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Ohio Revised Code

Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11 (2026)

Passing bad checks

✓ current as of May 2026
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Effective:
September 1, 2021
Latest Legislation:
House Bill 133 - 134th General Assembly
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(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Check" includes any form of debit from a demand deposit account, including, but not limited to any of the following:

(a) A check, bill of exchange, draft, order of withdrawal, or similar negotiable or non-negotiable instrument;

(b) An electronic check, electronic transaction, debit card transaction, check card transaction, substitute check, web check, or any form of automated clearing house transaction.

(2) "Issue a check" means causing any form of debit from a demand deposit account.

(B) No person, with purpose to defraud, shall issue or transfer or cause to be issued or transferred a check or other negotiable instrument, knowing that it will be dishonored or knowing that a person has ordered or will order stop payment on the check or other negotiable instrument.

(C) For purposes of this section, a person who issues or transfers a check or other negotiable instrument is presumed to know that it will be dishonored if either of the following occurs:

(1) The drawer had no account with the drawee at the time of issue or the stated date, whichever is later;

(2) The check or other negotiable instrument was properly refused payment for insufficient funds upon presentment within thirty days after issue or the stated date, whichever is later, and the liability of the drawer, indorser, or any party who may be liable thereon is not discharged by payment or satisfaction within ten days after receiving notice of dishonor.

(D) In determining the value of the payment for purposes of division (E) of this section, the court may aggregate all checks and other negotiable instruments that the offender issued or transferred or caused to be issued or transferred in violation of division (A) of this section within a period of one hundred eighty consecutive days.

(E) Whoever violates this section is guilty of passing bad checks. Except as otherwise provided in this division, passing bad checks is a misdemeanor of the first degree. If the check or checks or other negotiable instrument or instruments are issued or transferred to a single vendor or single other person for the payment of one thousand dollars or more but less than seven thousand five hundred dollars or if the check or checks or other negotiable instrument or instruments are issued or transferred to multiple vendors or persons for the payment of one thousand five hundred dollars or more but less than seven thousand five hundred dollars, passing bad checks is a felony of the fifth degree. If the check or checks or other negotiable instrument or instruments are for the payment of seven thousand five hundred dollars or more but less than one hundred fifty thousand dollars, passing bad checks is a felony of the fourth degree. If the check or checks or other negotiable instrument or instruments are for the payment of one hundred fifty thousand dollars or more, passing bad checks is a felony of the third degree.

Last updated June 15, 2021 at 5:45 PM

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 112 cases (21 in the last 5 years), 1981–2026 · leading case: State v. Doane, 591 N.E.2d 735 (Ohio Ct. App. 1990).
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State v. Doane, 591 N.E.2d 735 (Ohio Ct. App. 1990). · cites it 7× “” For the purposes of interpreting R.C. 2913.11, passing bad checks, this court fails to see any distinction between the terms “advantage” and “benefit.”
State v. Hayes, 2017 Ohio 7718 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017). · cites it 11× “R.C. 2913.11, 1974 Committee Comment to H.”
State v. Durbin, 614 N.E.2d 799 (Ohio Ct. App. 1992). · cites it 15× “Durbin, was found guilty on two counts of passing bad checks, violations of R.C. 2913.11. The facts giving rise to this appeal are as follows.”
State v. Yoder, 2017 Ohio 903 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017). · cites it 10× “16-CA-54 4 {¶9} Appellant was charged by indictment with one count of passing bad checks pursuant to R.C. 2913.11(B), a felony of the fifth degree, to which she entered a plea of not guilty.”
State v. Shanklin, 2014 Ohio 5624 (Ohio Ct. App. 2014). · cites it 6× “02(A)(3), (B)(2), a second-degree felony;1 Count Two of passing bad checks in violation of R.C. 2913.11(B), (F), a fifth-degree felony; Count Three of passing bad checks in violation of R.”
State v. Edwards, 751 N.E.2d 510 (Ohio Ct. App. 2001). · cites it 7× “Appellant Alfred Edwards, found guilty on three felony counts of passing bad checks (R.C. 2913.11), claims that his Crim.R. 29(A) motion for acquittal should have been granted because (1) the payee knew at the time he presented the checks for payment that the checks would be…”
State v. Suber, 798 N.E.2d 684 (Ohio Ct. App. 2003). · cites it 4× “Appellant was accordingly convicted of six counts of passing bad checks, in violation of R.C. 2913.11. Two of these counts involved checks for payment of $500 or more but less than $5,000, constituting felonies of the fifth degree; the remaining four involved checks of $5,000 or…”
State v. Adams, 443 N.E.2d 1047 (Ohio Ct. App. 1982). · cites it 8× “This is an appeal by defendant from a conviction in the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas for the offense of passing bad checks, under R.C. 2913.11. The record indicates that at the beginning of the trial the parties stipulated that state’s exhibit 1, check No.”
State v. Tall, 2023 Ohio 1853 (Ohio Ct. App. 2023). · cites it 4× “Passing bad checks is defined by R.C. 2913.11, which provides in -6- Case No.”
State v. Hedrick, 636 N.E.2d 428 (Ohio Ct. App. 1994). · cites it 13× “Doane, the Court of Appeals for the Eleventh District found that a person can be charged with Passing Bad Checks, under R.C. 2913.11, even if those checks are written to cover a pre-existing debt.”
State v. Solomon, 2012 Ohio 5755 (Ohio Ct. App. 2012). · cites it 4× “02 and R.C. 2913.11 such that a violation of R.C.”
State v. Newman, 2021 Ohio 2124 (Ohio Ct. App. 2021). · cites it 3× “] Passing bad checks and theft—Bob Boyd Ford {¶71} Appellant was found guilty upon one count of passing bad checks pursuant to R.C. 2913.11(B)1 and one count of petty theft pursuant to R.”
Show all 112 citing cases →
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(A) — 15 cases
State v. Doane, 591 N.E.2d 735 (Ohio Ct. App. 1990). “” For the purposes of interpreting R.C. 2913.11, passing bad checks, this court fails to see any distinction between the terms “advantage” and “benefit.”
State v. Suber, 798 N.E.2d 684 (Ohio Ct. App. 2003). “Appellant was accordingly convicted of six counts of passing bad checks, in violation of R.C. 2913.11. Two of these counts involved checks for payment of $500 or more but less than $5,000, constituting felonies of the fifth degree; the remaining four involved checks of $5,000 or…”
Broadnax v. Greene Credit Serv., 694 N.E.2d 167 (Ohio Ct. App. 1997).
Lawson v. Boczonadi (In Re Lawson), 22 B.R. 100 (Bankr. S.D. Ohio 1982).
State v. Scherer, 671 N.E.2d 545 (Ohio Ct. App. 1995).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(A)(1) — 1 case
State v. Wallace, 8 Ohio App. Unrep. 80 (Ohio Ct. App. 1990).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(A)(2) — 1 case
State v. Mayes, 2026 Ohio 1081 (Ohio Ct. App. 2026).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(B) — 48 cases
State v. Shanklin, 2014 Ohio 5624 (Ohio Ct. App. 2014). “02(A)(3), (B)(2), a second-degree felony;1 Count Two of passing bad checks in violation of R.C. 2913.11(B), (F), a fifth-degree felony; Count Three of passing bad checks in violation of R.”
State v. Newman, 2021 Ohio 2124 (Ohio Ct. App. 2021). “] Passing bad checks and theft—Bob Boyd Ford {¶71} Appellant was found guilty upon one count of passing bad checks pursuant to R.C. 2913.11(B)1 and one count of petty theft pursuant to R.”
State v. Tall, 2023 Ohio 1853 (Ohio Ct. App. 2023). “Passing bad checks is defined by R.C. 2913.11, which provides in -6- Case No.”
State v. Yoder, 2017 Ohio 903 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017). “16-CA-54 4 {¶9} Appellant was charged by indictment with one count of passing bad checks pursuant to R.C. 2913.11(B), a felony of the fifth degree, to which she entered a plea of not guilty.”
State v. Potter, 2021 Ohio 3502 (Ohio Ct. App. 2021).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(B)(1) — 1 case
State v. Yoder, 2017 Ohio 903 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017). “16-CA-54 4 {¶9} Appellant was charged by indictment with one count of passing bad checks pursuant to R.C. 2913.11(B), a felony of the fifth degree, to which she entered a plea of not guilty.”
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(B)(2) — 4 cases
State v. Doane, 591 N.E.2d 735 (Ohio Ct. App. 1990). “” For the purposes of interpreting R.C. 2913.11, passing bad checks, this court fails to see any distinction between the terms “advantage” and “benefit.”
State v. Yoder, 2017 Ohio 903 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017). “16-CA-54 4 {¶9} Appellant was charged by indictment with one count of passing bad checks pursuant to R.C. 2913.11(B), a felony of the fifth degree, to which she entered a plea of not guilty.”
In Re Gilmore, 217 B.R. 228 (Bankr. S.D. Ohio 1998).
State v. Kuder, 640 N.E.2d 587 (Ohio Ct. App. 1994).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(BX2) — 1 case
State v. Doane, 7 Ohio App. Unrep. 503 (Ohio Ct. App. 1991).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(C) — 8 cases
State v. Howard, 607 N.E.2d 1121 (Ohio Ct. App. 1992).
State v. Yoder, 2017 Ohio 903 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017). “16-CA-54 4 {¶9} Appellant was charged by indictment with one count of passing bad checks pursuant to R.C. 2913.11(B), a felony of the fifth degree, to which she entered a plea of not guilty.”
State v. Bush, 646 N.E.2d 193 (Ohio Ct. App. 1994).
State v. Joseph, 2017 Ohio 588 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017).
State v. Gipson, 2019 Ohio 1165 (Ohio Ct. App. 2019).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(C)(1) — 2 cases
State v. Yoder, 2017 Ohio 903 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017). “16-CA-54 4 {¶9} Appellant was charged by indictment with one count of passing bad checks pursuant to R.C. 2913.11(B), a felony of the fifth degree, to which she entered a plea of not guilty.”
State v. Bunkley, 2020 Ohio 6675 (Ohio Ct. App. 2020).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(C)(2) — 3 cases
State v. Hayes, 2017 Ohio 7718 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017). “R.C. 2913.11, 1974 Committee Comment to H.”
State v. Yoder, 2017 Ohio 903 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017). “16-CA-54 4 {¶9} Appellant was charged by indictment with one count of passing bad checks pursuant to R.C. 2913.11(B), a felony of the fifth degree, to which she entered a plea of not guilty.”
State v. Hake, 2025 Ohio 4622 (Ohio Ct. App. 2025).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(D) — 2 cases
State v. Gipson, 2019 Ohio 1165 (Ohio Ct. App. 2019).
State v. Hake, 2025 Ohio 4622 (Ohio Ct. App. 2025).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(D)(1)(a) — 1 case
State v. Foster, 2025 Ohio 1382 (Ohio Ct. App. 2025).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(D)(3) — 1 case
State v. Gipson, 2019 Ohio 1165 (Ohio Ct. App. 2019).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(E) — 3 cases
State v. Joseph, 2017 Ohio 7309 (Ohio Ct. App. 2017).
Indep. v. Ismail, 2022 Ohio 3742 (Ohio Ct. App. 2022).
State v. O'Bryan, 908 N.E.2d 971 (Ohio Ct. App. 2009).
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2913.11(F) — 1 case
State v. Johnson, 2016 Ohio 781 (Ohio Ct. App. 2016).
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