Ohio Revised Code

Ohio Rev. Code § 1303.24 (2026)

Indorsement - UCC 3-204

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(A)(1) "Indorsement" means a signature, other than that of a signer as maker, drawer, or acceptor, that alone or accompanied by other words is made on an instrument for any of the following purposes:

(a) To negotiate the instrument;

(b) To restrict payment of the instrument;

(c) To incur the indorser's liability on the instrument.

(2) Regardless of the intent of the signer, a signature and its accompanying words is an "indorsement" unless the accompanying words, terms of the instrument, place of the signature, or other circumstances unambiguously indicate that the signature was made for a purpose other than indorsement. For the purpose of determining whether a signature is made on an instrument, a paper affixed to the instrument is a part of the instrument.

(B) "Indorser" means a person who makes an indorsement.

(C) For the purpose of determining whether the transferee of an instrument is a holder, an indorsement that transfers a security interest in the instrument is effective as an unqualified indorsement of the instrument.

(D) If an instrument is payable to a holder under a name that is not the name of the holder, indorsement may be made by the holder in the name stated in the instrument or in the holder's name or both, but signatures in both names may be required by a person paying or taking the instrument for value or collection.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 25 cases (5 in the last 5 years), 2009–2026 · leading case: In re Wells, 407 B.R. 873 (Bankr. N.D. Ohio 2009).
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In re Wells, 407 B.R. 873 (Bankr. N.D. Ohio 2009). · cites it 4× “Ohio Rev.Code §§ 1303.24(A)(1)(a), 1303.21(A); see also U.”
SMS Fin. XXVI, L.L.C. v. Waxman Chabad Ctr., 2021-Ohio-4174, 180 N.E.3d 730. · cites it 4× “See R.C. 1303.24.” Journal entry No. 90655629 (Aug.”
Deutsche Bank Natl. Trust Co. v. Rudolph, 2012-Ohio-6141. · cites it 2× “to the original note and was not affixed in accordance with R.C. 1303.24.” Rudolph further argued that if Deutsche is not the holder of the note, there is no justiciable controversy between the parties, and the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction.”
Wiltshire Capital Partners v. Reflections II, Inc., 2020-Ohio-3468, 154 N.E.3d 1036. “" R.C. 1303.24(A)(1)(a). {¶ 33} To identify the holder of a particular note, courts examine the face of the note, as well as any indorsements.”
U.S. Bank Nat'l Ass'n v. Courthouse Crossing Acquisitions, LLC, 2017-Ohio-9231, 101 N.E.3d 1243. · cites it 2× “"Except for negotiation by a remitter, if an instrument is payable to an identified person, negotiation requires transfer of possession of the instrument and its indorsement by the holder." R.C. 1303.”
Nationstar Mtge. L.L.C. v. Payne, 2017-Ohio-513. “" R.C. 1303.24(A)(1)(a). A holder may make either a special or blank indorsement.”
Christiana Trust v. Barth, 2017-Ohio-6924. · cites it 2× “R.C. 1303.24 provides: “For the purpose of determining whether a signature is made on an instrument, a paper affixed to the instrument is a part of the instrument.”
Bank of New York Mellon v. Fisher, 2020-Ohio-4742. · cites it 2× “R.C. 1303.24 describes indorsement as “a signature, other than that of a signer as maker, drawer, or acceptor, that alone or accompanied by other words” negotiates the instrument.”
U.S. Bank, N.A. v. Bennett, 2012-Ohio-2700. · cites it 4× “{¶37} The Official Comment to R.C. 1303.24 offers a helpful explanation of the purpose and role of subsection (D): 3.”
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. v. Byers, 2014-Ohio-3303. “{¶ 20} Initially, from the record before us, we are unable to determine if the indorsements by Barclays, Norwest, and BU were on an allonge to the note or on the original note. The record before us is an electronic file, which prevents us from examining the original papers.”
U.S. Bank Natl. Assn. v. George, 2020-Ohio-6758, 164 N.E.3d 1096. · cites it 2× “R.C. 1303.24(A)(1). {¶ 33} R.C. 1303.36(A) provides that, "[u]nless specifically denied in the pleadings, in an action with respect to an instrument, the authenticity of, and authority to make, each signature on an instrument is admitted.”
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. v. Freed, 2012-Ohio-5941. “See R.C. 1303.24(A)(2). 3 There were numerous filings, and motions for summary judgment, at the trial level on behalf of both parties.”
Show all 25 citing cases →
Ohio Rev. Code § 1303.24(A)(1): 5 cases
Bank of New York Mellon v. Fisher, 2020-Ohio-4742. “R.C. 1303.24 describes indorsement as “a signature, other than that of a signer as maker, drawer, or acceptor, that alone or accompanied by other words” negotiates the instrument.”
Fed. Natl. Mtge. Assn. v. McFerren, 2018-Ohio-5319.
U.S. Bank Natl. Assn. v. George, 2020-Ohio-6758, 164 N.E.3d 1096. “R.C. 1303.24(A)(1). {¶ 33} R.C. 1303.36(A) provides that, "[u]nless specifically denied in the pleadings, in an action with respect to an instrument, the authenticity of, and authority to make, each signature on an instrument is admitted.”
Reverse Mtge., L.L.C. v. Miller, 2024-Ohio-2417.
BAC Home Loans Servicing, L.P. v. Blythe, 2013-Ohio-5775.
Ohio Rev. Code § 1303.24(A)(1)(a): 4 cases
In re Wells, 407 B.R. 873 (Bankr. N.D. Ohio 2009). “Ohio Rev.Code §§ 1303.24(A)(1)(a), 1303.21(A); see also U.”
Wiltshire Capital Partners v. Reflections II, Inc., 2020-Ohio-3468, 154 N.E.3d 1036. “" R.C. 1303.24(A)(1)(a). {¶ 33} To identify the holder of a particular note, courts examine the face of the note, as well as any indorsements.”
Nationstar Mtge. L.L.C. v. Payne, 2017-Ohio-513. “" R.C. 1303.24(A)(1)(a). A holder may make either a special or blank indorsement.”
Romano's Carryout, Inc. v. P.F. Chang's China Bistro, Inc., 964 N.E.2d 1102 (Ohio Ct. App. 10th Dist. 2011).
Ohio Rev. Code § 1303.24(A)(2): 11 cases
In re Wells, 407 B.R. 873 (Bankr. N.D. Ohio 2009). “Ohio Rev.Code §§ 1303.24(A)(1)(a), 1303.21(A); see also U.”
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. v. Byers, 2014-Ohio-3303. “{¶ 20} Initially, from the record before us, we are unable to determine if the indorsements by Barclays, Norwest, and BU were on an allonge to the note or on the original note. The record before us is an electronic file, which prevents us from examining the original papers.”
Deutsche Bank Natl. Trust Co. v. Rudolph, 2012-Ohio-6141. “to the original note and was not affixed in accordance with R.C. 1303.24.” Rudolph further argued that if Deutsche is not the holder of the note, there is no justiciable controversy between the parties, and the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction.”
Christiana Trust v. Barth, 2017-Ohio-6924. “R.C. 1303.24 provides: “For the purpose of determining whether a signature is made on an instrument, a paper affixed to the instrument is a part of the instrument.”
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. v. Freed, 2012-Ohio-5941. “See R.C. 1303.24(A)(2). 3 There were numerous filings, and motions for summary judgment, at the trial level on behalf of both parties.”
Ohio Rev. Code § 1303.24(D): 1 case
U.S. Bank, N.A. v. Bennett, 2012-Ohio-2700. “{¶37} The Official Comment to R.C. 1303.24 offers a helpful explanation of the purpose and role of subsection (D): 3.”
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