New York Consolidated Laws

N.Y. Domestic Relations Law § 110 (2026)

Who may adopt; effect of article

✓ current as of May 2026
Find cases: SyfertCases citing this section NY-LEGnysenate.gov Justiaon Justia CornellLII Search CasesGoogle Scholar
§ 110. Who may adopt; effect of article.  An adult unmarried person,
an adult married couple together, or any two unmarried adult intimate
partners together may adopt another person. An adult married person who
is living separate and apart from his or her spouse pursuant to a decree
or judgment of separation or pursuant to a written agreement of
separation subscribed by the parties thereto and acknowledged or proved
in the form required to entitle a deed to be recorded or an adult
married person who has been living separate and apart from his or her
spouse for at least three years prior to commencing an adoption
proceeding may adopt another person; provided, however, that the person
so adopted shall not be deemed the child or step-child of the
non-adopting spouse for the purposes of inheritance or support rights or
obligations or for any other purposes. An adult or minor married couple
together may adopt a child of either of them born in or out of wedlock
and an adult or minor spouse may adopt such a child of the other spouse.
No person shall hereafter be adopted except in pursuance of this
article, and in conformity with section three hundred seventy-three of
the social services law.
  An adult married person who has executed a legally enforceable
separation agreement or is a party to a marriage in which a valid decree
of separation has been entered or has been living separate and apart
from his or her spouse for at least three years prior to commencing an
adoption proceeding and who becomes or has been the custodian of a child
placed in their care as a result of court ordered foster care may apply
to such authorized agency for placement of said child with them for the
purpose of adoption. Final determination of the propriety of said
adoption of such foster child, however, shall be within the sole
discretion of the court, as otherwise provided herein.
  Adoption is the legal proceeding whereby a person takes another person
into the relation of child and thereby acquires the rights and incurs
the responsibilities of parent in respect of such other person.
  A proceeding conducted in pursuance of this article shall constitute a
judicial proceeding. An order of adoption or abrogation made therein by
a surrogate or by a judge shall have the force and effect of and shall
be entitled to all the presumptions attaching to a judgment rendered by
a court of general jurisdiction in a common law action.
  No adoption heretofore lawfully made shall be abrogated by the
enactment of this article. All such adoptions shall have the effect of
lawful adoptions hereunder.
  Nothing in this article in regard to a minor adopted pursuant hereto
inheriting from the adoptive parent applies to any will, devise or trust
made or created before June twenty-fifth, eighteen hundred
seventy-three, nor alters, changes or interferes with such will, devise
or trust. As to any such will, devise or trust a minor adopted before
that date is not an heir so as to alter estates or trusts or devises in
wills so made or created. Nothing in this article in regard to an adult
adopted pursuant hereto inheriting from the adoptive parent applies to
any will, devise or trust made or created before April twenty-second,
nineteen hundred fifteen, nor alters, changes or interferes with such
will, devise or trust. As to any such will, devise or trust an adult so
adopted is not an heir so as to alter estates or trusts or devises in
wills so made or created.
  It shall be unlawful to preclude a prospective adoptive parent or
parents solely on the basis that the adoptor or adopters has had, or has
cancer, or any other disease. Nothing herein shall prevent the rejection
of a prospective applicant based upon his or her poor health or limited
life expectancy.
  A petition to adopt, pursuant to the terms of this article, where the
petitioner's parentage is legally-recognized under New York State law
shall not be denied solely on the basis that the petitioner's parentage
is already legally-recognized.
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 50 cases (3 in the last 5 years), 1986–2025 · leading case: Matter of Jacob, 660 N.E.2d 397 (N.Y. 1995).
Matter of Jacob, 660 N.E.2d 397 (N.Y. 1995). · cites it 42× “Under the New York adoption statute, a single person can adopt a child (Domestic Relations Law § 110). Equally clear is the right of a single homosexual to adopt ( see , 18 NYCRR 421.”
Matter of Baby Boy C., 638 N.E.2d 963 (N.Y. 1994). · cites it 12× “The Surrogate also found that the children would likely be prejudiced if appellant were permitted to revoke his consents and agreements of adoption in that, under Domestic Relations Law § 110 as then in effect, respondent, as an adult married *98 person, could only adopt the…”
In re Sebastian, 25 Misc. 3d 567 (N.Y. Sur. Ct. 2009). · cites it 5× “Similarly, adoption statutes established legal parentage for married couples who were biological/genetic strangers to a child (Domestic Relations Law § 110). Adoption also permitted an unrelated person, married to a child’s mother or father subsequent to the child’s birth, to…”
In re the Adoption of Carl, 184 Misc. 2d 646 (N.Y.C. Fam. Ct. 2000). · cites it 7× “An adult mar *649 ried person who is living separate and apart from his or her spouse pursuant to a decree or judgment of separation or pursuant to a written agreement of separation subscribed by the parties thereto * * * or an adult married person who has been living separate…”
In re the Adoption of Carolyn B., 6 A.D.3d 67 (N.Y. App. Div. 2004). · cites it 4× “On this appeal, we' are called upon to decide a question expressly left unanswered in Jacob: whether two unmarried adults may jointly adopt a child who is the biological child of neither of them (see id.”
In re the Adoption of A., 189 Misc. 2d 500 (N.Y.C. Fam. Ct. 2001). · cites it 5× “Under the clear language of Domestic Relations Law § 110, an unmarried person has standing to adopt.”
Braschi v. Stahl Assocs. Co., 543 N.E.2d 49 (N.Y. 1989). “We also reject respondent’s argument that the purpose of the noneviction provision of the rent-control laws is to control the orderly succession to real property in a manner similar to that which occurs under our State’s intestacy laws (EPTL 4-1.”
In re Raquel Marie X., 76 N.Y.2d 387 (N.Y. 1990). “Indeed, since the State permits adoption by a single adult (Domestic Relations Law § 110), this argument also fails.”
In re Jessalyn AA., 276 A.D.2d 97 (N.Y. App. Div. 2001). · cites it 4× “Upon review of the petition and supporting documents, Family Court, in a written opinion, determined that petitioner lacked standing in that Domestic Relations Law § 110 does not permit adoption by a married person whose spouse does not join in the application and dismissed the…”
Matter of Lydia A.C. v. Gregory E.S., 155 A.D.3d 1680 (N.Y. App. Div. 2017). “In March 2015, respondent-petitioner father and his spouse filed a petition seeking to adopt the child together {see generally Domestic Relations Law § 110). In June 2015, petitioner-respondent mother filed a petition seeking to modify the existing order of custody and…”
In re Evan, 153 Misc. 2d 844 (N.Y. Sur. Ct. 1992). “Under New York law, "[a]n adult unmarried person or an adult husband and his adult wife together may adopt another person” (Domestic Relations Law § 110). As an unmarried adult, Diane is thus qualified to adopt.”
T.V. v. New York State Dep't of Health, 88 A.D.3d 290 (N.Y. App. Div. 2011). “Although adoption, the legal process by which a parent/child relationship is created where none previously existed (see Domestic Relations Law § 110), remains an “alternate remedy,” to argue that the Genetic Mother was adequately protected based on this alternative…”
Annotations are extracted automatically from the opinions in the Syfert caselaw corpus and ranked by authority, recency, and treatment. Dots show Syfertize treatment of the citing case itself.