly understood as: “[a] fixed sum charged, as by an institution or by law for a privilege.”
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