N.M. Stat. » Chapter 12 — Miscellaneous Public Affairs Matters
New Mexico Statutes

N.M. Stat. § 12-10A-19 (2026)

Enforcement; civil penalties

✓ laws through the 2025 session (retrieved May 2026)
Find cases: SyfertCases citing this section NM-LEGnmonesource.com JustiaChapter on Justia CornellLII Search CasesGoogle Scholar

A. The secretary of health, the secretary of public safety or the director may enforce the provisions of the Public Health Emergency Response Act by imposing a civil administrative penalty of up to five thousand dollars ($5,000) for each violation of that act. A civil administrative penalty may be imposed pursuant to a written order issued by the secretary of health, the secretary of public safety or the director after a hearing is held in accordance with the rules promulgated pursuant to the provisions of Section 12- 10A-17 NMSA 1978.

B. The provisions of the Public Health Emergency Response Act shall not be construed to limit specific enforcement powers enumerated in that act.

C. The enforcement authority provided pursuant to the provisions of the Public Health Emergency Response Act is in addition to other remedies available against the same conduct under the common law or other statutes of this state.

History: Laws 2003, ch. 218, § 19; 2005, ch. 22, § 3.

ANNOTATIONS

Compiler's notes. — This section was enacted by the legislature as part of Chapter 12, Article 10 NMSA 1978, but it was assigned to Article 10A by the compiler to separate it from the State Civil Emergency Preparedness Act.

The 2005 amendment, effective July 1, 2005, restated the statutory reference as Section 12-10A-17 NMSA 1978.

Valid enforcement of public health emergency orders. — Where governor Michelle Lujan Grisham issued an executive order that a public health emergency existed in New Mexico due to the spread of COVID-19, invoked her powers under the All Hazard Emergency Management Act (AHEMA), §§ 12-10-1 to 12-10-10 NMSA 1978, and declared a public health emergency under the Public Health Emergency Response Act (PHERA), §§ 12-10A-1 to 12-10A-19 NMSA 1978, pursuant to 12-10A-5 NMSA 1978, and where the secretary of the New Mexico department of health, citing the governor's executive orders, the PHERA, the Public Health Act (PHA), §§ 24-1-1 to 24-1-41 NMSA 1978, the Department of Health Act, §§ 9-7-1 to 9-7-18 NMSA 1978, and inherent constitutional powers, issued a series of public health emergency orders which restricted mass gatherings and the operations of certain businesses, requiring some to close entirely, and where approximately fourteen small businesses and business owners, the real parties in interest, filed suit against petitioners seeking declaratory relief to the effect that the secretary of health's emergency orders during the COVID-19 crisis are not authorized by the PHERA, and therefore the PHERA's penalty provision, 12-10A-19 NMSA 1978, is inapplicable, and where petitioners filed a petition for writ of superintending control and stay to resolve whether the emergency orders temporarily restricting business operations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic are authorized by and enforceable under the PHERA, the New Mexico supreme court granted the writ of superintending control, concluding that the legislature, through the PHERA, authorized petitioners to respond to a public health emergency through measures including the secretary of health's emergency orders temporarily restricting business operations, and petitioners may therefore utilize the PHERA's civil administrative penalty provision to enforce the secretary of health's emergency orders restricting business operations. Grisham v. Reeb, 2021-NMSC-006.

Public health order was not ultra vires or arbitrary and capricious. — Where, following the secretary of the department of health's (secretary) reinstatement of a ban on indoor dining, pursuant to an emergency health order issued to combat the spread of the coronavirus in New Mexico, six food and drink establishments (real parties in interest) filed an application in the district court seeking a temporary restraining order (TRO) and a preliminary and permanent injunction against governor Lujan Grisham and the secretary, claiming that the indoor dining ban is ultra vires and not enforceable and is unreasonable, arbitrary and capricious, and where the district court issued a temporary restraining order restraining governor Lujan Grisham and the secretary from enforcing the restrictions imposed upon restaurants and breweries, and where petitioners filed an emergency petition for a writ of superintending control and stay of the TRO, the New Mexico supreme court, taking judicial notice of the serious health risks posed by COVID-19, a highly contagious and potentially fatal disease, the disease's transmission within New Mexico, and the emergency orders issued by governor Lujan Grisham and the secretary, held that it was within the secretary's statutory authority to issue the public health order banning indoor dining, because the public health order does not infringe on the legislative branch by imposing through executive order substantive policy changes in an area of law reserved to the legislature, and the unique risks of indoor dining and the increased COVID-19 cases among New Mexico restaurant staff during the time period when indoor dining restrictions were relaxed show a real and substantial relation between the public health order's temporary prohibition and object of controlling and suppressing the spread of COVID-19. Lujan Grisham v. Romero, 2021-NMSC-009.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 4 cases (3 in the last 5 years), 2020–2023 · leading case: Grisham v. Reeb, 2021-NMSC-006, 480 P.3d 852.
Sort: Relevance Newest Treatment
Grisham v. Reeb, 2021-NMSC-006, 480 P.3d 852. · cites it 16× “{1} Although this case involves numerous parties, intersecting statutes, and intricate arguments, the key question raised is rather straightforward: Did New Mexico’s Legislature empower Petitioners to enforce public health emergency orders restricting business operations through…”
Lujan Grisham v. Romero, 2021-NMSC-009, 483 P.3d 545. · cites it 2× “, Reeb, 2021-NMSC-006, ¶ 1 (addressing the question of whether an executive action taken was authorized by a legislative delegation of power pursuant to Section 12-10A-19 of the PHERA). As the crisis continues, the boundary between the executive, legislative, and judicial…”
State v. Wilson, 2021-NMSC-022, 489 P.3d 925. · cites it 3× “Section 12-10A-19(B). “The PHERA conveys broad and concurrent authority to coordinate a response to a public health emergency, and its penalty provision is explicitly ‘in addition to’ remedies available under other statutes or the common law.”
Montoya v. N.M. Tax'n & Revenue Dep't (N.M. Ct. App. 2023). · cites it 4× “{12} In Reeb, our Supreme Court was called upon to answer the following question regarding executive authority during the public health emergency: “Did New Mexico’s Legislature empower [executive branch officials] to enforce public health emergency orders restricting business…”
N.M. Stat. § 12-10A-19(A): 1 case
Grisham v. Reeb, 2021-NMSC-006, 480 P.3d 852. “{1} Although this case involves numerous parties, intersecting statutes, and intricate arguments, the key question raised is rather straightforward: Did New Mexico’s Legislature empower Petitioners to enforce public health emergency orders restricting business operations through…”
N.M. Stat. § 12-10A-19(B): 2 cases
Grisham v. Reeb, 2021-NMSC-006, 480 P.3d 852. “{1} Although this case involves numerous parties, intersecting statutes, and intricate arguments, the key question raised is rather straightforward: Did New Mexico’s Legislature empower Petitioners to enforce public health emergency orders restricting business operations through…”
State v. Wilson, 2021-NMSC-022, 489 P.3d 925. “Section 12-10A-19(B). “The PHERA conveys broad and concurrent authority to coordinate a response to a public health emergency, and its penalty provision is explicitly ‘in addition to’ remedies available under other statutes or the common law.”
Annotations are extracted automatically from the opinions in the Syfert caselaw corpus and ranked by authority, recency, and treatment. Dots show Syfertize treatment of the citing case itself.